Smoking is harmful. But as soon as you quit the habit, everything will be OK, right?
Wrong
New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes(基因) will stay there for a much longer time. In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.
This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)—it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ________.
A. show the main idea of the passage B. give an example
C. make an argument D. introduce the topic of the passage
2.Most genetic changes happen because of ________.
A. people’s condition at birth B. people’s bad living habits
C. environmental pollution D. heart disease and cancer
3.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to ________.
A. the genetic change B. the cement
C. the harmful effect D. the footprint
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A. The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.
B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking
C. The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.
D. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省盐城市2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：单项填空
—Would you please show me the way to the city library?
—Stick to the road until you reach the second crossroads. ________.
A. Take it easy B. You can’t miss it
C. Don’t get me wrong D. You bet
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科目：高中英语 来源：河南省漯河市2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
George Aldrich, whose official title is chemical specialist, works at NASA’s White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. He uses his nose to protect astronauts from unpleasant or harmful odors (气味). His near four-decade career has involved smelling objects from technical handbooks to astronauts’ personal things.
It’s crucial that all items taken aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are odorless. Since astronauts are allowed to bring personal items aboard, all their objects must be smell-checked before leaving Earth. In a video provided by Science Channel, Aldrich relates on specific occasion when an astronaut wanted to build a ship in a bottle in space. Everything in the ship-building process had to be sniffed — right down to the glue.
Aldrich and his team are responsible for making sure that objects are not only odorless but also harmless to astronauts. When the ISS heats up, a process called off-gassing occurs, which means chemicals flow out from certain substances (物质). Objects that would be safe on Earth could give off unpleasant odors or become dangerous when exposed to high temperatures in the ISS’s unique environment.
Of course, humans aren’t the only testers or the first to be exposed to potentially dangerous objects. Before Aldrich sticks his nose into a substance, it has been examined by machines. Even though machines can detect unsafe substances, computers cannot tell exactly how things smell to humans. While something could be technically fine, it could be smelly to an astronaut.
Aldrich’s nose is not alone there. He is the head of a hard-sniffing team of smell testers. Together they smell each object and rate it on a scale (等级) of 1 to 4. According to NASA, I cannot be detected, and 4 is considered not bearable. After the scientists conclude their tests, the scores are averaged. If an item is rated more than 2.4 on the scale, it fails the test and is not allowed on the flight.
1.Which can describe the smell check from Paragraph 2?
A. Quite dangerous. B. Extremely strict.
C. Rather boring. D. Very complex.
2.What is a threat to astronauts’ safety at the ISS?
A. Negative emotions. B. Odor-related disease.
C. The off-gassing process. D. Changes in temperature.
3.What should be done before Aldrich and his team start their work?
A. Using machines to test objects.
B. Having a meeting to make the scale.
C. Using computers to examine their noses.
D. Listing potentially dangerous substances.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A. An unusual smell tester. B. Astronauts’ life at the ISS.
C. Strong odors in a spaceship. D. The smell of personal items.
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科目：高中英语 来源：安徽省蚌埠市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：完成句子
1.This is the o______________(起源，由来)of the seasons on Earth.
2.The Church has something to say on how to c_________________(结合，联合)freedom with responsibility.
3.I was a quiet and g______________(温和的，文雅的)man who liked sports and enjoyed life.
4.On the way, we s____________(发现，注意到)a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job, family to feed.”
5.His family then moved to a s_______________(稍微，轻微地)larger house.
6.The Canadians plan to d_________________(递送)more food to southern Somalia.
7.So far, Mr. Cook has not c_____________(评论)on these reports.
8.Someone had furnished the place on a tight b___________________(预算；开支).
9.We know that the taste in art is a s______________(主观的)matter.
10.I think these traditional customs should be p________________(保存；保留).
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科目：高中英语 来源：安徽省蚌埠市2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
If you want to be a inventor, you must have a plan design to solve a particular problem. This is not as easily as it sounds. Many idea, developed after weeks of research, may not prove successful. Many unsuccessful approaches rejected, but only the most creative and successful ones are welcomed. Each idea has tested by you will need to be improved until it lead you to a new invention. Once this hard work has been completing and the patent committee has approved your design, you will find your invent adopted on all sides.
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科目：高中英语 来源：山西省2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：短文填空
Last summer, my friend and I hired(租) a car and headed for Toronto. We didn’t book(预定) a hotel room 1. it was at the beginning of September and we thought it would be easy for us 2. (find) a hotel.
We had driven for six hours when the weather 3. (change) and it looked as if a thunderstorm （雷暴）was coming. We got lost and both were 4.（tire）when I saw an old lady parking her car. I stopped and asked 5. she knew a hotel nearby. She said there was a hotel down the road, 6. it might have been closed. The lovely old lady looked at me and said, “Why don’t you girls just stay the night at 7. house? I’ll cook for you.”
