Question

15．How do you address（称呼） people in English when you want to talk to them？The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow．
    1．When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English．Usually，if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as"Excuse me"．
    2．In British English，"Sir"and"Madam"are considered to be too formal（正式） for most situations．They are used mostly to customers（顾客） in shops or restaurants．While in American English，"Sir"and"Madam"are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers，especially with older people whose names you don't know．
   3．When you talk to some people you know，you can use their names．If you are friends，use their first names； if your relationship is more formal，use"Mr"，"Mrs"，"Ms"，etc．before their family names．
   4．There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers．However，many of these are limited in use．For example，"pal"and"mate"can be used between strangers，but are usually only used by men talking to other men．
24．According to the passage，"Excuse me"is mainly used toC．
A．address a person you don't know    
B．apologize to others
C．catch the attention of a stranger       
D．suggest good manners
25．If John Smith is your best friend，according to the passage you should often call himA．
A．John        
B．Smith     
C．Mr John      
D．Mr Smith
26．Which of the following is NOT true？B
A．"Sir"and"Madam"are used more often in America than in England．
B．People often use"Mr"，"Mrs"or"Ms"before the first names of those people who they    don't know very well．
C．"Pal"and"mate"are usuall y only used between men．
D．While addressing friends，people just use their first names
27．The passage is most likely taken from an EnglishA．
A．textbook      
B．card      
C．st orybook       
D．grammar book．

Answer 1

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在英国如何称呼别人的一些小技巧，

解答 24．C．细节理解题．根据第一条…if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as"Excuse me"可知"对不起"主要用于抓住一个陌生人的注意；故选C．
25．A．细节理解题．根据第三条If you are friends，use their first names可知如果约翰•史密斯是你最好的朋友你应该称呼他为约翰；故选A．
26．B．细节理解题．根据原文可知A、B、C三项说法是正确的；根据第三条…if your relationship is more formal，use"Mr．"，"Mrs．""Ms．"，etc，before their family names可知B项是错误的，故选B．
27．A．推理判断题．根据常识可知，card，storybook，grammar book一般不会有这样的文章，只有textbook中才可能有这样的文章．故选A．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．