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There's a curious thing about people.All of us are driven in some way or another to achieve—we want to run faster,be more creative,win more awards,and earn more money.But here's the thing: if you want to offer warm of wisdom,constructive criticism or "360-degree feedback",then think again.Most of us would rather not hear it.

Our easily-broken egos(自尊心)are partly to blame.We all want to meet our own expectations of ourselves,and so being critiqued can present a huge threat to our egos.Yet as decades of psychological theory and research have indicated,people have endless tricky strategies of remaining positive in the face of criticism.For this reason,rather than us welcoming feedback with open arms,our first response is often an automatic defense.These reactions serve to make us feel better about ourselves.

Psychological research exposes this unhealthy appetite for ignorance.In one study,students watched a false educational film about a serious disease called "TAA Deficiency".In fact,TAA Deficiency is completely fictional,but the students were not told this information;instead,they were asked whether they wished to provide a cheek test for assessing(评估)their risk of developing the disease.Half of the students were told that if they ever developed TAA Deficiency,then the treatment would involve them taking a two-week course of pills.Of this group,52% agreed to provide the cheek test.The other half of students learned the treatment would involve taking the pills for the rest of their lives.Of this group,only 21% agreed to the test.

These findings show a common pattern seen in other studies within and beyond the context of healthcare.That is,people are especially resistant to hearing feedback when they believe it could lead them to do something difficult- or unpleasant.

1.The author implies in Paragraph 1 that people should .

A. be cautious when giving advice B. be satisfied with what he has

C. offer constructive criticism D. care less about others

2.How do people usually react when facing criticism?

A. They try to avoid it. B. They deal with it seriously.

C. They tend to defend themselves. D. They turn to psychological theory.

3.Why didn't most of the second group agree to the test?

A. They didn't believe in it. B. They knew it was just an experiment.

C. They were sensitive to the negative result. D. They didn't like the way they were treated.

4.What can be the best title for the passage?

A. Meeting Criticism B. Rethinking Feedbacks

C. Improving Healthcare D. Fighting TAA Deficiency

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