Where do dogs come from?
Gray wolves are their ancestors. Scientists are pretty consistent about that. And researchers have suggested that dogs’ origins can date back to Europe, the Near East, Siberia and South China. Central Asia is the newest and best candidate, according to a large study of dogs from around the world.
Laura M. Shannon and Adam R. Boyko at Cornell University, and an international group of other scientists, studied not only purebred(纯种的) dogs, but also street or village dogs.
Dr. Shannon analyzed three different kinds of DNA, Dr. Boyko said, the first time this has been done for such a large and diverse group of dogs from 38 countries. And that led them to Central Asia as the place of origin for dogs in much the same way that genetic studies have located the origin of modern humans in East Africa.
The analysis, Dr. Boyko said, pointed to Central Asia, as the place where “all the dogs alive today” come from. The data did not allow precise dating of the origin, he said, but showed it occurred at least 15,000 years ago.
Greger Larson of Oxford University, who is leading a large international effort to analyze ancient DNA from fossilized bones, said he was impressed by the study. “It’s really great to see not just the number of street dogs, but also the geographic breadth and the number of remote locations where the dogs were sampled,” he said in an email. He also praised the sampling of different kinds of DNA and the analytic methods.
Dr. Larson, who was not involved with the study, said he thought the Central Asia finding required further testing. He said he suspected that the origins of modern dogs were “extremely messy” and that no amount of sampling of living populations will be definitive. He said a combination of studies of modern and ancient DNA is necessary.
1.According to the research on a large number of dogs, we can know____________.
A. dogs mainly lived in Europe and the Far East
B. dogs would like to live in Central Asia
C. dogs’ ancestors come from gray wolves
D. the Near East has many gray wolves
2.What can we infer from what Dr. Boyko said?
A. There are three different kinds of DNA in dogs.
B. This is the second time they have done so many dogs.
C. They only do research on village dogs from many countries.
D. Modern humans are from East Africa while dogs come from Central Asia.
3.Greger Larson got a very deep impression of his study because he____________.
A. found the study based on many different dogs and the sample dogs’ remote locations
B. saw the number of street dogs from fossilized bones
C. watched the geographic breadth of the sampled dogs
D. praised his teammates for their hard work on the dogs
4.Who wasn’t engaged in the study of dogs’ origins?
A. Laura M. Shannon B. Adam R. Boyko
C. Shannon and Boyko D. Greger Larson
夺冠训练单元期末冲刺100分系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北广平县第一中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（E=AB, F=AC, G=AD）
Benefits of summer camps for kids
Summer camps are great for children of all ages. If you go to a summer camp as a child, you are likely to have good memories of things you did and people you met. With more and more children sitting inside playing computer games, the importance of camps has never been greater. ___1.___
Getting in touch with nature is an exciting experience. __2.___ They will enjoy the experiences of camping, hiking and exploring in forests, deserts or on the seashore. They can also enjoy the beauty of nature and learn about the importance of environmental protection.
Activities at summer camps stress the importance of teamwork. _3.__ Throughout life, people have to be comfortably operating as part of a team in order to be successful. Summer camps teach kids how to be productive members of a team.
___4.__Whether they are afraid of heights, water, the dark or being away from home, they are encouraged to face them and deal with them in an environment surrounded by supportive people. __5.___ It is also a valuable life lesson that will help them through adulthood.
Summer camps are perfect ways for kids to have fun and develop themselves. So parents should try to find out what interests their kids, and choose the right camp for them.
A. Kids can make friends there.
B. Many activities there are designed to stress it.
C. Kids can learn about the natural world at camps.
D. So kids gain courage and confidence by challenging themselves.
E. In fact, staying healthy is not the only benefit kids can get from it.
F. Learning to live on their own may be an extremely hard lesson for kids.
G. Having the courage to face fears is another skill kids can learn at camps.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东汕头金山中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
I want to buy that kind of cloth because I __________ the cloth _________ well.
