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14.How was it that Holly wood came to be the place everyone associates with the American film industry?
In 1887,Harvey Wilcox bought a house and all the(41)surrounding (surround) land on a hillside in southern California.His wife overheard a woman talk on a train about her summer house,(42)which she called"Hollywood".Mrs Wilcox liked the name so much that she decided  (43)to give(give) her new home the same name.Mr Wilcox then built other houses on his land and used the name for (44)thewhole community.
Between 1908and 1913something else (45)happened(happen).Many small independent film companies began moving to southern California for two main reasons.Firstly,they were having problems with the (46)larger(large),more powerful studios in New York.Secondly,they(47)were attracted(attract)by the sunny climate,which let them film throughout the year without the need for expensive lighting.
Only one studio (48)actually (actual) set up in Hollywood itself,because the local people took measures to prevent any more  (49)from arriving.The other studios that came to the area were all built outside Hollywood.In spite of that,by 1915"Hollywood"(50)had become(become) familiar as a term for the movie business as a whole.

分析 本文介绍了好莱坞形成的过程.1887年Harvey Wilcox 买下了加利福尼亚南部的一块地方,他的妻子给它起名叫"好莱坞".在1908到 1913年间几个小的电影公司搬到这里,因为这里的四季的阳光.实际上,只有一家是建造在好莱坞里面,这是为了阻止外来的公司,其他的公司都在好莱坞的外围.

解答 41 surrounding.考查派生词.修饰名词land用形容词surrounding表示"周围的". 
42 which.考查定语从句的关系词.代指先行词her summer house,做非限制性定语从句she called"Hollywood的宾语用which.
43 to give.考查非谓语动词.decide 的宾语用to do 表示"决定去做".
44 the.考查冠词.特指他们建造的这个区域,用定冠词the.
45 happened.考查谓语动词.做主语 something else 的谓语动词,根据上文可知用一般过去时态,所以用happened.
46 larger.考查形容词的比较级.和more powerful 并列用large的比较级larger,表示"更大更强的".
47  were attracted.考查谓语动词的语态.和主语they是被动关系,而且发生在过去,所以用一般过去时态的被动语态were attracted.
48 actually.考查副词的用法.修饰动词短语set up 用副词 actually.
49 from.考查介词.prevent…from…表示"组织某人做某事".
50 had become.考查谓语动词的时态.根据时间状语by 1915表示"到1915年",所以谓语动词用过去完成时态had become.

点评 考查语法填空.
过去完成时态的用法:
(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句(在复合句中,由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示.
(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for,since构成的时间状语连用.
(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补充以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时.
(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时.

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