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12.Death rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40percent in a decade,UK scientists will report today.
Wide uptake of cholesterol-busting statin drugs(降胆固醇药),healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks,stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的) problems.
However,heart disease remains Britain's biggest killer.
The new study,by experts at Oxford University,shows there has been a 44.4percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011.
The team compared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe.They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe,with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000men in 2011,and 232per 100,000women.
Some nations---including Ukraine,Macedonia and Moldova-see more than 1,000heart deaths per 100,000of the population.
Overall,heart disease causes 45percent of all deaths across Europe,but only 27percent in the UK.The study,led by Dr Nick Townsend,showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.
But researchers said that across Europe  it  still causes more than 1.4million deaths in those aged under 75and nearly 700,000deaths in under 65s.Dr Townsend said:"Cardiovascular disease results in 49percent of deaths among women and 41per cent among men."

5.From the text we can knowD.
A.heart disease no longer threatens the British
B.the heart death rate among British men is lower than among women
C.the old mainly dies of stroke in Europe
D.the heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than in Britain
6.What does the underlined word"it"in the last paragraph refer to?B
A.Stroke.    
B.Cardiovascular disease.
C.Lung disease.
D.Heart attacks.
7.How does the author support his idea?A
A.By analyzing data.
B.By following processes.
C.By describing his own experiences.
D.By discussing research experiments.
8.Where is the text most likely to have been taken from?C
A.A speech                B.A story         
C.A scientific study      D.A personal diary.

分析 本文的科普类说明文,文章介绍因为降胆固醇药、改善了的医疗实践和健康的生活方式,近十年来因心脏病而死亡的比率在英国下降了40%;调查数据显示在英国的记录数据在欧洲是最好的,但是它仍是英国最大的杀手;心血管病主要是老年病,但是它仍会导致很多75和65岁以下的人的死亡;

解答 5.答案选D.细节理解题;由第五段中"They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe,with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000men in 2011,and 232per 100,000women."可知英国每10万人中男性有342人因心脏病而死亡,女性有232人因心脏病而死亡;由第六段中"Some nations---including Ukraine,Macedonia and Moldova-see more than 1,000heart deaths per 100,000of the population."可知在 Ukraine每10万人中因心脏病而死亡的人数超过1000,可见答案选D.
6.答案选B.词义猜测题;由倒数第二段中"The study,led by Dr Nick Townsend,showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age."心血管病主要是老年病;随后在最后一段中作者说明,它仍导致很多75和65岁以下的人的死亡;由此判断这里的it指的是上文中的 cardiovascular disease,故选B.
7.答案选A.写作手法判断题;文章中多处列举数据进行分析,故选A.
8.答案选C.推断题;根据文章内容判断来源;本文分析因心脏病而死亡的比率在英国大幅度下降,但仍然是英国的最大杀手;所以判断这是科普类文章,故答案选C.

点评 科普文通常学术性较强,结构严谨,往往采用总-分-总或总-分的结构,且每段的第一句话大多是主旨句.如果抓住了科普文的首尾和每段的第一句话,那么整篇文章的中心思想便了然于心.在做细节题时根据题干定位细节,在语境中正确理解原句,然后对照选项做出合理的判断

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