Disposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities，the waste disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century，it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. People would transport household rubbish，rotted wood and old possessions to the site. Regularly some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories and some other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just poured the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps(垃圾场)， are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable. Farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere，cheap land in major city areas to dispose wastes is nonexistent(不存在的). Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers，ground water，land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste，however， continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace，and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs，however，can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste，so more people should be involved in recycling programs.
1. The most suitable title for this passage would be .
A. Places for Disposing of Waste
B. Waste Pollution Dangers
C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste
D. Waste Disposal Problem
2. During the 18th century， people disposed of waste in many ways except for .
A. burying it B. recycling it
C. burning it D. throwing it into rivers
3. What can be inferred(推断)from the third paragraph？
A. Farm areas will continue accepting waste from the city.
B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.
C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
D. Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.
4. The main purpose of writing this article is to .
A. select a suitable dump site
B. warn people of the pollution dangers
C. call on people to take part in recycling programs
D. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste
科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山东济南一中高一下期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
假定你是班长李华，请根据以下内容给新任外教Smith先生写一封信，向他表示欢迎并转达同学们对英语课的希望：
1. 介绍西方文化；
2. 组织多样活动；
3. 关注学生发音, 提高听说能力。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头已为你写好。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing on behalf of my class to extend our warm welcome to you. Here are some of our expectations for your English class.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年吉林松原油田高中高二下期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, not least because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the “Car of the Future”. They featured unconventional styling and things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline, it plays music. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.
But guess what? All of these things are subject to change in the not-so-distant future. It will still go and stop, but it may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things.
Airbags aren't the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed collisions (碰撞),they obviously still need some development. But they aren't going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer.
Better than systems to minimize (使减少到最低限度) injury in the event of an accident， however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place. Future cars may be able to eliminate many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, tailgating (与前车距离过近) and sleepiness. Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver's system and prevent the car from being started, for example. Many accidents are caused by people following the car in front too closely. As early as next year, you'll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you're closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle (油门). For city streets, expect other radar devices that will give advance warning that the car in front of you has slowed abruptly (突然地) and you should step on the brakes-or that may even brake for you.
Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? There's no reason to think it won't be technically possible, and Mercedes is working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Nobody really expects people to give up all control to their cars, but such systems could be used as failsafe systems to keep cars on the road and bring them safely to a stop even if the driver suddenly became disabled.
1.Why was the author fascinated by cars?
A. Because other small boys liked to own a car of their own, too.
B. Because he read exotic things about cars in his brother's magazines.
C. Because his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car.
D. Because he subscribed to cool car magazines.
2.By saying "my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn’t do", the author means that_____.
A. my car is far better than my brother's
B. my car is not as good as my brother's
C. not much has changed in the performance of cars so far
D. much improvement has been made in the design of cars recently
3.Which of the following statements is true of airbags?
A. They are in need of further improvement.
B. They are going to disappear gradually.
C. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed collisions.
D. They are a standard feature of European cars.
4.According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver's system?
A. They will give a warning in advance.
B. They will brake automatically.
C. They will ease up on the throttle.
D. They will not start.
5.Which of the following statements is true according to the last paragraph?
A. People will give up all control to their cars.
B.Cars will be able to drive themselves.
C. No cars will ever break down on the roads.
D. Cars will all be equipped with failsafe systems.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年黑龙江双鸭山一中高一下期末英语卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空
RESOURCES BELONG TO THE SOCIETY
When I arrived in Hamburg Germany, my colleague who worked there arranged a welcome party for me in a _________ . We noticed a few customers including several old ladies, were having their meal. When a dish is _________ , the waiter would distribute the food for them, and they would _________ every bit of the food on their plates.
As I was hungry, my local colleague _________ much food for me. Since there were other things to do, we did not _________ much time dining. When we planned to leave, there was still about one third of _________ food left. When we were leaving the restaurant, we _________ someone calling us. When the old ladies spoke to us in English, we understood that they were _________ about us wasting so much food.
“We _________ for our food; it is none of your _________ no matter how much food we left behind”, my colleague told the old ladies. They got angry, and one of them _________ made a call to someone. After a while, an officer in _________ arrived. Upon finding what had happened, he issued us a 50-euro _________. The officer told us in a stern（严厉的）voice: “order _________ you can consume. Money is yours, _________ the resources belong to the society. You have no _________ for wasting them.” Our face turned red.
We all agreed with him in our _________ . My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly _________ to the officer.
My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenir. We all_________ it to remind us that we should never be _________ .
1.A. bankB. companyC. familyD. restaurant
2.A. cookedB. gatheredC. servedD. missed
3.A. desertB. refuseC. finishD. oppose
4.A. keptB. orderedC. soldD. made
5.A. saveB. findC. divideD. spend
6.A.unconsumedB. undevelopedC. undiscoveredD. undetermined
7.A. appointedB. heardC. realizedD. knew
8.A. unhappyB. curiousC. nervousD. optimistic
9.A. askedB. paidC. appliedD. accounted
10.A. matterB. mindC. businessD. question
11.A. passivelyB. immediatelyC. excitedlyD. regularly
12.A. ragsB. fashionC. uniformD. dream
13.A. fineB. foodC. awardD. souvenir
14.A. howB. itC. whatD. that
15.A. soB. andC. orD. but
16.A. abilityB. problemC. powerD. reason
17.A. wordsB. facesC. heartsD. ears
18.A. approvedB. accusedC. admittedD. apologized
19.A. stuckB. brokeC. threwD. kept
20.A. hopefulB. wastefulC. mercifulD. grateful
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖南师大附中高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the future，schools will be different in many ways from which they are now. First，students will be different. They will be any age，from any place，and they will be free to choose any class we want. They will all get along and make friends easy. Second，the courses will be different. There will be many more courses for students to choose，and most courses will be offer on the Internet. Students will choose to learn at home on the Internet， and at school from teachers. They can also choose the teachers they like.
