Question

19．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
          2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Two men were traveling together while a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that he must be attacked，immediate lay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose and smelt him all over，he held breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touches a dead body．When he was gone，the other travelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered to his ear．"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never to travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：本文是一则寓言故事．  两个人一起走着．途中，突然有一只熊与他们相遇，其中有一个以极快的速度爬到树上，隐藏在树枝丛中．而另外一个快要被袭击了，
他就立刻平躺在地上，熊来到后在他的身上嗅来嗅去，他屏着呼吸，并尽量装出一副死人的样子．熊不久就离开他了，因为据说熊是不吃死人的．树上的人下来后，问滑稽地问熊在他耳边说了什么．"他给了我一个建议，"他的同伴说道，"不要与一个在危难面前丢弃你的人一起同行"．

解答 Two men were traveling together while  a bear suddenly met them．One of them climbed up into the tree．The other，seeing that 
                                                 when                                                                                   a
he must be attacked，immediatelay on his back on the ground．When the bear came up，feeling him with his nose 
                                 immediately                                                                             felt
and smelt him all over，he held∧breath．The bear soon left him，for it's said that a bear won't touchesa dead body．
                                             his                                                                                               touch
When he was gone，the othertravelers went down from the tree．And he asked his friend that the bear had whispered tohis ear．
                                         traveler                                                                           what                                   in
"He gave me a piece of advice，"his companion replied．"Never  to  travel with a friend who deserts you in the face of danger．"
                                                                                               去掉to
1．while 改为when 考查连词．本句中表示"就在此时"，后面是瞬间动词，不可以用while．
2．the改为a，考查冠词，某个可数名词单数第一次出现一般用不定冠词．
3．immediate改为immediately，考查副词，本句中修饰动词，所以用副词形式．
4．feeling改为felt，考查非谓语动词． 本句中前面是主句部分，后面应该是分词作状语．feel和主语是主动关系，所以用现在分词．
5．held∧加his，考查人称代词． hold one's breath 是固定短语，中间需要用物主代词．
6．touches改为touch，考查动词适当形式．位于won't 后面应该是用动词原形．
7．travelers改为traveler，考查名词单复数．本文出现两个人，一个…，另一个…，所以用单数形式．
8．that改为what．考查名词性从句． ask后面有宾语从句，从句中whisper缺少宾语，所以用what．
9．to改为in 考查介词搭配．whisper in one's ear，意思是在某人的耳朵里低语．
10．去掉to，考查不定式．本句为祈使句，祈使句是以动词原形开头，不需要to．

点评 改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．
做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系．