2．We all dream of living a long，happy life，but where are the happiest places in the world？
A new map of 151countries has revealed exactly which parts of the globe deliver long and happy lives for their citizens．The results may surprise you，with Costa Rica，Colombia and Vietnam topping the league．The UK features at position 44-higher than Germany （47），Spain （62），Canada （65），Australia （76）and the US （105）．
The map was made by the relocation website Movehub，using data from the latest Happy Planet Index （HPI）-a global measure of sustainable wellbeing（可持续幸福）．
The HPI measures life expectancy（平均寿命），the level of well-being experienced and ecological（生态的） footprint．Each of the three aspects is given a traffic-light score based on thresholds for good （green），middling （amber） and bad （red） performance．These scores are combined to an expanded six-color traffic light for the overall HPI score，where，to achieve bright green-the best of the six colors，a country would have to perform well on all three individual components．
Experienced well-being：This was assessed using a question called the‘Ladder of Life'． This asks respondents to imagine a ladder，where 0represents the worst possible life and 10the best possible life，and report the step of the ladder they feel they currently stand on．
Life expectancy：Alongside experienced well-being，the Happy Planet Index includes a universally important measure of health-life expectancy．We used life expectancy data from the 2011UNDP Human Development Report．
Ecological Footprint：The HPI uses the Ecological Footprint promoted by the environmental charity WWF as a measure of resource consumption．It is a per capita（人均） measure of the amount of land required to sustain a country's consumption pattern．
Two of the three main factors are directly about happiness．The third （Ecological footprint） is regarded as sustainable happiness．i．e．whether a country could sustain its citizens without any outside help．The idea is that if there was an incident which cut a country completely off from the outside world，or a country had to be completely self-sufficient，most of the developed world would be unable to do that．
The reason for some high-income nations to score significantly below other nations is the ecological footprint left on the planet．Mexicans and Canadians both appear to be happier than their US neighbor-most likely due to the country's ecological footprint．
74．According to the passage，the happiest places in the world are countriesA．
A．which deliver long，happy and sustainable lives for the people
B．which offer good medical care to help people live longer
C．which are wealthy enough to provide free social services
D．whose citizens are leading a happy and luxurious life
75．If a country whose traffic-light score of the experienced well-being is red，it means thatC．
A．people there are happy with their present situation
B．people's previous life was much better
C．people are not very satisfied with their life
D．most people choose to be on the top of the ladder
76．What do the two underlined words"This"refer toB？
A．Experienced well-being； A real ladder．
B．Experienced well-being； The question．
C．The Happy Planet Index （HPI）；The"Ladder of Life"．
D．The individual component； The researcher．
77．If the U．S．footprint per capita is 9.0gha（全球公顷），while that of Switzerland is 5.6gha，we can conclude thatD．
A．people in the U．S．are happier than those in Switzerland
B．the U．S is less dependent on outside help than Switzerland
C．the land in U．S．is more productive than that in Switzerland
D．people in U．S．consume more natural resources than those in Switzerland．
分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了世界上最幸福的地方，并且分析了各个国家的不同状态，并向我们介绍了如何能够是国家人民幸福．
解答 74．A 细节理解题，根据第二段A new map of 151countries has revealed exactly which parts of the globe deliver long and happy lives for their citizens．可知世界上最幸福的地方是为人民提供长期、快乐、可持续的生活的国家，故选A．
75．C 推理判断题，根据第四段Each of the three aspects is given a traffic-light score based on thresholds for good （green），middling （amber） and bad （red） performance．These scores are combined to an expanded six-color traffic light for the overall HPI score，where，to achieve bright green-the best of the six colors，a country would have to perform well on all three individual components．可知如果一个国家的交通灯评分是红色的，这意味着人们对自己的生活不太满意，故选C．
76．B 推理判断题，根据第五段Experienced well-being：This was assessed using a question called the‘Ladder of Life'． This asks respondents to imagine a ladder，where 0represents the worst possible life and 10the best possible life，and report the step of the ladder they feel they currently stand on．可以推断出经验丰富的幸福是评估使用的问题，被称为"生活阶梯"，而这个问题要求受访者想象出一个梯子，故选B．
77．D 推理判断题，由题干如果美国县人均生态足迹是9公顷，瑞士是5.6公顷，则可以推断出美国的人比瑞士的人消耗更多的自然资源，故选D．
点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
