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18. Food prices increased ________ 10% in less than a year.

A. for                                  B. to

C. by                                   D. at

C


解析:

因为表示“相差”的程度用by。

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years. And oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2004. These food-price increases, combined with increasing energy costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even affect political stability. Practical solutions to these problems do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.

Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. The first is to promote the dramatic success of Malawi, a country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion altogether.

Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels (生物燃料). The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol (乙醇) changed from corn. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods — tree crops, grasses and wood products — but there’s no case for the government to pay to put the world’s dinner into the gas tank.

Third, we urgently need to weather-proof the world’s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond — which collects rainwater to be used in dry weather — can make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.

An international fund based on the Malawi model would______.

A. cost each of the developed countries $10 billion per year

B. give poor farmers access to fertilizer and highly productive seeds

C. decrease the food prices as well as the energy prices

D. aim to double the harvest in southern African countries in a year

With the second step, the author expresses the idea that ______.

A. we should get alternative forms of fuel in any way

B. it is misleading to put tree crops into the gas tank

C. it is not wise to change food crops into gas

D. biofuels should be developed on a large scale

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The world has made a serious promise to build farm ponds.

B. A Climate Adaptation Fund has been established to help poor.

C. A rain-collecting pond is a simple safeguard against dry weather.

D. It makes a great difference whether we develop wood products or not.

In the passage, the author calls on us to______.

A. slow down but not to stop economy

B. act now so as to relieve the global food shortage

C. achieve economic growth and political stability

D. develop tree crops, grasses and wood products

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

surging commodity (商品) prices could worsen poverty in many poor countries, the International Monetary Fund warned Tuesday.

A new IMF study, seeing the effect of soaring oil and food costs, said many poor and developing countries would likely have to change their economic policies in response to soaring commodity prices. “Some countries are at a dangerous point,” warned IMF managing director Dominique Strauss?Kahn.

“If food prices rise further and oil prices stay the same, some governments will no longer be able to feed their people and at the same time keep stability in their economies,” Strauss?Kahn said. The IMF chief called for a “broad cooperative approach” to help handle higher oil and food prices, and said the IMF stood ready to assist countries in need. Strauss?Kahn said the international community would also have to play a role in helping to reduce the effect of commodity price shocks which have caused protests in some countries. European truckers have blockaded major roads to protest fuel prices in recent weeks and food riots (骚乱) have occurred in Cameroon, Bangladesh, and Somalia among other countries in recent months. “Poor countries that are highly dependent on food imports are particularly vulnerable (易受影响的) to rising food prices,” the IMF report said.

Anti?poverty campaigners are concerned that rising commodity costs could roll back advances made through anti?poverty campaigns in recent years, particularly because poorer families tend to spend much more of their household income on food. The IMF report found that poor households are most affected by food price inflation and “warned that the share of undernourished people in developing countries could rise rapidly above the current 40 percent of total population”.

Energy and food values are still rising and the IMF said its research suggests “the problem is worsening”. The Washington?based fund said it is working closely with its member countries to help reduce inflationary (通货膨胀的) pressures taking into account countries' specific needs. The report said that global food markets “need to be kept open” and that “restrictive policies”, such as export taxes and bans, should be removed.

1.To reduce the effects of rising oil and food prices, the IMF suggests ________.

A.increasing export taxes

B.placing restrictions on export

C.global food markets shouldn't be kept open

D.taking different measures to cooperate with its member countries

2.Why could rising commodity costs roll back advances made through anti?poverty campaigns?

A.Because European truckers have blockaded major roads to protest fuel prices.

B.Because poorer families tend to spend much more of their household income on food.

C.Because energy and labor costs are still rising and the problem is worsening.

D.Because the IMF hasn't prepared well to assist countries in need.

3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.The problem of commodity price increase exists all over the world.

B.Some developing countries do better in controlling oil price increase.

C.IMF is going to help reduce the effect of commodity price shocks.

D.Food price increase affects poor households badly.

4.What's the main idea of the passage?

A.IMF takes measures to reduce the effect of commodity price shocks.

B.Surging commodity prices cause protests in some countries.

C.Rising oil and food prices may worsen poverty in developing countries.

D.Global food markets need to be kept open.

