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    　　Industrial pollution is not only a problem for the countries of Europe and North America．It is an extremely serious problem in some developing countries．For these countries, economic growth is a very important aim．They want to introduce Industries, and so they put few controls on Industries which cause pollution．

    　　Cubatao, an Industrial town of 85 000 people in Brazil, is an example of the connection between Industrial development an pollution．In 1954, Cubatao had no Industry．Today it has more than twenty large factories, which produce many pollutant(污染物)．The people of the town are suffering from the poisonous things in the surroundings(环境)，and the bad effects can be clearly seen．Birth shortcomings(生育缺陷)are extremely common．Among children and grown-ups, lung problems are sometimes twelve time more common in Cubatao than in other places．

    　　It is true that Brazil, like many other countries, has against pollution, but these laws are not carried out strictly enough．It is cheaper for companies to pay the fines(罚款)than to buy the expensive equipment that will reduce pollution．It is clear, therefore, that economic growth is more important to the government than the health of the workers．However, the responsibility(责任)does not completely lie with the Brazilian government．The example of Cubatao shows that international companies are not acting in a responsible way either．A number of the factories in the town are owned by large companies from France, Italy and the USA．They are doing things in Brazil that they would not be able to do at home．If they caused the same amount of pollution at home, they would be severely(严厉地)punished or even put out of business．

    (1)

    Some developing countries don’t have strict pollution controls because ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    the new Industries they want to introduce don’t cause much pollution

    B．

    they don’t realize the bad effect of pollution

    C．

    they don’t realize the balance of nature will be destroyed by pollutants

    D．

    if they put strict controls on Industry, few companies would build new plants in these countries

    (2)

    The author takes Cubatao as an example to show ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    industrial development can cause serious problems of pollution

    B．

    pollution in Brazil is becoming serious

    C．

    many people are affected by pollution in Brazil

    D．

    the Brazilian government has no control over pollution

    (3)

    Which of the following statements describes the health state of the people in Cubatao?

    [　　]

    A．

    The people who live near the chemical factories are very likely to suffer from heart diseases．

    B．

    Many people suffer from lung diseases because of the pollution．

    C．

    Their health is affected the same way as that of the Brazilians．

    D．

    Babies are all found not as bright as those in other places．

    (4)

    From this passage we can see that ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    the Brazilian government does not care about the health of its people

    B．

    Brazil has no laws against pollution

    C．

    the Brazilian government fails to realize the seriousness of pollution

    D．

    laws against pollution are not carried out strictly in Brazil

    (5)

    Some foreign companies like to set up plants in Brazil because ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    they think Brazil is suitable for them to invest(投资)in

    B．

    they won’t be seriously punished in Brazil if they cause pollution

    C．

    they can make much money and don’t have to pay Brazilian workers much

    D．

    in Brazil there are no laws against pollution

    答案：1．D;2．A;3．B;4．D;5．D;
    解析：

    (1)

    由第一段最后一句话“They want to introduce Industries, and so they put few controls on Industries which cause pollution．”可知。

    (2)

    第一段阐述工业污染严重是某些发展中国家的严重问题；第二段阐述Cubatao工业污染严重。所以由此可知作者把Cubatao当作展示工业发展会引起严重污染的一个例子。

    (3)

    由第二段第五、六句话可知Cubatao工业污染不仅造成人的生育缺陷，也使得此地大人、儿童的肺病是其他地区的十二倍。

    (4)

    由第三段第一句话可知，Brazil有控制污染的法律，但这些法律并没有被严格地执行。

    (5)

    由第三段最后两句话可知，有些外国公司如果在本国污染严重就会受到严厉的惩罚或停业，但在Brazil不会。


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    阅读理解

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