We ended up going to a little island in Lake Muskoka, 8. her family lived. We slept in the 9.(comfort) beds they built for their kids, and they cooked for us. We stayed at their house for three nights in all and also met their friends. Those days were the 10. (good) part of our three-week trip! We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017年高考英语母题题源系列03 书面表达（浙江卷） 题型：书面表达
【来源】【百强校】黑龙江哈尔滨第九中学高三第三次高考模拟英语试卷（带解析）
假如你是校学生会主席李华，学校安排你下周末作为导游带领外籍教师Mr.Smith进行一次近郊游。请你用英语给Mr.Smith写一封电子邮件，包括以下内容：
1．自我介绍；
2．出游的时间、目的地等信息；
3．需要提前做的准备工作。
要求：1．词数100左右；
2．为使行文连贯，可根据内容要点适当增加细节。
Dear Mr. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：山西省晋中市2016-2017学年高二下学期质量监测（优生检测）英语试卷 题型：短文填空
These pictures will not mean much to you,but they mean a huge amount to my Grandma who suffers a little dementia（痴呆）1.doesn't go out much anymore.
When I arrived in the UK on the first leg of my recent trip,the person2.met me at the airport3.(be) one of my wonderful friends from KindSpring.She was able to give me an old phone which was a4.(kind) to me as I'd previously told her I'd be having to leave mine at home as I share5.with my partner.
It was greatly6.(value) as I could keep in touch7.people,but it was worth more when I visited my Grandma soon after.I took the phone with me when I went out for a walk,and used it8.(take) pictures of all the landmarks I passed.When I got back,we looked at all the9.(photo) and she told me some wonderful memories 10.(build) rip over 90 years of living in a town she no longer sees.
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科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省牛津译林版英语Module 5 Unit 1 test2 题型：任务型阅读
Disability aids are vital to those who suffer problems with executing work with two hands. These are people who have been disabled due to some major sickness or some other problems. In order to help them carry on their work in the normal way, disability aids are manufactured. This helps them make their life a lot easier than what it would have been without these aids. The kind of disability aids that an individual might require depends on the person only. It is the problem that a person faces that decides the aids that he/she will use for carrying out their respective jobs. The following is the list of a few disability aids that come of significant use.
The first and foremost aid is the stocking aid, aiding the individuals suffering from the problem of bending down to reach the foot and wear their own socks. These stocking aids have a gutter that is made up of plastic material. These gutters are shaped in a certain way along with the attachment of cotton tapes in it. The sock is then put over the gutter. The foot is placed inside the gutter. The cotton tapes help in pulling the socks up the leg and subsequently the sock. In this manner, the sock is worn by a person who has problems wearing it by bending one’s back and reaching the foot.
There are openers that help the people who have problems with their hands or wrists to open bottles of ketchup, jam and other such bottles and jars that necessitates the use of hands and fingers.
The third type of disability aids that comes to our minds are lifts. Now what are lifts? Lifts are certain machines that help in lifting people from specific areas, such as a bathtub or a set of stairs. These lifts are of varied types and come for numerous applications. It is for the individual to decide the type that he/she requires to use.
For people, who have problems in balancing their upper bodies in a stable manner, there is something known as grab rails. These grab rails are installed for those who have mobility problems in their upper bodies. These rails come in varieties of shapes, sizes and angles. These grab rails are available to home users as well, in their different variations. One can purchase and fix one to their homes according to one’s specificities. These grab rails require the act of screwing and drilling in order to fix them to their appropriate place. The prices of these rails also vary according to the variation of their shapes and sizes.
A portable book holder is a much sought-after disability aid. It can be used by anybody for that matter, not just the disabled. These portable book holders are light-weight and can be easily moved about. These holders relieve the strains on one’s hands, necks and shoulders that might occur due to the handling of a book. The holders are provided with extended legs that help in placing the reading material at suitable distance.
Thus with the help of these disability aids, the old and disabled people can make their lives much more convenient and comfortable that would otherwise have been a cumbersome and complex one.
Disability Aids
Theme | Disability aids are of great ?1. to those who are disabled as a result of some major sickness or other problems. | |
Different 2. of aids | Stocking aids | Help the individuals who have problems 3. down to reach their feet to put on socks by themselves. |
Openers | Aid the disabled to open the bottles of ketchup when they can’t take 4. of their hands or wrists. | |
Lifts | Assist in lifting people from 5. areas with varied types of lifts, which are 6. numerously. | |
Grab rails | Help those having mobility problems in their upper bodies to keep their 7. in a stable manner. | |
Book holders | Help to make the strains on one’s hands , necks and shoulders 8. when people are reading. | |
9. | 10. to these disability aids, the life of the old and disabled will become more convenient and comfortable. | |
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