4．In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social-progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad； that it sets one person against another； that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs．In their single-minded pursuit of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse："I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistake belief that-one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．
28．What does this text mainly talk about？B
A Competition helps to set up self-respect．
B．People hold different opinions about competition．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experience in competition．
29．Some people favor competition because they think itA．
A．pushes society forward
B．builds up a sense of pride
C．improves social abilities
D．develops people's relationship
30．The underlined phrase"the most vocal in Paragraph 3refers to those whoC
A．try their best to win
B．highly value competition
C．are strongly against competition
D．mostly rely on others for success
31．Which viewpoint does the author agree to？D
A． Self-worth relys on winning．
B．Competition leads to unfriendly relationship．
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
分析 本文是一篇说明文，主要说明的是有关竞争的观点，不同的人有不同的观点．有人认为竞争有利于社会进步，有人则认为竞争让人与人之间的关系变得紧张．那些遭受巨大竞争压力的人，他们反对竞争，他们害怕失败，害怕竞争．我们要把对失败的恐惧从竞争中去除掉
解答 28．B 主旨大意题．根据第一段第一句"In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．"可知，点明主旨．人们对竞争持有不同观点．故选B．
29．A 细节理解题．根据第一段第二句"Some value it highly believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity"可知，有的人赞同竞争，是因为它能推动社会向前发展，故选A．
30．C 推理判断题．根据第三段"Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society"可知，那些遭受巨大竞争压力的人，他们反对竞争，故选C．
31．D 推理判断题．根据最后一段"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot"可知，这些人害怕失败，害怕竞争．所有才会有各种各样的逃避竞争的现象，所以我们要把对失败的恐惧从竞争中去除掉．故选D．
点评 本文是人生感悟类阅读理解．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
