Question

Most of us are used to seasons. Each year, spring follows winter, which follows autumn, which follows summer, which follows spring. And winter is colder than summer. But the earth goes through temperature cycles over much longer periods than those that we experience. Between 65,000 and 35,000 years ago, the planet was much colder than it is now. During that time the temperature also changed a lot, with periods of warming and cooling. Ice melted during the warm periods, which made sea levels rise. Water froze again during the cold periods.

A new study from Switzerland, sheds light on where ice sheets melted during the ice age. It now seems that the ice melted at both ends of the earth, rather than just in either northern or southern regions.

This surprised the researchers from the University of Bern. Scientists have long assumed that most of the ice that melted was in the Northern hemisphere(半球) during the 30,000-year long ice age. That belief was held because the North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by the Antarctic Ocean. It is easier for ice sheets to grow on land. If surrounded by sea the ice can easily just slip into the ocean instead of building up.

The researchers used a computer model to look at ways the ice could melt and how it might affect sea levels. They compared these results to evidence of how temperatures and currents actually changed during that time. The model showed that if it was only in the Northern hemisphere that ice melted, there would have been a bigger impact(影响) on ocean currents(洋流) and sea temperatures than what actually happened. Studies suggest that melting just in the Southern hemisphere would have been impossible, too. The only reasonable conclusion, the scientists could make, was that ice melted equally in the North and the South.

It is still a mystery as to what caused the temperature changes that caused the ice to melt.

1.The North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by the Antarctic Ocean. So scientists thought that ________.

A. most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere

B. most of the ice melted in the Southern hemisphere

C. The North Pole is colder than South Pole

D. The South Pole is colder than North Pole

2.We can infer from the passage ________.

A. the ice can easily just slip into the ocean

B. volcanoes caused the ice to melt

C. melting just in the Northern hemisphere would have been impossible

D. researchers often use the computer models help their research work.

3.The scientists are not sure ________.

A. how long the ice age lasted

B. where ice sheets melted during the ice age

C. what caused the temperature changes

D. what the earth is made up of

4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. A computer model

B. Studies show ice melted equally in the North and the South during the ice age

C. Most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere during the 30,000-year long ice age.

D. A survey result

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.A

2.C

3.C

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：

1.细节题。根据第 3 段第 2,3 句 scientists have long assumed that most of the ice that melted was in the northern hemisphere during the 30,000-year long ice age. that belief was held because the north pole is surrounded by land… 可知答案。选A。

2.推理判断题。根据第 4 段最后两句可 studies suggest that melting just in the southern hemisphere would have been impossible, too. the only reasonable conclusion… 可知冰川既不可能只在南半球融化，也不可能只在北半球融化。故答案为 C。

3.细节题。根据文章最后一句 it is still a mystery as to what caused the temperature changes that caused the ice to melt 可知科学家们现在还没有找到引起温度变化的原因。选C。

4.主旨大意题。根据主题句 ice melted equally in the north and the south 可知本文主要讲的一个新的科学发现：冰川时期的冰川融化是在南北极均匀进行的。选B。

考点：考查科普类短文

点评：本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息?或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法?即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。