Question

Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.
Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”

1. 1.
   As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?
   1. A.
      Genetic faults of the people
   2. B.
      Elongation of the eyeball
   3. C.
      The shortage of outdoor light
   4. D.
      Lack of research into the problem
2. 2.
   Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?
   1. A.
      A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia
   2. B.
      Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse
   3. C.
      It’s necessary to treat myopia with an operation
   4. D.
      It’s of vital importance to reduce educational pressure
3. 3.
   What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
   1. A.
      Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem
   2. B.
      The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia
   3. C.
      Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools
   4. D.
      An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts
4. 4.
   What’s the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?
   1. A.
      Equip the classroom with better lights
   2. B.
      Look at the sun from time to time
   3. C.
      Do eyes exercise regularly
   4. D.
      Spend more time in the open air

Answer 1

CDBD
试题分析：本文讲述的是如何保护好我们的眼睛不要受到近视的影响，分析了原因，并提出了解决的方法，就是多倒户外去运动。
1.C 细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.说明C项才是主要原因。
2.D 细节题。根据文章第三段前三行Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes,说明D正确。
3.B 段落大意题。根据本段的主题句最后一句Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”说明环境才是最主要的原因。故B正确。
4.D 细节题。根据文章2,3段的最后一句According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
说明多花时间在户外对这种病症是有很大的作用的。故D正确。
考点：考查健康类短文阅读
点评：本文讲述的是如何保护好我们的眼睛不要受到近视的影响，分析了原因，并提出了解决的方法，就是多倒户外去运动。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。