Question

Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable — especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study.
The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. Psychologist Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can backfire. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”
Dr. Scott said the research showed customer-service workers who “fake smile” throughout the day worsen their mood and then withdraw from work, so their productivity drops. He added, “Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.” Dr. Scott, assistant professor of management at Michigan State University, analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two- week period.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional displays over a period of time and compare the different effect that has on men and women. His team examined the effects of surface acting — or fake smiling — compared to what was termed “deep acting”, or cultivating(培养) positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories.
Dr. Scott said, “Women are harmed more by surface acting, meaning their mood worsens even more than the men and they withdraw more from work. However, they are helped more by deep acting, which means their mood improves more.”
Although “deep acting” seems to improve mood in the short-term, Dr. Scott said it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy.
He said, “You’re trying to cultivate positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself anymore.”

1. 1.
   What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
   1. A.
      Have the opposite effect
   2. B.
      Lead to conflict
   3. C.
      Drive people mad
   4. D.
      Help a lot
2. 2.
   What can we learn from the passage?
   1. A.
      Surface acting is good for organizations
   2. B.
      Men benefit more from deep acting than women
   3. C.
      Fake smiling causes more harm to women than men
   4. D.
      Recalling good memories is a long-term solution to feeling down
3. 3.
   The findings of the research might serve as a warning to _______
   1. A.
      employees
   2. B.
      employers
   3. C.
      researchers
   4. D.
      customers
4. 4.
   What would be the best title for the passage?
   1. A.
      Solution to feeling unhappy
   2. B.
      How to cultivate positive emotions
   3. C.
      How to improve workers’ productivity
   4. D.
      Fake smiling makes you miserable

Answer 1

ACBD
试题分析：文章介绍一项调查发现假笑会带来情绪的疲劳，假笑给女性带来的痛苦比男性多，而且假笑对组织和公司的影响是不好的，所以老板们应该把这个研究结果当成是警告。
1.猜词题：从后面的解释：Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”假笑会带来情绪的疲劳对组织是不好的，说明假笑对有不好的影响，backfire 和Have the opposite effect.意思相近，选A
2.细节题：从第二段的句子：The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.可知假笑给女性带来的痛苦比男性多，选C
3.推理题：从第二段的句子：Psychologist Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can backfire. 和第三段的句子：“Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.”可以看出老板应该把这个研究当成警告。选B
4.主旨题：从第一段的句子：Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable — especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study.可知这篇文章讲的是假笑会让人觉得你是痛苦的，选D
考点：考查社会现象类短文