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Dear Li Hua,

I'm glad to have received your letter dated Oct 6,asking my advice on whether students can carry smartphones to school or not.______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Anna

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She cared for children so much that she devoted most of her time to children ________work after graduation from a university.

A. career B. business C. welfare D. profit

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You have a backache; your legs are painful after a basketball match¡ªwhat better than a relaxing massage (°´Ä¦)?

Scientists now say they have figured out the reason why a massage brings comfort. They say a massage changes how some of your proteins (µ°°×ÖÊ) act.This makes your muscles less inflamed (·¢Ñ×µÄ), according to the Los Angeles Times.

The leader of the study, Professor Mark Tarnopolsky at McMaster University, Canada, chose several healthy young men for the experiment.He asked them to do very tiring exercise. Then he looked at how the cells changed in their legs.After this, the men were given a massage on only one leg and Tarnopolsky recorded any cell changes again.

Tarnopolsky and his team found that massaging made the inflammation caused by exercise get better because it weakened the activity of a protein called NF?kB.

Scientists also noticed that massaging helped cells recover from exercise damage.When muscles were being massaged, the amount of another protein called PGC?lalpha increased. This kind of protein can stimulate (´Ù½ø) the growth of a tiny part inside cells called mitochondria (ÏßÁ£Ìå)£®

People used to think that massaging eases pain by clearing away the lactic acid (ÈéËá) which built up after exercise. However, Tarnopolsky and his team didn't see any changes to lactic acid.

Thomas Birk is a professor at Wayne State University, US. He said that the study was the first he had seen to analyze massage in such depth. He said they wanted to start research 10 years ago, but technology was not yet good enough.

One day massages could be used to treat injuries and muscle disease. They may even be able to replace some anti?inflammatory medicines, said Birk. But, he said, more research is needed for masseurs (°´Ä¦Ê¦) to figure out the best massages for different diseases.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. A new way to massage.

B. The best way to relax after doing sports.

C. New research into massages.

D. The advantages of a massage.

2.How can a massage bring comfort according to the article?

A. It weakens the activity of the protein NF?kB.

B. It helps protein recover from exercise damage.

C. It can clear away the mitochondria in muscles.

D. It can prevent inflammation in muscles.

3.What does the underlined word ¡°eases¡± in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A. makes easier B. reduces

C. puts up with D. stops

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. It was believed that massages cleared away lactic acid.

B. Research into massages started 10 years ago.

C. Massages are used to treat muscle diseases in hospitals.

D. Massages will reduce the amount of protein PGC?lalpha.

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People who do not smoke have less ________ of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.

A. potential B. pattern

C. preference D. prejudice

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¡°When in Rome, do as the Romans do¡±, so when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know French culture, to make marketing plans, and to run your business by local laws.

1. The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country¡¯s culture and language.

There are obvious ways of greeting people in French. When you meet someone new, it¡¯s usual to shake his hand firmly and always look at the person in the eye. 2.

Dress well. 3. Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practiced widely by business women.

The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours. 4.

Do not begin eating until the host says, ¡°Bon appetite¡±. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. 5. This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who invites always pays.

A. The French draw information about people based on their appearance.

B. This is a time for relationship building.

C. Maybe you have heard the expression.

D. Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France.

E. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food.

F. When you meet a friend, kissing is common.

G. English and French are both spoken in formal occasions.

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Light travels£¨´«²¥£©at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound.In one second,light travels about 300,000 km,but sound travels only 344m.You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race£¨±ÈÈü£©.If you stand some distance away from the starter,you can see smoke come from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.This great speed of light produces£¨²úÉú£©some strange facts.Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us.If you look at the light of the moon tonight,remember that the light rays£¨¹âÏߣ©left the moon 1.3 seconds

before they reached you.

The nearest star is so far away that the light which you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km per minute.In some cases£¨ÔÚijÖÖÇé¿öÏ£©the light from one of tonight's stars started on its journey to you before you were born.

Thus,if we want to be honest,we cannot say "The stars are shinning£¨·¢¹â£©tonight."We have to say,"The stars look pretty.They were shining four years ago but their light has only just reached Earth."

1.If you stand 200 meters away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race,you will find out that _____.

A. you can hear the gun before you see the smoke.

B. the sound of the gun will reach you before the man fires his gun.

C. sound does not travel as fast as light.

D. sound travels about a million times faster than light.

2.Sunlight clearly_____than the light of the moon.

A. moves less quickly B. has to travel a greater distance

C. travels much more quickly D. is less powerful

3.What does " it" in the second paragraph refer to?

A. moon light B. light rays

C. the moon D. the nearest star

4.The scientific way of saying " The stars are shining tonight" should be________.

A. the stars have been shining all the time.

B. the stars seen tonight will be shining four years later.

C. the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago.

D. the stars were shining long ago but are seen tonight.

5.The light of the nearest star you see tonight has been ______ for years.

A. away from the star B. on the moon

C. away from the sun D. on the earth

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Here's a new warning from health experts£ºsitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for long periods, even if you exercise regularly, could be bad for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place¡ªin the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV. Just the overall number of hours it takes counts. Several studies suggest people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.

While health officials have issued (·¢²¼) guidelines advising on the least amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated position.

¡°After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send harmful signals£¬¡± said Ekblom?Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences. She explained that genes controlling the amount of glucose (ÆÏÌÑÌÇ) and fat in the body start to shut down.

Even for people who exercise, spending long periods of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day but still spend a lot of time sitting might get more benefits if that exercise were spread across the day, rather than in a single hour.

Still in a study that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat more had a higher death risk, whether they exercised or not.

Experts said more research is needed to figure out just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.

¡°People should keep exercising because that has a lot of benefits£¬¡± Ekblom?Bak said. ¡°And when they're in the office, they should try to interrupt sitting as often as possible. ¡±

1.The underlined word ¡°offset¡± in Paragraph 6 most probably means ¡°________¡±£®

A. turn to B. work out

C. get rid of D. make use of

2.Sitting too much is dangerous because it can ______.

A. make a person unable to exercise enough in a day

B. destroy the balance of glucose and fat the body

C. increase glucose and fat in the body

D. make a person become lazy

3.In the opinion of Ekblom?Bak, when at work, you'd better have a rest by ________.

A. sending your friends e?mails

B. taking a walk around your office

C. chatting online or playing computer games

D. listening to music while sitting

4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Side Effects of Sitting Too Much

B. Don't Sit Too Much While Working

C. More and More People Sit Too Much

D. Sitting Too Much Could Be Dangerous

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The famous musician£¬as well as his students£¬________ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.

A. were invited B. was invited

C. have been invited D. has been invited

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Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know¡ªor even think to ask¡ªwho it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business.Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman¡¯s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn¡¯t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren¡¯t using his carts. ¡°Don¡¯t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?¡± one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn¡¯t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come¡ªthose who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today¡¯s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman¡¯s original model. Perhaps that¡¯s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937¡ªbefore the coming of the shopping cart.

1.What do the underlined words ¡° chrome-plated contraptions¡± in the first paragraph refer to?

A. Baskets. B. Private cars.

C. Suitcases. D. Shopping carts.

2.What was the purpose of Goldman¡¯s invention?

A. It was to prove him to be a good inventor.

B. It was to reduce the burden of his employees' work.

C. It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.

D. It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market.

3.Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to

A. attract people to buy things in his market

B. encourage people to use his shopping carts

C. make his market different from the others

D. keep the groceries from being stolen

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Goldman will become very famous because of his invention.

B. Goldman's invention will be regarded as the greatest one in the world.

C. Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldman's invention.

D. There will be nothing that can replace Goldman's invention.

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