Question

“I stepped out and was flabbergasted,” local journalist Bahram Baloch told the BBC. “I could see this gray, dome-shaped (圆顶形的) body in the distance, like a giant whale swimming near the surface. Hundreds of people had gathered to watch it in disbelief.”
This island has become a global curiosity. How was it formed in just a few minutes?
As you might already know, many islands in the sea are formed by volcanoes. There are numerous volcanoes under the sea. As the hot lava erupts and cools down, it piles up and forms the shape of a mountain. When the mountain “grows” to higher than the sea level, the part that’s above the water is what we call an “island”.
This is how the island was formed after the Pakistan earthquake, except that instead of a regular volcano, it was a “mud volcano” that brought about this island. Lava is not the only thing that’s locked under the Earth’s crust — there is also gas. When an earthquake happens and breaks part of the crust, the gas is released at an extremely high speed, pushing mud up to the surface, according to National Geographic.
But only earthquakes that are extremely powerful can cause mud volcanoes to push up enough mud to produce islands — and this 7.7-magnitude earthquake in Pakistan was strong enough. The island is about 20 meters high, up to about 90 meters wide and 30 meters long, nearly the size of a soccer field.
In fact, mud volcano islands aren’t new. This is the fourth island of this kind in the region since 1945. But those islands usually didn’t last long.
“It will probably be gone within a couple of months,” said Bill Barnhart, a researcher with the US Geological Survey. After all, “it’s just a big pile of mud that was on the seafloor that got pushed up”

1. 1.
   What is the article mainly about?
   1. A.
      The disastrous effects of coastal earthquakes
   2. B.
      The difference between mud volcanoes and regular volcanoes
   3. C.
      How islands are formed by mud volcanoes
   4. D.
      The great natural wonders of Pakistan
2. 2.
   The underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
   1. A.
      surprised
   2. B.
      disappointed
   3. C.
      worried
   4. D.
      curious
3. 3.
   We can infer from the article that ______.
   1. A.
      the new island near the coast of Pakistan actually took a few months to form
   2. B.
      scientists still know little about different types of volcanoes
   3. C.
      another earthquake is likely to happen in Pakistan within a couple of months
   4. D.
      not all volcanoes change the geological appearance of the Earth
4. 4.
   According to the article, islands formed by mud volcanoes ______.
   1. A.
      are quite difficult to locate
   2. B.
      usually disappear after a short period of time
   3. C.
      are formed by hot lava from volcanoes
   4. D.
      used to be part of the Earth’s crust

Answer 1

CADB
试题分析：文章报道了巴基斯坦发生7.7级地震，让人惊讶的是地震导致一个岛屿的形成，文章介绍关于这些岛是由火山的泥浆形成的，而且不会存在很长时间。
1.细节题：从第三段的句子：This island has become a global curiosity. How was it formed in just a few minutes?可知这篇文章是关于这些岛是怎样由火山的泥浆形成的。选C
2.猜词题：从第一段的内容和第二段的句子：Hundreds of people had gathered to watch it in disbelief.”可知作者出来看见这个岛很惊讶。选A
3.推理题：从倒数第三段的句子：But only earthquakes that are extremely powerful can cause mud volcanoes to push up enough mud to produce islands 可知只有足够大的地震会导致泥浆火山推出足够的泥浆形成岛屿。所以不是每个火山都会改变地球的地理面貌的。选D
4.细节题：从倒数第二段的句子：But those islands usually didn’t last long.和最后一段的句子： “It will probably be gone within a couple of months,” 可知这种火山泥浆形成的岛不会存在很长时间。选B。
考点：考查新闻报道类短文