Question

15．Most people usually travelled by ship and train which are driven by steam engine．It played an important part in many kinds of vehicles several scores of years ago．Who invented steam engine and what units could be used to measure the power of engine？
The word"horse-power"was first used two hundred years ago．James Watt from a worker's family made the world first widely used steam engine．At first，he couldn't tell people how powerful it was，because there were no units at that time．Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute．He named that unit one horse-power．In this way he could measure the work of his steam engine．
He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute．His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in oe minute．Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse，Watt called it a ten horse-power engine．

1．The main idea of the passage isB．
A．James Watt invented the steam engine
B．James Watt first used horse-power as a unit of measure
C．how much power does a horse have
D．why Watt's engine is called a ten horse-power engine
2．The story says that Watt made the firstD．
A．engine
B．horse-power engine
C．useful engine
D．widely used steam engine
3．James Watt was born inA．
A．a worker's family       B．a farmer's family
C．a teacher's family       D．a doctor's
4．Watt wanted to find a way toD．
A．measure the work his engine could do
B．tel people how powerful his engine was
C．lift a 3300-pound weight
D．both A and B
5．One horse-power means theA．
A．work a horse could do in a minute
B．weight a horse could do in ten minutes
C．work a horse could do in ten minutes
D．weight of one horse．

Answer 1

分析 本文是一篇人物故事类阅读．文章主要讲述了James Watt发明第一个被广泛使用的蒸汽机并第一次使用马力作为计量单位的故事．

解答 1-5 BDADA
1．B．主旨大意题．纵览全文并根据"The word"horse-power"was first used two hundred years ago．James Watt from a worker's family made the world first widely used steam engine．"可知文章主要介绍了James Watt第一次使用马力作为计量单位．故选B．
2．D．细节理解题．根据"James Watt from a worker's family made the world first widely used steam engine"可知James Watt做了第一个被广泛使用的蒸汽机．故选D．
3．A．细节理解题．根据"James Watt from a worker's family made the world first widely used steam engine．"可知James Watt出生在一个工人家庭．故选A．
4．D．细节理解题．根据"he couldn't tell people how powerful it was，because there were no units at that time．Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute．He named that unit one horse-power．In this way he could measure the work of his steam engine．"可知James Watt想找到一个方法测量发动机能做的工作，并告诉人们发动机有多强大．故选D．
5．A．推理判断题．根据"He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute．His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in oe minute．Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse，Watt called it a ten horse-power engine．"可知一马力相当于一分钟内一匹马所做的工作．故选A．

点评 本文是一篇人物故事类阅读．此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，再结合选项选出正确答案．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．在做主旨大意题时考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点，确定主旨．