科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The latest research suggests a more prosaic, democratic, even puritanical view of the world. The key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not a divine spark. It’s not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success, even in realms like chess. Instead, it’s deliberate practice. Top performers spend more hours (many more hours) rigorously practicing their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average verbal ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar biographical traits. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same ethnic background, or, shared the same birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fueling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly perceive its inner workings.
Then she would practice writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practicing in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practicing slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems―how do I get characters into a room―dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary trait she possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior.
76. The passage mainly deals with _____.
A. the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer | B. the relationship between genius and success |
C. the decisive factor in making a genius | D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction |
77. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could ______.
A. come to understand the inner structure of writing
B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday
C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes
D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security
78. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, _____.
A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success
B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance
C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements
D. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write
79. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.
B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.
C. As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. doesn’t matter, but just his/her efforts.
D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年湖北省荆州市毕业班质量检查（一）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Do people ever consider the possibility that, if they’re exposed to increased reports about a social problem, it’s the reporting that has increased rather than the problem? It’s increasingly clear that this is the case with school bullying（欺凌）：Only news reports about it have increased, not the behavior itself. In fact, both bullying and fear of it are down among US middle school students
The rate of students who reported fearing an attack or harm at school at all has dropped dramatically, from nearly 12% in 1995 to less than 4% in 2011. For black and Hispanic students, it’s an even more encouraging shift—from more than 20% of both groups of students worried about being attacked at school to less than 5% in 2011.
The decline in actual physical violence in schools is even more dramatic: It was down 74% between 1992 and 2010, according to the latest US Department of Justice data.
What about cyberbullying? Online harassment increased from 6% in 2000 to 9% in 2005 to 11% in 2010 between, and it’s interesting to note that it increased less between 2005 and ’10 than in the first 5 years tracked. Because social media is very much a reflection of school social life for young people, the peer aggression seen in social media is a lot like the peer aggression seen on school bathroom walls. So once it finds its “dead level,” it will probably decline in the same way verbal and written aggression have.
Besides education and crime prevention at the social level, medicine treatment and better access to mental healthcare also contribute to this downward trend in victimization of self and others.
The rise of social media is what people don’t typically think of as a positive force in society. But Finkelhor, director of the Crimes Against Children Research Center at the University of New Hampshire says, “These technologies might have prevented crime and bullying by providing more ways of help, more forms of social supervision, and interesting activities that destroy forms of alienation(异化) that lead to crime”.
1.From the first paragraph we learn that __________.
A. school bullying has increased because of increased reports
B. school bullying has decreased because of increased reports
C. the number of reports on school bullying has increased
D. the number of reports on school bullying has decreased
2.The underlined word is closest in meaning to "_________".
A. crime B. aggression C. surfing D. communication
3.The cyberbullying is still increasing probably because ________.
A. it isn't as easy to control as the other school bullying
B. it hasn't been concerned by the governments
C. it isn't part of school social life
D. it hasn't come to its top level
4.Finkelhor believes that social media have a ________ influence on the falling trend of school bullying.
A. positive B. negative C. major D. slight
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届广东揭阳一中高二下期第二次阶段考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：信息匹配
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先请阅读下面6封信件或便条：
A．Dear Mom,
Every time it’s your birthday, I remember all the great birthday parties you gave me when I was growing up．I especially remember the one when I turned to 16, and the words you and Dad said to me．Now I hope you enjoy the birthday party I’m holding for you．
B．Dear Dan,
It’s over! High school is now part of the past．But consider what your graduation day really means, aside from the gifts．It’s the beginning of a life filled with goals that only you can attain．You’ve made it through 4 important years, and we’re confident you’ll make it through anything else you’ll have to face．
C．Dear Tom,
I’m 16, but my grandmother treats me as if I were 5．She uses a baby voice around me, which is really annoying, but I’m afraid to say anything because I don’t want to make her feel bad．How can I tell her my feelings, and let her know I’m growing up?
D．Dear Tina,
I was almost unwilling to open your gift because it was so wonderfully wrapped．The paper was just lovely! I want to thank you for thinking of me．I’m sure you spent hours making this lovely sweater, and it’s so soft that I feel as if you’ve sent me 100 hugs．Every time I wear it I’ll think of you．
E．Dear Aunt Pam,
Thank you so much for the cards and gifts you sent me for Christmas．I hope Uncle Mike and Little John are well．Next week I’m going to my father’s for the holiday．I wonder if you could come down and visit us．I haven’t seen you for nearly two years!
F．Dear Mom,
I think you’re the greatest．I know you have faults, but I can’t think of any at the moment．You deserve much more than this small gift in return for everything that you’ve done for me, but it’s all that I can afford．Hopefully, by the time I become a mom, I’ll be able to be as giving to my child as you’ve been to me．
请为下面回复的信件或者便条匹配合适的来信或便条：
1.Dear Sucre,
I understand exactly what you’re telling me, and I think this problem is very common．Don’t forget that, from your grandmother’s perspective, even your father and mother are just babies．Talk with your parents and ask them to talk with your grandmother．I’m sure they’ll be able to explain to her that it’s time to stop．
2.Dear Amanda,
Glad to hear from you! We haven’t seen each other since waiting at the Cincinnati Airport for that connection to London．And I’m really missing you! I’d love to see you, but Mike and I plan to visit the Lake District then．Please say hello to your dad．
3.Dear Michael,
My dear son, you’re growing up so fast, and turning into an impressive person．I was so excited that I couldn’t fall asleep after the party．You know, you really gave me a big surprise when I entered the room, and made me realize how considerate and kind you’ve turned out to be．
4.Dear Amy,
Thank you so much for your gift．Best of all for me, though, was to see that you’ve become an independent woman．I’m sure you’ll succeed in whatever you do, sooner or later．And some thing you can be sure of: I’ll always be proud of you!
