11．In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad； that it sets one person against another； that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs．In their singleminded pursuit of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，whilesome seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most opinions are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an ecuse："I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to fade away can we discover a new meaning in competition．
28．What does this passage mainly talk about？A
A．Opinions about competition are different among people．
B．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
C．Competition is harmful topersonal quality development．
D．Competition helps to set up self-respect．
29．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？D
A．It builds up a sense of duty．
B．It encourages individual efforts．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It pushes society forward．
30．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a"desire to fail"？B
A．One's success is based on how hard he has tried．
B．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'．
C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills．
D．One's success in competition needs great efforts．
31．Which point of view may the author agree to？B
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．
C．Competition should be encouraged．
D．Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter．
分析 本文讲述了不同的人对竞争的看法不同．有的人认为竞争是一种恶性循环，另一些人认为竞争可以推动双方进步．不管是哪种观点，我们都不能畏惧竞争，不能因为怕输而放弃竞争．
解答 28-31．ADBB
28．A 考查文章主旨．根据"In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition"可知，不同的人对竞争的看法不同．故选A．
29．D 考查细节理解．根据"Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity"可知，一些人认为，竞争会推动社会前进．故选D．
30．B 考查推理判断．根据"They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success"可知，"求败心理"是指一些人寻求失败而不是试图获得成功，因为他们认为一个人的能力是通过与他人比较中体现出来的．故选B．
31．B 考查推理判断．根据"Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to fade away can we discover a new meaning in competition"可知，作者认为在竞争中应该消除对失败的恐惧．故选B．
点评 阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
