Question

Few people would defend the Victorian attitude on children, but if you were a parent in those days, at least you knew where you stood: children were to be seen and not heard. Freud and his colleagues did away with all that and parents have been puzzled ever since. The child’s happiness is all- important, they say, but what about the parents’ happiness? Modern child-rearing manuals（抚养孩子手册）would never permit cruelty to children .The trouble is you are not allowed even to shout. Who knows what deep psychological(心理的)wounds you might cause? The poor child may never recover from the dreadful experience. So it is the parents that bend over backwards to avoid giving their children complex which a hundred years ago hadn’t even been heard of. Certainly, a child needs love, and a lot of it. But the excessive permissive(纵容) of modern parents is surely doing more harm than good.
Psychologists(心理学家) have succeeded in weakening parents confidence in their own authority. And it hasn’t taken children long to get wind of the fact. In addition to the great modern classics on child care, there are countless articles in magazines and newspapers. With so much advice flying about, mum and dad just don’t know what to do any more. In the end, they do nothing at all. So, from early childhood, the kids are in charge and parents’ lives are regulated according to the needs of their kids. When the little dears develop into teenagers, they take complete control. Lack of authority over the years makes teenagers rebellion against parents all the more violent. If the young people are going to have a party, for example, parents are asked to leave the house. Their presence merely spoils the fun. What else can the poor parents do but obey?

1. 1.
   The author says that today’s parents _______.
   1. A.
      are bombarded with excessive amounts of child-care literature.
   2. B.
      draw a distinction between permissiveness and carelessness.
   3. C.
      are only towards children from happy home backgrounds.
   4. D.
      weigh their children’s knowledge rather than intelligence.
2. 2.
   The phrase “get wind of” (Para.2) most likely means _______ .
   1. A.
      become used to
   2. B.
      try to avoid
   3. C.
      realize
   4. D.
      become puzzled of
3. 3.
   Which of the following can be inferred from this passage?
   1. A.
      Victorian child rearing is a model for parents to follow.
   2. B.
      Psychologists have much to answer for today’s problems on child care.
   3. C.
      With the help of so much advice, raising children is easier than ever.
   4. D.
      Parents like to enjoy the freedom when there is a party in the house.
4. 4.
   What’s the main idea of this passage?
   1. A.
      The excessive permissiveness of today’s parents is harmful to children.
   2. B.
      Psychologists shouldn’t interfere so much with child care.
   3. C.
      Parents should hold the Victorian attitudes towards children.
   4. D.
      Children are too sensitive to be hurt.

Answer 1

ACBA
本文主要讲了对孩子过度的放纵所造成的原因以及分析对孩子放纵的结果。首先讲述了父母对孩子的态度发生了变化，且作者提出父母对孩子过于纵容肯定是有害无益的。文中讲述了在心理学家、报刊杂志的建议下，父母被弄得无所适从。被纵容、忽略下的青少年走向犯罪，最后作者呼吁父母应严格管教自己的孩子。
1.细节理解题。“面对过量的抚养孩子的书”，第一段中的“child-rearing manuals”和第二段中的“countless articles in magazines and newspapers.”说明了这一观点。B和原文的意思相反；CD未提到。本题易误选B。
2.词义推断题。文章第二段第一、二句句意为“心理学家削弱了父母的权威，孩子们很快就认识（get wind of）到了这一点”，故知其为“realize”之意。本题易误选A。
3.推理判断题。见文章第二段第一句，意思为：“心理学家们成功地削弱了父母们对自己权威的信心”，故可推知，心理学家应在很大程度上为现在父母们纵容孩子负责任。
4.主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句是本文主题句。其意思为：“尽管孩子们很需要爱，但现在父母们对孩子的过度纵容给孩子带来的是坏处而不是益处”，故A项符合要求。