Question

I.阅读理解

A [2015 .福建漳州市八校高三联考] Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition "depending on who needs it".

Nitrogen(氣)and carbon are shared through miles of un?derground fungi (真菌)networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元)in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about "mother trees", usually the largest and oldest trees on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down " mother trees" with no awareness of these highly complex "tree societies" or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

"We didn't take any notice of it. ，， Simard says sadly. "Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dy?ing, but we never give them chance. ，， If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.

1.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.     Old trees communicate like humans

B.     Young trees are in need of protection

C.     Trees contribute to our society

D.     Trees are more complex than you think

2. In Simard's opinion, trees .

 A.     compete for survival

B.     protect their own wealth

C.     depend on each other

D.     provide support for dying trees

3. We can learn from the passage that_____________ .

A. "mother trees" are usually of no use to other trees

B.     Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard

C.     if "mother trees" are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected

D.   people know much about the complex " tree societies"
4.  The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to

A.     how "tree societies" work

B.     how trees grow old

C.     how forestry industry develops

D.     how young trees survive

Answer 1

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A [文章大意]本文是一篇环保议论文，主要介绍Simard的观点：树与树之间会相互合作和支持，传递相互需要的营养来生存。

1.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段"Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?"和第二段"UBC Professor Si?mard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined."可知，文章介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，而是相互依赖的关系。快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树，让它们更好地成长。树木比我们想象的要复杂。故选D项。

2.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"…trees survive through their cooperation and support, passing around necessary nutrition 'de?pending on who needs it ，."可知Simard不同意达尔文"适者生存"的理论，Simard的观点和达尔文的相反，她认为树是彼此依赖的。故选C项。

3.C 推理判断题。根据文章第四段"When humans cut down 'mother trees' with no awareness of these highly complex 'tree societies' or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest."可知,mother trees被砍倒会影响整个森林的生存。故选C项。

4.A词义猜测题。it出现在文章最后一段，实际上it指代的是第四段提到的内容，人们砍倒mother trees时是不知道"树的社会" 的依存关系的，由此可知it指的是"树的社会"是怎么运作的。故选A项。