A. have told; washed B. have been told; washes
C. have been told; washed D. was told; washed
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届内蒙古巴彦淖尔杭锦后旗奋斗中学高三下模拟2英语卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Long ago, an Ojibway Indian naming Wenibojo went on a long trip to the forest. When he got hunger, he dug up the roots of a bush and ate them. The roots were tasted good, but they made him sick. Wenibojo looked for everything better to eat. Suddenly he heard the sounds of ducks nearby. He followed the sounds from a beautiful lake, which the ducks were eating plants. Wenibojo tasted one. To his surprise, it was wild rice! He returned his village to tell the people there about the special food. Nowadays, the Ojibways still harvests rice, but only as many as they need. They always left some rice on the farm so that the ducks can eat.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届内蒙古巴彦淖尔杭锦后旗奋斗中学高三下模拟2英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Quicker and faster 3-D printers have allowed not just amazing objects to be created, but have started to affect how doctors treat patients.
We’ve put together a list of some of the most amazing medical breakthroughs made possible with 3-D printing.
Life-Saving Airway
In 2013, doctors created a new airway for kaiba Gionfriddo, a boy born with an airway that kept collapsing (萎陷). To save his life doctors printed tiny tubes to join together in different shapes and sizes until one finally worked for Kaiba. It was placed in Kaiba’s bronchus (支气管) so that it no longer collapsed. Even more remarkably, once the plant was placed it could stay there. It’s designed to eventually be absorbed into the body.
New “Bionic” Hands
One of the most remarkable ways 3-D printing is now being used is as a way to create prosthetics (假肢). A boy born without an arm named Alex was able to get a new“bionic”hand thanks to it. Last year a college student spent 8 weeks coming up with a special prosthetic design that only cost a few hundred dollars in materials. He said he wanted to create a prosthetic far cheaper than other choices that can run tens of thousands of dollars.
A practice Heart
In Seattle, doctors have been able to use 3-D printing technology to“practice”risky operations so that they will face fewer surprises in the operating room. Kami Sutton was born with her heart“in the wrong place”. For a recent operation her doctor was able to take many scans of Sutton’ s heart and print out a model. “Kami’s heart is truly one-of-a-kind,”Dr. Stephan Seslar, a heart disease specialist said. “Operating on her without understanding the structure of her heart better could be very dangerous.”
A New Skull
A U.K. man was able to have part of his skull rebuilt thanks to a 3-D printer. Stephen Power broke his cheek bones in a crash. To help Power his doctors instead created 3-D bones all carefully printed in the shape of his face. “This is really the first time we’ve taken it to this stage, where everything has been planned and modeled in advance — and worked sweetly,”said Adrian Sugar, a doctor.
1.What is special about the 3-D printed airway?
A．It uses high-tech materials.
B．It varies in shapes and sizes.
C．It can be absorbed by the body.
D．It can prevent any disease in the airway.
2.What is the advantage of the new“bionic”hand?
A．Its price. B．Its effects.
C．Its materials. D．Its shape design.
3.How can 3-D printing technology help doctors in the operating room?
A．It helps them get better scans.
B．It guarantees the success of operations.
C．It enables them to practice and learn more.
D．It helps them to deal with patents, anxiety.
4.What does Adrian Sugar think of the new skull printed by 3-D technology?
A．He has doubts about it.
B．He thinks highly of it.
C．It needs to be better planned.
D．It functions well but needs improving.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届湖南长沙明德中学高三下学期第八次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Honesty play an important role in our daily life. It is not only the best policies, but a principle of dealing with affairs. Take the friendship for example. If you are honest man, your friends will be honest to you on return. When you are sad, he will comfort you; when you were in trouble, they will help you. However, if you are a dishonest man, and your friends will leave you alone sooner or late. What’s worse, you will be looked down upon by them and regard as a public enemy. In short, honesty is very important in our daily life. Honesty is absolute essential for a good and happy life.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届湖南长沙明德中学高三下学期第八次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Bayfield Shopping Coupons (赠券)
1. Six Hours Free Parking
If you spend $100 or more in our stores you will receive six hours of free parking. When you have spent $100 or more, just take this coupon and your receipts to the customer service desk on level 4. They will stamp your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking.
Offer until November 14.
2. Win a $1,000 CD Collection
Win your choice of $1,000 worth of CDs from JB Music Store. Just buy any two CDs and your name will go into the competition. Select your own prize from our wide variety of rock, pop, jazz, and classical music.
Competition ends November 14. Prize drawn on November 21.
Check store for more information.
3. Buy One, Get One Free
Buy one shirt or tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get another shirt or tie of the same value free.
Choose from any of our dress shirts and we will give you another one at no cost.
Hurry! Offer ends November 14. Offer limited to one per customer.
