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4.WASHINGTON,Nov.25 (Xinhua)--Air pollution is a major risk factor for heart disease,and women with diabetes (糖尿病) may be more likely to be influenced by its effects than others,a long-term U.S.study said Wednesday.
The study,published in the Journal of the American Heart Association,found that women with diabetes who are exposed (暴露) to air pollution for long periods may have a much higher risk for heart disease.
"We didn't expect diabetes to be the strongest factor in determining susceptibility (敏感性),"said the lead author Jaime Hart,an epidemiologist at the Boston-based Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health.
"We looked at age,family history of heart disease,weight,smoking status and areas of the country but diabetes was the most consistent across diseases and across different size fractions of particulate matter (PM),"Hart said.
The research team explored data from more than 100,000participants in a long-term study called the Nurses'Health Study,looking at rates of heart disease,specifically rates of stroke.
They assessed long-term exposure to three different sizes of particulate matter air pollution from 1989to 2006:Fine particulate pollutant smaller than 2.5thousandths of a millimeter in diameter (PM2.5),PM10and PM2.5-10.PM10includes both PM2.5and PM2.5-10.
While all women had small increases in risk of heart events with more air pollution exposure,the increased risk was statistically significant for women with diabetes.
According to the team,an increase of 10micrograms per cubic meter of air pollution in PM2.5,PM2.5-10and PM 10will raise a woman's risk of heart disease by 44percent,17percent and 19percent,separately,if she had type 2diabetes.
The team found that these effects were greater among women 70and older and obese women.
Since the study participants were mostly white women of middle-and upper-socioeconomic status,further research will be needed to determine if these patterns are also seen in men and in racially and socioeconomically diverse populations,they added.

61.According to the study,women with diabetes may be more likely to be affected byB.
A.a risk factor      B.air pollution      C.heart disease      D.areas
62.Which of the following was not involved in the study?C
A.Age.B.Weight.C.Height.D.Smoking status.
63.What can we learn from the passage?B
A.It is not necessary to do further research on men.
B.Air pollution puts women with diabetes at higher heart risk.
C.Most participants were women who were over 70years old.
D.The increase of PM per cubic meter has no effect on women's health.
64.In a newspaper,this passage is most probably in the part ofC.
A.Travel       B.Technology       C.Health       D.Fashion.

分析 本文为健康类阅读,文章主要讲空气污染会加速糖尿病妇女得心脏病的几率.

解答 61-64 BCBC
61.答案B.细节理解题.根据文章第一段"Air pollution is a major risk factor for heart disease,and women with diabetes (糖尿病) may be more likely to be influenced by its effects than others"可知,有糖尿病的妇女更容易受空气污染的影响,故选B.
62.答案C.细节理解题.根据第四段"We looked at age,family history of heart disease,weight,smoking status and areas of the country"可知,研究的时候调查了年龄、心脏病的家族史、体重、抽烟状况、及国家地区.没有提到身高,故选C.
63.答案B.推理判断题.根据倒数第三段"all women had small increases in risk of heart events with more air pollution exposure"可知,经常暴露于空气污染的妇女更容易猝发心脏病,故选B.
64.答案C.文章出处题.根据全文可知,这篇文章主要讲空气污染会加速糖尿病妇女得心脏病的几率,属于健康类,故选C.

点评 新闻广告类材料是热门考题.其文句简练,信息量大,句式使用简单,表达方式多样,但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的.
1.品位广告、新闻的标题,预测其内容.
阅读广告时,要注意广告中涉及的人物,物品,时间,数字,联系人及方式地址.阅读新闻时,要抓住新闻的特点即何时何处何人发生何事,其经过和结果怎样.
2.要抓住书写广告的文体或图片,注意用大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字.
3.解题技巧
  ①快速浏览广告、新闻,从标题中预测内容及涉及的类别.
  ②浏览问题,寻找答案.注意地点和时间的多样化造成的误选.
  ③复读材料,核实答案.

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However,the reality is that,like many landlords,the insolvency of most renters will finally make the retrofitting an empty talk.Besides,the cost of retrofitting should not fall on any one group as this work is done to prevent people from being killed in earthquakes.Protecting buildings serves the interests of renters,property owners and the city as a whole,which qualifies it as a matter of public safety issue so that L.A.government needs to find ways to shoulder some burden of the cost.
It has been decided by the city government that the government will get involved,trying to find ways to reduce costs for landlords for the retrofitting projects,and the government is establishing a law to create a tax reduction for retrofitting for landlords.It's not clear at this point how much tax the state could afford to give up,or how much tax cut owners can get.Some even say that the actual financial assistance landlords can get is far less than is expected.However,what it's known definitely now is that Los Angeles must not allow retrofitting to be put off although the money issue poses a big problem.The bottom line is the human life rather than money.

74.According to the passage,which issue is the most essential in deciding the future of the city's retrofitting project?D
A.Having all the parties involved aware of the importance of retrofitting.
B.Making a list of all the buildings that were built before a certain date.
C.Deciding professionally on whether the listed buildings need retrofitting.
D.Working out adequate ways to provide financial support for retrofitting.
75.According to the passage,the underlined word insolvencyis closest in meaning toA.
A.not having enough money to pay debts
B.poor relationship with landlords
C.unwillingness to participate
D.unfair treatment received
76.Which of the following is implied about the retrofitting project?C
A.Most L.A.apartments are of Soft wood frame or of weak concrete.
B.According to L.A.rent law,landlords and renters share the cost for retrofit work.
C.According to government decision,owners will mainly be responsible for the retrofit.
D.Government will pay mainly for the retrofitting work as it relates with people's life.
77.What is the main idea of the passage?B
A.The likelihood of weak apartment falling in big earthquakes.
B.The background of LA apartment retrofit and its financial solution.
C.The argument between landlords,renters and governments over money issues.
D.The importance of LA government's involvement in life-saving projects.

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