Question

　　A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of tile University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities（个性）and food experiences.“One week later,”Loftus says,“we told those people we'd fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences.”Some accounts included one key additional detail（细节）,“You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream.”The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured（人为促生的）memory through leading questions--Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry icecream once made them sick, and many said they'd avoid eating it.

　　When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it's not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don't eat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can he implanted（灌输）only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit.

　　Loftus says there's nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children.“I say, wake up--parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that's a more moral lie. Decide that for yourself.”

(1)Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?

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A．To improve her computer program.

B．To find out their attitudes towards food.

C．To find out details she can make use of.

D．To predict what food they'll like in the future.

(2)What did Loftus find out from her research?

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A．People believe what the computer tells them.

B．People can be led to believe in something false.

C．People tend to forget their childhood experiences.

D．People are not always aware of their personalities.

(3)According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they ______.

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A．learn it is harmful for health

B．lie to themselves that they don't want it

C．are willing to let doctors control their minds

D．think they once had a bad experience of eating it

(4)What is the biggest concern with the method?

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A．Whether it is moral.

B．Who it is best for.

C．When it is effective.

D．How it should be used.

Answer 1

答案：C;B;D;A
解析：

(1)通过第一段我们可以知道：Scientist Elizabeth Loftus 通过童年时的一些细节来改变人们的记忆，从而达到预期的结果，因此选C。 (2)由文章第一段最后一句：“By the end of the study, up to 4l% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said that they'd avoid eating it.”可得知正确答案为B。 (3)通过文章的第一段可知：可利用细节改变人的记忆从而进行精神上的控制，故D为正确选项。 (4)通过最后两段可看出：作者认为诺言有时候对人有好处，但不一定符合道德标准，所以应选A。