A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language(修辞). The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be love we see it. Therefore, the poet’s job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.
Let’s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty; its petals(花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It’s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell. The rose’s appearance seems to border on(近似于)perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical(对称的) in form. Isn’t this the way one’s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one’s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns(刺). The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky(机警的). So can love, the metaphor tells us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet’s perception of love--a warning. What is the point? Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.
According to the passage, what is a metaphor?
A. A comparison between two different objects with similar features.
B. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image.
C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way.
D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing.
The main idea of this passage is that .
A. rose is a good image in poetry B. love is sweet and pleasing
C. metaphor is ambiguous D. metaphor is great poetic device
It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is .
A. difficult to understand B. rich in meaning C. not precise enough D. like a flower
As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose_________.
A. protect the rose from harm B. symbolize reduced love
C. add a new element to the image of love D. represent objects of one’s affection
The meaning of the love-is–a-rose metaphor is that____________-
A. love is a true joy B. true love comes once in a lifetime
C. love does not last long D. love is both good and bad experiences
科目：高中英语 来源：2013届浙江省余姚三中高三第二次月考英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Poet Dean Young has dealt with impermanence（ 无常）a lot in his career, but it's a particularly strong theme in Young's latest collection, Fall Higher．The new collection was published in April, just days after the poet received a life-saving heart transplant （移植） after about a decade of living with a weakening heart condition．
Young, whose work is often frank and rich with twisted humor, tells NPR's Renee Montaigne that as he recovers from operation, he's also slowly returning to his everyday writing habits．
"I'm getting back to it," Young says．"Not with the sort of concentration and sort of flame that I look forward to in the future, but I am blackening some pages．"
And on those blackened pages you'll find poems like " How Grasp Green," which carries themes of springtime and rebirth．It's one of the first poems Young has written since his transplant．
It's easy to spot clues （线索） to Young's awful health situation in the lines of his poetry. Fall Higher's "Vintage" opens with, "Because I will die soon, I fall asleep, during the lecture on the ongoing emergency．" And the poem "-The Rhythms Pronounce Themselves Then Vanish—published in The /Vew Barker in February —opens with the CT scan that revealed Young's heart condition．
Young says "Rhythms" was written about the beginning of his illness．
"I had been having a lot of physical pain so that I could hardly walk a block．I got sent to a gastroenterologist and he did a series of tests, and then the tests came back to me and it was all heart related," he says．" And the outlook wasn't good．
Hearts tend to come up a lot in poetry, and that's especially true of Young's work, which has clearly been influenced by the troubles of his own heart,
"A lot of times, it's not just a metaphor （比喻） ," Young says．"For me, it's an actual concern because I've been living with this disease for over 10 years．My father died of heart problems when he was 49, so it's been a sort of shadowy concern for me my whole life．
But Young's poems also deal with more abstract matters of the heart．He wrote Fall Higher's, "Late Valentine" for his wife．"We've been married since late November and most of it has been spent in the hospital," Young says of his marriage to poet Laurie Saurborn Young, who says " 'Late Valentine' is very sweet．
Today, Young says, his friends can't help but comment on how pink his cheeks have become—the result of a new heart and better circulation （循环）．But Young wrote the poems of Fall Higher before the transplant, at a time when, at its weakest point, his old heart was pumping at 8 percent of what it should have been．
He was staring death in the face—but he was still able to look at his life and see art
in it.
Young's work also touches on themes of randomness and fate —two factors that contributed to him getting a second chance in the form of a new heart from a 22-year-old student．
"Everything in life is molecules （分子） bouncing against molecules," Young says, and having a successful transplant is no different．" Somebody had to die; it had to be a fit; my blood and his blood had to not have an argument; the heart had to be transported; I had to get it．"
There were, in short, an amazing number of variables （变量） that led to Young
being here today.
"I just feel enormous gratitude," he says of his donor （捐献者）．"He gave me a heart so I'm still alive-"I'm sure I'm going to think about this person for the rest of my life．"
【小题1】The poetry collection Fall Higher _______．
| A．was published in February |
| B．refers darkness as its main theme |
| C．is Young's latest collection of poetry |
| D．was written after Young's heart transplant |
| A．was born with heart disease |
| B．received a heart transplant in February |
| C．married a female poet after he wrote "Late Valentine" |
| D．wrote a poem for his wife in his collection |
| A．The writer expected some bright future, but he was disappointed． |
| B．The writer had less enthusiasm than before, but he still kept on writing． |
| C．The writer devoted more time to poems, so he grasped a good chance． |
| D．The writer wrote poems with less enthusiasm, so he quitted for a while． |
| A．"How Grasp Green" is the first poem in Fall Higher． |
| B．Young began all his poems with his illness． |
| C．Young's father died when Young was 49 years old． |
| D．Young's health situation is mentioned in his poetry． |
| A．Dean Young and his latest collection． |
| B．Dean Young and his heart problems． |
| C．The meaning of Fall Higher． |
| D．An analysis of Dean Young's poems． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年高考二轮复习训练：专题11 介词与介词短语英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完型填空
When I was a small child，during the war，we were very poor and we lived in a faraway village.One day，on the road，I found the ____ pieces of a mirror.There was a motorcycle accident.
