The brain is the most complex organ in human body. It produces our every thought, action, memory, feeling and experience of the world. It weighs in at around 1.4 kilograms, contains one hundred billion neurons（中子）.
Each neuron can make contact with thousands or even tens of thousands of others. Our brains form a million new connections every second of our lives. The pattern and strength of the connections are constantly changing and no two brains are alike.
While people often speak of their “grey matter”, the brain also contains white matter. The grey matter is the cell bodies of the neurons, while the white matter is the branching network of thread-like tendrils（卷须）that spread out from the cell bodies to connect to other neurons.
Brain structure is shaped partly by genes, but largely by experience. The brain has bursts（突发）of growth and then periods of consolidation（巩固）when many connections are reduced. The most notable bursts are in the first two or three years of life, during puberty（青春期）, and also a final burst in young adulthood.
How a brain ages also depends on genes and lifestyle too. Exercising the brain and giving it the right diet can be just as important as it is for the rest of the body.
The neurons in our brains communicate in a variety of ways. Signals pass between them by the release and capture of neurochemicals.
It is often said that the right part of the brain is more creative and emotional while the left deals with logic（逻辑）, but the reality is not so simple. However, they do have some specialisations, with the left dealing with speech and language, the right with spatial（空间）and body awareness.
The vast majority of the brain activity is subconscious, but our conscious thoughts, feelings and awareness--what define us as humans--cannot yet be explained in terms of brain activity.
(1)What is the passage mainly about?
[ ]
(2)If you feel cold, what part of the brain is playing a role?
[ ]
(3)Why are no brains alike?
[ ]
A．They have different weight.
B．The numbers of neurons are different.
C．Some brains only contain grey matter.
D．The connections of neurons are changing.
(4)What can be inferred from the passage?
[ ]
A．The brain doesn’t need to be trained.
B．Brains grow faster when you get older.
C．Brain activity cannot explain all human behaviours.
D．The neurons communicate only through neurochemicals.
步步高达标卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
From the very beginning, Martin felt that he was bound up with（与……紧紧地在一起）his lovely little patient. One day, following some tests , Betty gave the doctor a big hug（拥抱）.
A few months later the doctor removed not only the tumour（肿瘤）, but also the entire lower left side of Betty’s gum（牙龈）and jawbone. Because Betty was so young, Martin was hopeful that her jawbone might regenerate.
Within three months, Betty’s tumour grew as large as an orange, changing the natural appearance of the left side of her small, delicate （ = thin; not strong）face. Soon she couldn’t even close her mouth, and as her eating problems worsened, Betty ‘s weight dropped from 20 kilos to 15. Martin knew from experience that it might invade the brain.
The only other possibility was thorough radiation therapy （放射疗法）. Night after night, Betty's father gave her injection, but the tumour remained as big as ever. Then one evening. Morgan noticed that the tumour had begun to change. It was actually becoming smaller! For two months her tumour appeared to be going away for ever. In the coming months, Betty’s tumour continued to appear. She was able to eat solid food once again. Her jawbone was regenerating. The tumour was gone.
If Betty’s jawbone didn’t regenerate, the doctors ________ .
A. would rebuild her jaw
B. would continue the treatment
C. would use new medicine
D. could do nothing else
If the brain should be invaded, the result would ________.
A. prevent her growth
B. reduce her weight
C. cause her brain damaged
D. affect her eyesight
What did the doctors do two months later?
A. They continued their observations.
B. They gave up the operation on Betty.
C. They found out what caused Betty’s strange disease.
D. They declared that Betty’s strange disease was cured.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012届江西省白鹭洲中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)________________________
【小题2】Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
【小题3】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
【小题4】What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】What does the word "they" (Line 2, Paragraph 3) probably refer to？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江西省白鹭洲中学高二下学期第三次月考英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
【小题3】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
【小题4】What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
【小题5】What does the word “they” (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015届江苏阜宁县沟墩中学高一下期期末考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：填空题
阅读填空
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
1.What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
4.What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
5.What does the word “they” (Line2, paragraph3)probably refer to? (no more than 8 words)
______________________________________________________________________
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江西省高三上学期第一次月考英语试题 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the "Flynn effect". Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the "most costly organ in the human body". Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development________________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national "disease burdens" (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
1.What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)________________________
2.Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
___________
4.What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What does the word "they" (Line 2, Paragraph 3) probably refer to？(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
查看答案和解析>>
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