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在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,。

I know of no country that doesn’t test its K-12 students at some point before they graduate from high school, with some countries  31 (give)more tests than others and at different grade levels depending on the number of years of compulsory education and levels of schooling available. Tests covering what students __32__(expect) to learn serve a useful purpose — to provide evidence of student effort, of student learning, of what teachers taught, and of what teachers may have failed to teach.

Good tests come in some __33__(vary). There are reading-based prompts(提示)requiring extensive essays written on the spot, or sets of questions requiring a choice of the __34__(good) answer from a group of possible answers. There are also “product” tests that reflect the application of the knowledge and skills __35__(acquire) in a particular course of studies.

__36__ the number of students “passing” has risen, nothing is happening at the level that should indicate academic success. More serious questions arise about “teaching to the test.” If the test requires students to prove their understanding of high quality reading passages at __37__ proper level of difficulty for the students’ grade, then, of course, __38__is appropriate. That is __39__(exact) what we want English or history teachers to do. What is not clear with respect to the New York State tests is the degree to __40__ the English tests actually make teachers to teach their students for the grade. 

31. giving     32. are expected   33. varieties  34. best     35. acquired

36. While     37. a             38. it        39. exactly   40. which

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