5.Dear Linda,
You are the most caring and self-accepting person I know．I think of you as my soul sister．At this special moment, this sweater I made with my own hands seems like the best way to express my feelings．I wish you a great birthday, and a great year ahead．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届广东揭阳一中高二下期第二次阶段考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The Americans have been voted the world’s “funniest nationality” ---the one “best at making people laugh” ---in a global poll (民意调查), which also names the Germans the “least funny” nationality and the British “not as funny as they think”.
30,000 people across 15 countries were asked to name both the “funniest” and “least funny” nationality in a poll conducted by Badoo.com, the world’s largest social network for meeting new people, with 119 million users worldwide.
The Americans were voted the funniest nationality, ahead of the Spanish --- the funniest Europeans --- in second, Italians in third and British in seventh.
The voting for the “least funny” nationality confirmed the view of America’s Mark Twain that “a German joke is no laughing matter”. The Germans won, ahead of the Russians and Turks. The stereotype of German humourlessness is believed to derive from their reputation for efficiency, punctuality and rationality(理性). Examples of German jokes include: “Yesterday, I met my friend Horst at the hospital. He’d swallowed a sponge. He says it doesn’t hurt but he’s always thirsty.”
“When we meet someone new, one of the first things we notice is whether they make us laugh”, says Lloyd Price, Badoo’s Marketing Director. “America is a worthy poll winner”, says Price. “It’s the world’s only comedy superpower.”
The British pride themselves on their humour but learn from the poll that they’re not as funny as they think. They placed just seventh of 15 --- behind the Brazilians, French and Mexicans.
1.According to the poll, which is the right order from the funniest nationality to the least funny one?
A．Spanish, Americans, French, Mexicans, British
B．Americans, Spanish, Italians, Brazilians, French
C．British, Mexicans, Brazilians, Spanish, Americans
D．Italians, French, British, Mexicans, Brazilians
2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The poll was conducted among 119 million people by Badoo. com.
B．Spanish are the funniest nationality in Europe.
C．That Germans are named the “least funny” nationality is because of Mark Twain.
D．Some people think that British are funny while others think the opposite in the poll.
3.Which can be the substitute of the word “derive” in the fourth paragraph?
A．acquire B．suffer C．translate D．accomplish
4.What is the author’s purpose of telling us a German joke?
A．The author wants to show that Germans are good at telling jokes.
B．The author wants to confirm what Mark Twain said.
C．The author wants to prove that Germans are not funny at all.
D．The author just wants to say that swallowing a sponge is no harm.
5.It seems that the best title for this passage is ______.
A．The Funniest Nationality
B．A Global Poll Conducted by Badoo.Com
C．Americans Won the Funniest Nationality
D．Americans Voted “Funniest Nation”, Germans “Least Funny”
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届福建安溪一中养正中学高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
BEIJING—Eating at a Beijing restaurant is usually an adventure for foreigners, and particularly when they get the chance to order “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head”.
Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes. And their complaints are often valid(有效), but such an experience at Beijing’s restaurants will apparently soon be history.
Foreign visitors will no longer, hopefully, be confused by oddly worded restaurant menus in the capital if the government’s plan to correctly translate 3,000 Chinese dishes is a success and the translations are generally adopted.
The municipal(市政) office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations. “It provides the names of main dishes of famous Chinese cuisines in plain English,” an official with the city’s Foreign Affairs office said. “Restaurants are encouraged to use the proposed translations, but it will not be compulsory.” It’s the city’s latest effort to bridge the culture gap for foreign travelers in China.
Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task, as some Chinese culinary(烹饪) techniques are untranslatable and many Chinese dishes have no English-language equivalent. The translators, after conducting a study of Chinese restaurants in English-speaking countries, divided the dish names into four categories: ingredients, cooking method, taste and name of a person or a place. For some traditional dishes, pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system, is used, such as mapo tofu(previously often literally translated as “beancurd made by woman with freckles”), baozi(steamed stuffed bun) and jiaozi(dumplings) to “reflect the Chinese cuisine culture,” according to the book.
“The book is a blessing to tourist guides like me. Having it, I don’t have to rack my brains trying to explain Chinese dishes to foreign travellers,” said Zheng Xiaodong, a 31-year-old employee with a Beijing-based travel agency.
“I will buy the book as I major in English literature and I’d like to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to more foreign friends,” said Han Yang, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics.
It is not clear if the book will be introduced to other parts of China. But on Tuesday, this was the most discussed topic on weibo.com, China’s most popular microblogging site.
1.What’s the best title of the passage?
A．An adventure for foreigners who eat in Beijing.
B．Confusing mistranslations of Chinese dishes.
C．Chinese dishes to have “official” English names.
D．The effort to bridge the culture gap.
2. “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head” are mentioned in the beginning of the passage to show .
A．some Chinese dishes are not well received
B．some Chinese dishes are hard to translate
C．some Chinese dishes are mistranslated
D．some Chinese dishes are not acceptable
3.What measure has the municipal office taken?
A．Recommending a book on Chinese dishes.
B．Advocating(提倡) using precise translation for Chinese dishes.
C．Publishing a book on China’s dietary habits.
D．Providing the names of main Chinese dishes.
4.What’s the meaning of daunting in paragraph 5?
A．confusing B．disappointing C．discouraging D．Worthwhile
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