 

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科目:高中英语 来源:2013届广西桂林市、崇左市、防城港市高考第一次联合模拟考试英语试卷(带解析) 题型:阅读理解

Poor families in some countries spend as much as eighty percent of their money on food. Rising prices in recent months have created the worst food crisis(危机) in more than thirty years. The United Nations World Food Program says high food prices could push one hundred million people into hunger.
Nathan Childs is an expert on rice markets. He notes that the harvest for the latest growing season was the largest on record. But India, Vietnam and others have restricted exports(限制出口) to keep prices down at home and protect supplies.
Thailand’s agriculture minister says his country will never restrict rice exports. He told the Reuters news agency Thursday that Thailand has enough supplies to meet demand at home and for export.
Thailand is the world’s largest rice exporter. Recent signs of an increase in supplies have helped ease record prices for Thai rice. Prices rose last week above one thousand dollars a ton.
Vietnam, the second biggest exporter, has banned(禁止) exports until June. And Vietnamese officials have now warned that non-food traders who buy rice for speculation(投机活动)will be severely punished.
Some experts say speculation is a necessary part of market activity. But the head of the U.N. Environment Program blames it for the high food prices. “We have enough food on this planet today to feed everyone.” Achim Steiner told the Associated Press.
Earlier, a member of the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission didn’t accept the idea that speculators are the main cause. Bart Chilton blamed reduced harvests and grain supplies and the falling value of the dollar.
U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon called heads of major international agencies to a meeting this week in the Swiss capital, Bern. He says high food prices could harm world trade, economic growth, social progress and political security.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Vietnam has banned rice exports to other countries.
B.Thailand is the largest rice exporter in the world.
C.Some families are too poor to afford enough food.
D.Rising prices of food have led to the world food crisis.
【小题2】Which country restricted food exports according to the passage?
A. Thailand.    B. Switzerland.    C. Vietnam.    D. The USA.
【小题3】All of the following are the results of rising prices of food EXCEPT ____.
A.the worst food crisis
B.reduced harvests and grain supplies
C.people spending more money on food
D.pushing one hundred million people into hunger
【小题4】What is the reason for the speculation according to the head of the U.N. Environment Program?
A.High food prices.
B.The falling value of the dollar.
C.Enough rice supplies in some countries.
D.Restricted food exports in some countries.

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科目:高中英语 来源:2010年河南省高一下学期期中考试英语 题型:阅读理解

 The United Nations says forty million people or so around the world went hungry in 2008, mainly because of higher food prices. Early estimates from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) show that 963 million people did not get enough to eat.

World food prices have dropped since early 2008. Prices of major crops have decreased by more than half from their height earlier last year. But they remain high compared to earlier years.

But FAO official Hafez Ghanem says lower prices have failed to end the food crisis (危机) in many poor countries. “For millions in developing countries,” he says, “getting enough food every day to live an active and healthy life is a distant dream. ”

The FAO says food shortage is a threat to people's health. Today, two-thirds of the world's undernourished people live in just a few countries. These are India, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Ethiopia and so on.

A report on food insecurity warns that the current economic crisis could send even more people into hunger and poverty.

In sub-Saharan Africa, the percentage of the people who continually go hungry fell from 34% in 1997 to 30% in 2008. But the FAO says Ghana is the only country that has reached two sets of hunger reduction targets. These were set by the 1996 World Food Summit and the Millennium Development Goals. The main reason is the growth in agricultural production in Ghana.

The FAO says some countries in Southeast Asia like Thailand and Vietnam have made progress in hunger reduction goals. But South Asia and Central Asia haven't, and North Korea is still in hot water.

1.What FAO official Hafez Ghanem says implies(暗示)__________

A. it's easy but takes long to provide people with enough food

B. enough food can make people more active and healthier

C. there is difficulty solving the food shortage in a short time

D. people in developing countries will never get enough food

2.The underlined word "undernourished" in Para. 4 probably means ________.

A. hungry and unhappy                    B. unhealthy for lack of food

C. not fat because of poverty                  D. undeveloped and poor

3.What is the best title of this passage?

A. The food production of the world

B. The hunger reduction target of the FAO

C. The food shortage around the world

D. The solution to the global food shortage

 

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