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Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ___________ we would have lost our way.


  1. A.
    it
  2. B.
    that
  3. C.
    this
  4. D.
    which
D
译文:露西金莉,我们得买本道路图,没有它,我要迷路的。
剖析:
A.it(它)代替上文指到的东西或事物;当不知道是男是女时,可指人。如:What's that?那是什么?
It's a cat.那是只猫。
Who is it?谁啊?
Its me.Lucy.是我,露西。
用作主语时,可表示时间、天气和距离等。
It's five thirty.五点半了。
It's hot today.今天天热。
It's a long way to go.还有很长的路要走。
It还可作先行词,作为句子的形式主语或宾语。
He found it very difficult to get to sleep.他发现很难入睡。
It's very interesting to talk with him.和他谈话很有意思。
C.this指示代词,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语,如:主语This is my mother。这是我的妈妈,宾语We should always keep this in mind.我们应当记住这一点,表语My idea is this.我的意见是这样的,定语Please give me this pen。请递给我这支笔,程度状语The tree is this high.这棵树有这么高,B和D是最难区分,最容易产生错误的地方,这里的which和that是关系代词,在定语从句中如何区别使用是本题的考点。
This Is the story from which we learned a lot.(which作介词from的宾语。)这里要强调的是,关系代词指物时,常用that而不用which,有下列情况。
(1)当先行词是everything,nothing,something,anything,all,little,much等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等词修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
(4)在there be句型引导的定语从句中关系代词作表语。
关系代词指代事物时,常用which而不用that的情况:
(1)在非限定性定语从句中。
(2)关系代词前有介词时。
(3)关系代词后有插入语时。
因而2004年(春)北京高考题,就是属于在关系代词前有介词的一类,只能选D。
基于前面的剖析,可见代词是高考单项填空中的一大检测点,笔者为了帮助同学们复习,特撰写一组这样的试题,供同学们使用。
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