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    16．Rent control，like all other government-mandated（强制执行的）PRICE CONTROL，is a law placing a maximum price，or a"rent ceiling，"on what landlords may charge tenants（房客）．It is a program designed to stop rents from rising rapidly and is used mainly in large urban areas where there are more people than housing．In cities with rent control，the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment．Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in the apartments．Their rent cannot increase；therefore，they are not in danger of losing their homes．However，almost all the critics conclude that rent control is destructive．They say after a long time，rent control may have negative effects．
    In a 1990 survey of 464 people published in．the May 1992 issue of the American Economic Review，93% of US respondents agreed that a ceiling on rents reduces the quantity and quality of apartments available．Landlords are too cautious （perhaps too smart） to put their faith in rental apartments because they know that the rental-controlled apartments cannot increase their profits．Therefore，they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits．They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled．As a result，new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any．
    Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way．The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers．The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled，low-paying jobs．However，if the minimum is high，employers may hire fewer workers．They will replace workers with machinery．The price，which is the wage that employers must pay，increases．Therefore，other things being equal，the number of workers that employers want decreases．Thus，critics claim，an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment．Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage．
    Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity，Because of the law，workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum．Furthermore，employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages．But the supporters make a big error．They fail to realize that it is possible for such a law to increase wages beyond the value of what the workers contributes．
    Economic theories predict the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production，rent control，and the minimum wage．The predictions may be correct only if"other things are equal"．Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．

    61．According to the passage，rent control willD．
    A．encourage landlords to invest in apartments
    B．improve the quality of apartments
    C．protect the tenants'interests
    D．cause a shortage of apartments
    62．We can infer from the passage that．D
    A．many people won't find jobs if the minimum wage is set
    B．some economists do not agree with the economic theories
    C．economic theories are not always correct
    D．the results of economic decisions cannot always be predicted
    63．The passage is mainly about．B
    A．the relationship between supply and demand
    B．the possible results of government controls
    C．the economic theories about rent control
    D．the urgency of getting rid of rent control
    64．The author's attitude towards the rent control and the minimum wage isC．
    A．supportive         B．objective          C．critical                D．indifferent．

    分析 本文主要讲述了政府会为了控制上涨的房租而实施的一项控制令，以及它可能会产生的结果．

    解答 61．D  细节题．根据文章内容，Rent control，like all other government-mandated（强制执行的）PRICE CONTROL，is a law placing a maximum price，or a"rent ceiling，"on what landlords may charge tenants（房客）．It is a program designed to stop rents from rising rapidly and is used mainly in large urban areas where there are more people than housing…new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any房租控制令的颁布，会限制房主受房客的高价房费．其目的在于阻止快速上涨的房租，而在都市地区人口数比房子多的多的地方，必定会引起人们的租房热，结合选项，故选D
    62．D 推理题．根据文章内容，Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．由此可知，经济决策所带来的结果并不是那么容易预测的，也并不是总能够被预测到．结合选项，故选D
    63．B 主旨题．根据文章内容，主要讲述了政府会为了控制上涨的房租而实施的一项控制令，以及它可能会产生的结果．结合选项，故选B
    64．C 作者观点题．根据文章内容，Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．通过对经济学家的描述，说明经济学家并不同意某些观点，有些人甚至批评它．由此透露出作者对房租控制令和最低工资的批评态度，故选C

    点评 题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

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