11．Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion（拥堵） at some of the country's busiest stations．
In the first move of its kind，all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity（容量） at the height of the rush hour．
A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April，eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left．The move，imitating a similar structure in Far Eastern cities such as Hong Kong，is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times．it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years．
According to London Underground，only 40percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators，leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the"standing"side．
A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any one time of could be raised by almost a third．Peter McNaught，operations director at London Underground，said："It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still，but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true．This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term．"
Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4high．Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up-meaning only one side was used at all times．Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5to ban walking．
The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2，500people between 8：30am and 9：30am on a typical day，rising to 3，250during the researching period．
In the new trial，which will be launched from April 18，one of three"up"escalators will be standing only，with a second banning walking at peak times．A third will remain a mix of walking and standing．
（Note：Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS．）
78．What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left？The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of．
79．What did last year's three-week trial at Holborn station prove？Passengers can go quicker by standing still．
80．The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least18.5m in height．
81．In the new trail，in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours，the other"up"escalators will be used forstanding only and a mix of walking and standing．
分析 本文属于议论文，禁止人们在电子扶梯上走动，并让所有的乘客站在扶梯的两边，这种做法增加了电子扶梯的容量，文章就此内容展开讨论．
解答 78．The capacity of escalators hasn't been made full use of．
推理判断题．根据第二段"In the first move of its kind，all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity（容量） at the height of the rush hour．"所有的游客将被迫站在电子扶梯的两边，以增加电子扶梯的载客量，减轻高峰期的交通压力．也就是说原来的方法并没有充分利用好电子扶梯的容量．
79．Passengers can go quicker by standing still．
细节理解题．根据第五段第一句"A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third．"可知在Holborn进行的为期的三周的测试发现乘客们不在电子扶梯上走来走去，实际上让使用电子扶梯的乘客的人数多了三分之一．
80.18.5m
细节理解题．根据第六段最后-句"Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking．"可知静止乘客步行的电子扶梯最好的长度是超过1S.5米．
81．standing only and a mix of walking and standing
细节理解题．根据文章最后一段"In the new trial，which win be launched from April 18： one of three"up"escalators will be standing only，with a second banning walking at peak times．A third will remain a mix of walking and standing．"可知三个向上的电子扶梯中有一个在高峰期禁止行走，一个只能站立，第三个既可以站在上面也可以在上面步行．
点评 对于议论文的理解要认真分析原文，搞明白文章的论点、论据以及具体的论证要点，结合题干仔细从原文中寻找具体的细节，并进行适当的精简文字，或者作出一定的概括，这就对学生的能力提出了更高的要求．