4. 10％ Off
Present this coupon at The Book Store to get a 10％discount on any books you buy.
We have lots of books to choose from, including children’s books, novels, travel guides, and science works. You are sure to find something that you will enjoy. Shop now for Christmas. We have plenty of toys as gifts for you and avoid the rush.
Offer here until November 14.
5. Half-price Movie Tickets
Buy any full-price movie ticket on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, and you can buy a second ticket for a friend for only half price. The latest movies are here, showing in one of our five theaters at Bayfield Shopping Center.
Offer good through December 1. Limit one per customer.
6. Free Soft Drink
Buy any meal for at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free soft drink. We serve the best fast food in the Shopping Centre. Come in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service.
You won’t be disappointed! Free soft drink offer ends November 14.
1.What are these ads for?
A. Food you can order for delivery.
B. Places to go on vacation.
C. Things on sale in a big store.
D. Special offers at a shopping center.
2.Which of the following is true according to the ads?
A. Spending $ 50 means 3 hours of free parking.
B. One person can buy 4 tickets for the price of three.
C. After buying two CDs, you can get another two CDs for free.
D. At Mike’s Cafe, people can get a free drink after spending $ 6.
3.We can know from this passage_________.
A. there are more than one theatre in the center
B. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the price
C. you may get a free one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoes
D. you won’t enjoy the wonderful service at Mike’s Café
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖南衡阳八中高二下学期第一次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The Great Plague(瘟疫) of London in 1665 was the last in a long senies of plague that first began in London in June 1499.1t killed between 75,000 and 100,000. First suspected in late 1664,it began to spread eastwards in April 1665 from the poor suburb of St. Giles to the crowded and dirty communities on its way to the walled City of London.
The Great Plague at Its Peak
By September 1665 ,the death rate had reached 8,000 per week. Helpless city authorities began to abandon quarantine(隔离) measures. Houses containing the dead and dying were no longer locked. London's mournful silence was broken by the noise of carts carrying the dead for burial in churches or public plague pits.
Well-off residents soon fled to the countryside, leaving the poor behind in poor old commun/ties. Thousands of dogs and cats were killed to remove a feared source of contagion (传染) ,and piles of rotting garbage were burned. Doctors cut swellings and bled black spots in attempts to cure plague victims.
Plague Orders prohibited churches from keeping dead bodies in their buildings during public assemblies or services, and camers of the dead had to identify themselves and could not mix with the public.
Samuel Pepys: Eyewitness Accounts
In his famous diary, Samuel Pepys, a member of Parliament, conveyed the sad image of desperate people wandering the streets in search of relief from the ruins of the plague. His notes during 1665 indicated the severity of London's Great Plague. In July, he mourned " the sad news of the death of so manv in the community, forty last night, the bell always going either for deaths or burials. " A month later, when London's death rate rose sharply, Pepys noted that surviors are forced to carry the dead to be buried by daylight, the nights not enough to do it
The Plague Declines and the Government Reacts
By February 1666,the Great Plague had nearly run its course.lt died out during the Great Fire that same year and never returned. Central parts of London were rebuilt with wider streets to relieve crowding and better waste water svstems to improve public cleanliness. New Plague Orders were issued in May 1666,which banned the burial of future plague victims in churches and small churchyards, enforced the use of quicklime (生石灰) at chosen burial sites, and strictly prohibited opening graves less than one year after burial as a safeguard against the spread of infection.
1.1n the course of the Great PJague,it was a common practice to .
A. keep dead bodies in the church buildings
B. burn piles of rotting garbage in the streets
C. carry the dead for church burials in the daytime
D. unlock the houses containing the dead and dying
2.lt can be inferred from the passage that .
A. dogs and cats were certain to spread the piague
B. doctors' treatment of plague victims was effective
C. city authorities allowed rich residents to go to the countryside
D. quarantine measures were powerless in preventing the plague
3.How did Samuel Pepys feel when the bell was going all the night during the Great Plague?
A. Frightened. B. Relieved.
C. Sorrowful. D. Moody.
4.What's the main purpose of this writing?
A. To blame poor public cleanliness for plague.
B. To inform readers of what happened in the Great Plague.
C. To show that plague was closely related to church activities.
D. To prove that plague could be controlled by humans.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江湖州中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Tom’s new watch ________ hands are made of gold is quite expensive.
A. that B. which C. whose D. of which
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