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    Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world.

    When it comes to cancer, the sooner you know you have it, the better your chances of surviving are.

    A new blood test could change the way doctors and researchers find cancer in patients. Researchers say the test could provide some hints of the early forms of the disease.

    Gareth Jenkins is a professor at the University of Swansea. He says he and his team did not look for cancer. They instead looked for a by-product of cancer, mutated (突变的) red blood cells. They looked for, what Jenkins calls, the collateral (附带的) damage of cancer—the damage left by the disease.

    “In this blood test we don’t measure the presence of cancer，we measure the presence of mutated red blood cells which are the collateral damage that occurs—a by-product of the cancer developing.’’

    The researchers used normal laboratory equipment to perform the tests. This equipment looks for changes in the structure of millions of red blood cells. Those mutated cells lack a surface protein (蛋白质) that healthy cells normally have.

    “The goal of the test is looking for very rare cells which have picked up a mutation. The number of mutated red blood cells in a healthy person is around 5 or so mutated cells per million; so, you have to look at millions of red blood cells to discover those rare events. The number increases in cancer patients—it goes up to 40 or 50 on average.”

    The researchers tested blood from about 300 people, all of whom have cancer of the esophagus (食管). Patients with esophageal cancer have high levels of mutated red blood cells. Jenkins says that at this point he is not sure if other cancers would produce similar results.

    The hope is that the new test could one day become part of commonly used medical methods to find out if a person has cancer. These new technologies could save millions of lives.

    1.What does the underlined word “hints” probably mean in Paragraph 3?

    A. Deaths. B. Experiences.

    C. Signs. D. Kinds.

    2.Healthy people and patients with esophageal cancer are different in of mutated red blood cells.

    A. the size

    B. the color

    C. the shape

    D. the number

    3.What’s the author’s attitude to the new test?

    A. Negative. B. Indifferent.

    C. Positive. D. Doubtful.

    4.What can be the best title for the text?

    A. Cancer Can Be Prevented

    B. New Test Could Find Cancer Earlier

    C. Scientists Have Discovered How Cancer Spreads

    D. New Cancer Treatment Is Showing Extraordinary Results

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