I ____ to find all the pieces and put them ____，but it was not possible，so I used only the ___ piece and I made it round.I could ____ with it as a toy and became greatly attracted by the ____ that I could reflect light to dark places where the sun would never shine—in ____ holes and some other dark places.It became a game for me to ____ light into the darkest places I could find.
I ____ the little mirror，and，as I grew up，I would take it out ____ I had nothing to do and ____ the game.As I became a man，I grew to realize that this was not ____ a child’s game but a metaphor(暗喻) for what I might ____ my life.I came to ____ that I am not the light or the source of light.But light—truth，understanding，knowledge—is there，and it will shine in many dark places ____ I reflect it.
I am just a single piece of a mirror whose ____ design and shape I do not know.___，with what I have I can reflect light into the dark places of this ____—into the black places in the ____ of men—and change some things in some people.Perhaps others may see and do the same.This is what I am about.This is the ____ of my life.
1.A.broken? B．wasted
C．painted? D．sharpened
2.A.pretended? B．tried
C．demanded? D．hated
3.A.back? B．down
C．together? D．aside
4.A.lightest? B．longest
C．hardest? D．largest
5.A.talk? B．play
C．deal D．share
6.A.suggestion? B．fact
C．decision? D．reason
7.A.deep? B．big
C．bright? D．empty
8.A.attract? B．show
C．get? D．bring
9.A.kept? B．cut
C．used? D．mended
10.A.until? B．before
C．when D．after
11.A.watch? B．continue
C．remember D．change
12.A.just B．wholly
C．really? D．even
13.A.get from? B．owe to
C．tell about? D．do with
14.A.announce? B．doubt
C．understand? D．expect
15.A.so that? B．now that
C．even if? D．only if
16.A.whole? B．unique
C．special D．other
17.A.Otherwise? B．However
C．Besides? D．Therefore
18.A.country? B．village
C．world? D．city
19.A.hands? B．brains
C．eyes? D．hearts
20.A.way? B．standard
C．quality? D．meaning
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年浙江省高三第二次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Poet Dean Young has dealt with impermanence（ 无常）a lot in his career, but it's a particularly strong theme in Young's latest collection, Fall Higher．The new collection was published in April, just days after the poet received a life-saving heart transplant （移植） after about a decade of living with a weakening heart condition．
Young, whose work is often frank and rich with twisted humor, tells NPR's Renee Montaigne that as he recovers from operation, he's also slowly returning to his everyday writing habits．
"I'm getting back to it," Young says．"Not with the sort of concentration and sort of flame that I look forward to in the future, but I am blackening some pages．"
And on those blackened pages you'll find poems like " How Grasp Green," which carries themes of springtime and rebirth．It's one of the first poems Young has written since his transplant．
It's easy to spot clues （线索） to Young's awful health situation in the lines of his poetry. Fall Higher's "Vintage" opens with, "Because I will die soon, I fall asleep, during the lecture on the ongoing emergency．" And the poem "-The Rhythms Pronounce Themselves Then Vanish—published in The /Vew Barker in February —opens with the CT scan that revealed Young's heart condition．
Young says "Rhythms" was written about the beginning of his illness．
"I had been having a lot of physical pain so that I could hardly walk a block．I got sent to a gastroenterologist and he did a series of tests, and then the tests came back to me and it was all heart related," he says．" And the outlook wasn't good．
Hearts tend to come up a lot in poetry, and that's especially true of Young's work, which has clearly been influenced by the troubles of his own heart,
"A lot of times, it's not just a metaphor （比喻） ," Young says．"For me, it's an actual concern because I've been living with this disease for over 10 years．My father died of heart problems when he was 49, so it's been a sort of shadowy concern for me my whole life．
But Young's poems also deal with more abstract matters of the heart．He wrote Fall Higher's, "Late Valentine" for his wife．"We've been married since late November and most of it has been spent in the hospital," Young says of his marriage to poet Laurie Saurborn Young, who says " 'Late Valentine' is very sweet．
Today, Young says, his friends can't help but comment on how pink his cheeks have become—the result of a new heart and better circulation （循环）．But Young wrote the poems of Fall Higher before the transplant, at a time when, at its weakest point, his old heart was pumping at 8 percent of what it should have been．
He was staring death in the face—but he was still able to look at his life and see art
in it.