School buildings and equipments will be much better as they are now. Everything will be run by computers， more modern，and easy for students to use.
Students will organize more different activities at school，and life at school will be richer and more interesting.
In a conclusion，future schools will be better learn places for students.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河南师范大学附中高二下学期期末英语卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空，阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于三个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
I found one time that helping someone could get you into a lot of trouble.
I was in the 1. (nine) grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl 2. (sit) next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. Finally I found that she was trying to ask me 3. I had an extra pen. She showed me that 4. (her) was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher 5. (ask) me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was 6. (stand) on your own two 7. (foot) and be responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact 8. when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think 9. (serious) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me 10. all those things.
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北唐山一中高二下学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
假定你是李华，计划暑假间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：住宿accommodation
Dear Sir/Madam,
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年贵州都匀一中高二下学期开学考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Imagine being a crew member, hundreds of years ago, sailing in southern waters. Your captain is searching for food while exploring unfamiliar waters. Your job is to watch the sea off the ship’s side for ice. The wind is cold on your face. Alongside the ship, a fish darts past. Another slows to a stop and raises its head above the water to look at you. How could a fish do that?
Did the sailors see fish with feathers or swimming birds? Today, we know that the sailors saw birds that developed the ability to swim. Their wings became flippers, and they could “fly” through the water with amazing speed.
There are many types of penguins. Only two kinds raise their young on the continent of Antarctic. Adelie penguins grow up to 29 inches tall and have a white ring around each eye. Emperor penguins have yellow orange color near their necks. Standing about 35 inches tall, they are the tallest penguins living today.
Emperor penguins have nests on top of their feet. Father Emperor penguins keep the egg on top of their feet for more than two months, until the egg is ready to hatch. The mother penguin goes out for food during that time. Imagine holding an egg on your feet for two months until someone returns with food!
Male and female penguins are both good parents. Once the chicks hatch, both parents travel long distances to find food for them in the sea. It may be days before the parents return and the chicks eat again. When they return with food, the fun really begins. Chicks chase their parents, begging for food. Penguin chicks eat huge amounts at one time.
Eventually, the adult penguins stop feeding the chicks. This is nature’s way of forcing children to grow up. When the penguin chicks are hungry enough, they find their way to the sea. Without any swimming lessons, they make their way into the icy waters and swim as only penguins do.
1.What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?
A. It is dangerous to sail in unfamiliar waters.
B. The ice covers southern waters as far as we can see.
C. Penguins seemed unusual when the sailors first saw them.
D. It is difficult to find food if sailing in southern waters.
2.We now know that penguins seen by the sailors hundreds of years ago were .
A. fish with the ability to fly
B. birds that had learned to swim
C. birds that could fly into the sea
D. fish with black and white feathers
3.Why does the author say “the fun really begins” when the parents return with food?
A. The chicks play games with each other while eating.
B. The chicks run after the parents while trying to get food.
C. The chicks have to find their way to the sea to get more food.
D. The chicks have to search for the food the parents have hidden.
4.Emperor penguin chicks will be forced to grow up when they .
A. must learn how to feed others
B. have to find a new place to live
C. have to find food by themselves
D. need to adjust to the changeable weather
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年福建师大附中高二下期末考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The morning for our snowmobiling (雪上汽车) adventure finally arrived, and we set off on the hour-and-a-half drive to the resort(度假地). A fresh powder had fallen the night before, and everything was frosted white. We couldn’t have asked for more perfect conditions. The sun sparkled on the snow, and the trails (路线) were completely empty – not another person or snowmobile in sight. We were thrilled at being the only people for miles around until we got going.
As we drove through the deserted wilderness, my excitement became stone-cold fear. I had no idea what I was afraid of, or why I was afraid, but suddenly every turn, every hill, every steep (陡峭的) side of the mountain frightened me to death. I kept imagine us crashing headlong into a tree or falling off the side of a drop.
But after lunch things changed. We were the only humans who had been there since the snowfall. The peaceful place, the incredible beauty of the landscape, and the almost sacred experience of sharing a mountain with the wildlife touched my very core (核心). My mind cleared and quieted and my muscles relaxed.
As we drove the last leg of the run, I began to resent being afraid to drive. Deep down, I wanted to be in charge of the thing that scared me. It made me angry that fear was keeping me from something I really wanted to do. The day was coming to an end, and the resort was only a few miles away. I knew that if I didn’t take my chance now, I would regret it.
I signaled for my husband to pull over. I wanted to drive, although my heart pounded (重击). I started off slowly and felt the wind in my face. I smiled and sped up a little. With a “Yee-haw!” I went full out, taking my husband on the best ride of the day.
We ended the day on that breathless, carefree(轻松愉快的)note, and I felt proud of myself – proud of overcoming my fear.
1. What can be concluded from the article?
A. The author was confident as she was driving in the deserted wilderness.
B. The author didn’t get worried until they started to drive through the deserted wild.
C. Realizing that she and her husband were the only people around, the author became anxious.
D. The author was so nervous that she almost crashed into a big tree.
2.According to the article, after lunch the author _______.
A. gradually calmed down
B. stopped to enjoy the beautiful scenery
C. saw some wildlife on the mountain
D. was afraid to continue her journey
3. The underlined word “resent” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. assume B. undertake C. hate D. recognize
4.What is the story mainly about?
A. What the author loves about snowmobiling.
B. What difficulties the couple faced during their adventure.
C. What interested the author during her time snowmobiling.
D. How the author overcame her fear during her adventure.
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