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1.(36)E
Britain may be the most red-headed country in the world.About 1to 2percent of the world's population has red hair,but in the UK the numbers are much higher,with 13percent of Scots,10percent of the Irish,and 6percent of people in England having red hair,according to the BBC.
(37)G
Scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer:the dull weather in Britain.The human body needs vitamin D from sunshine,but unfortunately people living in Britain do not have enough of it because of its maritime climate.In fact,Britain gets even more cloud than countries in the far north of Europe.In Sweden,for example,the average daily hours of sunshine is 5.4.In Scotland it is only 3.1hours.
(38)D
To deal with this,the DNA of people living in these areas has changed slightly; scientists call this a mutation.Originally,the coloring on our body is a mixture of two kinds of melanin-black melanin is suppressed while only red/yellow melanin is made.The result is red hair,light skin color,freckles and a greater sensitivity to sunlight.
(39)C
However,what's more interesting is that the redhead DNA mutation is recessive,which means it is hidden and can often skip generations without showing.At least 1.6million Scots carry a redhead gene mutation,and most are unaware that they do.This is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special DNA.
(40)B
The research on red hair,like many areas of science,is contradictory(不一致).In 2002researchers showed that redheads are more sensitive to pain,and need more anesthetic during surgery than people with blonde or dark hair.However,in 2005scientists found that a MCRIR mutation gives redheads a higher tolerance for pain.Research into these aspects of red hair genetics continues.Redheads should though be more careful about their exposure to sunlight as they are at an increased risk of contracting skin cancer.If you are a redhead,the advice is not to stay out of the sun,but to be careful about how much exposure you get,and to cover yourself with a high factor sunscreen.

A.Redheads'benefits
B.Divided opinions
C.Inheriting(遗传) characteristics
D.Gene mutation(基因变异)
E.Home of the redheads
F.Various weather types
G.Weather is to blame.

分析 本文叙述了英国人有红头发的人占的比例较大,有些人认为主要是由于气候的影响,人们不能吸收足够的维生素D,二是由于基因突变.三是由于遗传的因素.最后一段叙述了科学家的对于红头发的不同的意见.

解答 36-40EGDCB
36.E  细节理解题,根据后文Britain may be the most red-headed country in the world.可知英国红头发的人最多,因此这是有家族原因的,故选E.
37.G  细节理解题,根据后文Scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer:the dull weather in Britain可知英国人们的红头发可能与他们的天气有关,故选G.
38.D  细节理解题,根据后文he DNA of people living in these areas has changed slightly; scientists call this a mutation可知本段讲述的是红头发可能是基因突变造成的,故选D.
39.C  细节理解题,根据后文This is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special DNA.可知红头发的基因是隐形的,因此它与遗传有关,故选C.
40.B  细节理解题,根据后文The research on red hair,like many areas of science,is contradictory(不一致).可知人们对红头发的研究意见是不一致的,众说纷纭,故选B.

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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