Question

Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time. Without treatment, a bad cut can lead to permanent damage. But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention? We asked Dr Martin Brown, chairman of the department of emergency medicine at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.
First, the medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration(严重划破，撕裂伤). Dr Brown says the length is usually not as important as the depth. He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. “If you have a short but deep laceration where there’s been a structure underneath that’s been damaged - a tendon, a nerve, a blood vessel,” says Martin, “it may, in fact, need professional attention.”
Some injuries - like a fingertip that gets cut off - might even require surgery to repair. That requires a specialist to either file(锉平) down the bone or reattach the fingertip. More often, filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.
How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is. Minor cuts usually produce what is known as venous (静脉) bleeding. This means the blood flows steadily from the injury. The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound. Dr Brown says in most cases holding direct pressure with clean gauze or a cloth for four to five minutes should stop the bleeding. With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood. But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial(动脉) bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.
Even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection. Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water. Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty. Dr Brown says cuts should be covered with a clean, dry bandage

1. 1.
   What does the writer want to tell the readers in the first paragraph?
   1. A.
      Hospital emergency rooms always treat injured fingers
   2. B.
      A bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention
   3. C.
      Dr Martin Brown is in charge of Inova Alexandria Hospital
   4. D.
      It is important for us to be able to tell how serious a finger cut is
2. 2.
   According to the passage, ______.
   1. A.
      a finger cut without treatment can lead to permanent damage
   2. B.
      the length of a cut on a finger is more important than the depth
   3. C.
      a long but not very deep cut often doesn’t need professional attention
   4. D.
      a short but deep laceration that has been damaged need professional attention
3. 3.
   The underlined word “reattach” in Para.3 is closest in meaning to______.
   1. A.
      repair
   2. B.
      rebuild
   3. C.
      reconstruct
   4. D.
      reconnect
4. 4.
   Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
   1. A.
      How a wound bleeds can show us how serious the wound could be
   2. B.
      Venous bleeding will often stop when we put pressure on the wound
   3. C.
      Holding up the hand with a finger cut can reduce the loss of blood
   4. D.
      Arterial bleeding should get professional treatment as soon as possible
5. 5.
   The best title of this passage should be______.
   1. A.
      Hospital Emergency Treatments For Injured Fingers
   2. B.
      When a Cut Finger Is More Serious Than It Might Seem
   3. C.
      Serious Finger Cut That Requires Medical Attention
   4. D.
      Keep Finger Cuts Clean to Prevent Serious Infection

Answer 1

DCDCB
试题解析：文章叙述的是手指的画上和撕裂伤不能小视，介绍了应该怎样正确判断伤情已经应该怎样采取治疗措施。
1.细节推理题。根据第一段内容：医院急诊室一直在治疗受伤的手指。如果不治疗，严重的受伤可以导致永久性的损伤。但如何知道流血严重到需要就医呢？得出D正确。
2.细节判断题。根据第二段第三句话He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep.得出C正确。
3.词义猜测题。A. repair 重修 B. rebuild重建 C. reconstruct 重建 D. reconnect重联
根据划线词后句More often, filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.更多的时候，锯下来骨头是因为指尖重新接骨往往是不成功的，所以D正确。
4.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is.得出A，第四句The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound，得出B,根据最后一句But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial(动脉) bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.得出D，所以C不符合事实。
5.主旨大意题。通过全文叙述强调手指割伤的严重程度不能小视，介绍怎样判断受伤的的严重程度，得出B正确。
考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。