Young's work also touches on themes of randomness and fate —two factors that contributed to him getting a second chance in the form of a new heart from a 22-year-old student．
"Everything in life is molecules （分子） bouncing against molecules," Young says, and having a successful transplant is no different．" Somebody had to die; it had to be a fit; my blood and his blood had to not have an argument; the heart had to be transported; I had to get it．"
There were, in short, an amazing number of variables （变量） that led to Young
being here today.
"I just feel enormous gratitude," he says of his donor （捐献者）．"He gave me a heart so I'm still alive-"I'm sure I'm going to think about this person for the rest of my life．"
1.The poetry collection Fall Higher _______．
|
A．was published in February |
|
B．refers darkness as its main theme |
|
C．is Young's latest collection of poetry |
|
D．was written after Young's heart transplant |
2.We can learn from the text that Young _______．
|
A．was born with heart disease |
|
B．received a heart transplant in February |
|
C．married a female poet after he wrote "Late Valentine" |
|
D．wrote a poem for his wife in his collection |
3.What does the writer try to say in Paragraph 3?
|
A．The writer expected some bright future, but he was disappointed． |
|
B．The writer had less enthusiasm than before, but he still kept on writing． |
|
C．The writer devoted more time to poems, so he grasped a good chance． |
|
D．The writer wrote poems with less enthusiasm, so he quitted for a while． |
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
|
A．"How Grasp Green" is the first poem in Fall Higher． |
|
B．Young began all his poems with his illness． |
|
C．Young's father died when Young was 49 years old． |
|
D．Young's health situation is mentioned in his poetry． |
5.What is the text mainly about?
|
A．Dean Young and his latest collection． |
|
B．Dean Young and his heart problems． |
|
C．The meaning of Fall Higher． |
|
D．An analysis of Dean Young's poems． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：福建省2010届高三下学期质量检查英语试题 题型：阅读理解
A religious person will have a different thought from one who is not．And a Democrat usually doesn’t view issues the same way as a Republican．
Take the shoes for example．It has the same principle．Some like custom shoes for personalization．But some don’t．Someone will buy a shoes printer only for one desired image．That all depends on different conceptions．So when you have a negative thought about yourself, don’t consider it a fact until you also reflect on the opposite view．And if the alternative is more positive, accept that to be your truth．
An anorexic （厌食症患者） looks in the mirror and thinks she’s fat．As a result she starves herself and rids her body of vital nutrition．But society thinks she’s too skinny．Unless she can change her perception, she’ll never agree with society．And she’ll never get better．What are you seeing in you that is preventing you from realizing how beautiful you are? Or how smart you are? Or how lovable? If you take the positive view, that is how other people will see you too．
More often than not the critical statements that damage your self-esteem come from your own mind．Now you know how you can silence them．A bad comment is usually not about you; it’s about something that is going on with the commenter．Don’t believe anything that is said to you that isn’t in your best interest．And don’t waste any time or brainpower on anyone who doesn’t think you are amazing．
It’s what you think that creates how you feel．Design your own custom shoes, despite other one’s critical eyes．If you like it, it will be the top one．If someone tells you you’re fat, or stupid or otherwise unappealing, the only person you should think badly about is them!
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Try to be different． B．Different beliefs make different views．
C．You are actually amazing． D．Trust what people say to you．
2．Which of the following sentences contains a metaphor （暗喻）?
A．A Democrat usually doesn’t view issues the same way as a Republican．
B．Some like custom shoes for personalization．
C．An anorexic looks in the mirror and thinks she is fat．
D．Design your own custom shoes, despite others’ critical eyes．
3．The reason why the writer wrote this passage is to ．
A．confuse people as how to think
B．help people learn how to do self – reflection
C．tell people different ways of thinking
D．show he is smarter than most of the people
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年上海市等八校高三2月联合调研考试英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for relatives and friends. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.
In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.
Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lese on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.
Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a family group, arc not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be children of that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.
There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste (social class) system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva（唾液）,of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, not eat from the same plate as, not even accept food from an individual or from a low-ranking class.
1.According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?
|
A．The English during regular meals. |
|
B．Americans on their first date. |
|
C．Men and women in Near Eastern societies. |
|
D．Newly-married people on the island of New Ireland. |
2.In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "taboos" means _____________.
|
A．favors |
B．prohibitions |
C．hatred |
D．gossips |
3. According to the passage, eating together indicates all the following EXCEPT .
|
A．the type of food |
B．social relations. |
|
C．marital status |
D．family ties. |
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
|
A．Different kinds of food in western countries. |
|
B． Relations between food and social units. |
|
C． Symbolic meanings of different kinds of food. |
|
D．Food consumption in different cultures. |
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