Question

An Australian researcher is urging parents to load up their teenager’s backpack and make them walk to school.

Professor Leon Straker says students who walk or cycle to school are less likely to have back and neck pain. But the study of 1,202 Western Australian 14­year­old found that 72% of students travelled to school by car or bus. Straker says the study suggests walking or cycling while carrying a schoolbag helps improve trunk (躯干) and spinal (脊柱的) muscle strength.

This helps reduce back pain because greater muscle strength improves support for the back during load carrying .Despite advocating that parents get their children moving，Straker warns bag load should not exceed (超过) 15% of body weight.

Straker says the study also stresses that neck pain is as common as back pain among young teenagers. This is an area that has been largely ignored，he says，but can be an important indicator of neck pain into adulthood.

For the study，students were asked a series of questions such as how long they carried their bags for，how they carried their schoolbags，the method of travel，and their perceptions(感觉) about the bag’s weight.

Straker says about half of all participants experienced back and neck pain，with slightly more females reporting neck pain. However，the gender (性别) difference may also be due to the fact that females have lower pain tolerance.

Studies from the 1980s found carrying a bag over one shoulder was most common among teenagers. However in this study 85% of participants carried their bag over both shoulders.

Straker believes the change has been driven partly through education campaigns，but also by increasing fashion status of backpacks and improved design.

1.In the opinion of Leon Straker，parents should________.

A．reduce the load of their children’s schoolbags

B．put more books in their children’s schoolbags

C．get their children’s schoolbags ready for school

D．ask their children to walk to school carrying schoolbags

2.If a child weighs 40 kilograms，the weight of his schoolbag should be________.

A．no more than 15 kg

B．less than 6 kg

C．as heavy as 9 kg

D．more than 6 kg

3.We can learn from the passage that________.

A．most of the students in Australia walk to school

B．neck pain is uncommon among young teenagers

C．walking while carrying a backpack helps reduce back pain

D．males are more likely to experience back pain than females

4.According to the passage，what change has taken place since the 1980s?

A．How students carry their schoolbags.

B．How heavy students’ schoolbags are.

C．How students go to school every day.

D．How long students carry their schoolbags for.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文叙述了为了孩子的健康问题专家建议，不要让孩子坐车去上学，而是要背着书包走着去上学，当然背包的重量不要超过孩子体重的15%，或者让孩子骑着自行车去上学。这样做的好处是能够加强脊柱肌肉的力量和缓解背痛的问题。

1.细节理解题。根据An Australian researcher is urging parents to load up their teenager’s backpack and make them walk to school.澳大利亚一位研究人员敦促家长装载他们的青少年的背包,让他们走路上学故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据Straker warns bag load should not exceed (超过) 15% of body weight.故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据Straker says the study suggests walking or cycling while carrying a schoolbag helps improve trunk (躯干) and spinal (脊柱的) muscle strength.和

This helps reduce back pain because greater muscle strength improves support for the back during load carrying .背书包上学可以缓解背痛的问题，故选C。

4.细节理解题。根据Studies from the 1980s found carrying a bag over one shoulder was most common among teenagers. However in this study 85% of participants carried their bag over both shoulders.研究从20世纪80年代发现单肩背书包青少年中很流行。然而在这项研究中,85%的人现在是双肩背包很受欢迎。故选A。

考点：健康保健类短文阅读。

点评：细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。