浙江名校名师金卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The average person learns most of the 30 000～40 000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context or simply absorbing them without conscious(意识到的) effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently(永久的)by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However, even those extra few are of value, and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions of how to do it.
Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word, or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really conscientious(认真的), write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list — preferably using it in a sentence, or you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.
Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you already know. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read.
Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes, suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.
If you are studying a foreign language, be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited(继承) or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500 000～600 000 words from Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and German.
When you meet a new word in reading, what should you do?
A. Guess its meaning. B. Ask somebody.
C. Look it up in a dictionary. D. All of the above.
According to this passage, the best way to build a good vocabulary is _______.
A. to remember a lot B. to read a great deal
C. to take part in a lot of good talks D. both B and C
The phrase “be alert to” in the third paragraph may best be replaced by “_______”.
A. look at B. pay attention to
C. write down D. learn by heart
In the fourth paragraph, the word “them” refers to _______.
A. the parts of words B. prefixes
C. suffixes D. roots
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011—2012学年度山东省莘县实验高中高三9月月考英语卷 题型：完型填空
I work as a volunteer（志愿者）for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 36 him.
Before setting out, I told Barrett this trip would be tiring and 37. For the first two days, he said almost nothing. I worried the trip was too 38 for a 17-year-old. Then, on Day three, as we were 39 over high rocky mountains, he turned to me and grinned（咧嘴笑）, “Pretty hard. ”
After that there was no turning back. A five-year-old girl, wearing a dress several sizes 40 large and broken shoes, followed Barrett around, mesmerized （着迷）. He couldn’t stop 41 . Later he said 42. “I wish I could speak French.” I was 43－this from a boy who hated and 44 French classes throughout school.
Usually silent, he 45 Gaby, our host, and kept asking questions about the country and its people. He blossomed（活泼起来）.
46 , the moment that really took 47 breath away occurred in a village deep in the mountains. I was 48 a woman villager for an article. 135 centimeters tall, she was small in figure but strong in 49 . Through determination, she had learned to read and write, and 50 to become part of the leadership of the 51 .
Learning her story, Barrett was as 52 as I by this tiny woman’s achievements. His eyes were wet and there was a 53 of love and respect on his face. He had finally understood the importance of my work.
When leaving for home, Barrett even offered to stay 54 as a volunteer. My insides suddenly felt struck. This 55 achieved all I’d expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He’ll be a man.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江西省吉安中学高二下学期教学竞赛英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Endangered languages are languages that wouldn’t exist any longer, much like endangered species of plants or animals. Languages are considered to be endangered when parents are no longer teaching the language to their children and are not using it actively in everyday life. A language is considered to nearly disappear when it is spoken by only a few elderly native speakers.
The world faces enormous challenges in order to protect different kinds of languages. Of the more than 6,912 languages, half may be in danger of disappearing in the next several decades.
It is caused by many reasons: small numbers of speakers, the regular use of other languages, attitudes towards their languages, moving of the younger population, government policies, and languages used in education and so on. A language may lack important things such as a body of literature, and people who read and write it. A language may also lack prestige (声望) and support of its speakers.
The survival of a language is also threatened when speakers move to other areas where different languages are spoken, or when government policies improve the use of a specific language in school, official business and the media. These situations encourage people to learn the wider-known language and may cause them, especially the young, to stop using their mother tongue. Often those speaking lesser-known languages will choose to learn a more prestigious language with the hope of greater economic opportunities. Most of the world’s parents are teaching their children English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Russian or some other main languages instead of their own languages for social and economic reasons.
【小题1】What’s the main idea of this passage?
| A．Languages in the world. |
| B．Reasons why languages become endangered. |
| C．What an endangered language is. |
| D．Languages spoken by few speakers. |
| A．more than 6,912 | B．more than 3,456 | C．6,912 | D．less than 3,456 |
| A．forbid the speakers to move about |
| B．pass laws to protect the language |
| C．raise the salaries of the people who speak the language |
| D．teach the language to young children and encourage people to speak it often |
| A．many languages will be probably endangered in this century |
| B．government policies have a big effect on languages |
| C．the endangered language is a language that is spoken by a few people |
| D．languages are related to their speakers’ social and economic position |
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科目：高中英语 来源：语法填空 题型：阅读理解
Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands.’’ Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.’’ He is said to be “undersized.’’ with“short legs’’ and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description — it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：Other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose — and that is the point.
It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry：Doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.’’
Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s … face,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently ….” To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?’’ said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.
Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.
51. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ____ _______ ____.
A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history
C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details
52. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because _________.
A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms
B. the Tsar's peace terms were hard to accept
C. the Russians stopped his military movement
D. he didn’t have any more army to fight with
53. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?
A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him.
C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration.
54. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is _____ ______ ____.
A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests
B. fond of showing off his iron will
C. determined in destroying all of Europe
D. crazy for power and respect
55. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings.
B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way.
C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.
D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012届度山东省高三9月月考英语题 题型：完型填空
I work as a volunteer（志愿者）for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 36 him.
Before setting out, I told Barrett this trip would be tiring and 37. For the first two days, he said almost nothing. I worried the trip was too 38 for a 17-year-old. Then, on Day three, as we were 39 over high rocky mountains, he turned to me and grinned（咧嘴笑）, “Pretty hard. ”
After that there was no turning back. A five-year-old girl, wearing a dress several sizes 40 large and broken shoes, followed Barrett around, mesmerized （着迷）. He couldn’t stop 41 . Later he said 42. “I wish I could speak French.” I was 43 －this from a boy who hated and 44 French classes throughout school.
Usually silent, he 45 Gaby, our host, and kept asking questions about the country and its people. He blossomed（活泼起来）.
46 , the moment that really took 47 breath away occurred in a village deep in the mountains. I was 48 a woman villager for an article. 135 centimeters tall, she was small in figure but strong in 49 . Through determination, she had learned to read and write, and 50 to become part of the leadership of the 51 .
Learning her story, Barrett was as 52 as I by this tiny woman’s achievements. His eyes were wet and there was a 53 of love and respect on his face. He had finally understood the importance of my work.
When leaving for home, Barrett even offered to stay 54 as a volunteer. My insides suddenly felt struck. This 55 achieved all I’d expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He’ll be a man.
1.A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate
2.A. rough B. dangerous C. troublesome D. violent
3.A. little B. much C. fast D. slow
4.A. moving B. running C. climbing D. looking
5.A. too B. very C. even D. so
6.A. joking B. crying C. shouting D. smiling
7.A. patiently B. regretfully C. lightly D. cheerfully
8.A. ashamed B. disappointed C. determined D. surprised
9.A. took up B. went in for C. fought against D. called off
10.A. befriended B. disregarded C. avoided D. recognized
11.A. Thus B. Even C. Meanwhile D. However
12.A. my B. his C. our D. her
13.A. asking B. interviewing C. arranging D. describing
14.A. brain B. wish C. will D. health
15.A. appeared B. struggled C. hesitated D. failed
16.A. village B. city C. organization D. state
17.A. pleased B. bored C. puzzled D. touched
18.A. combination B. composition C. connection D. satisfaction
19.A. in B. behind C. out D. away
20.A. interview B. flight C. article D. trip
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