Simon Sinek is naturally shy and doesn’t like speaking to crowds．At parties，he says he hides alone in the corner or doesn’t even show up in the first place．He prefers the latter．Yet，with some 22 million video views under his belt，the optimistic ethnographer also happens to be the third most watched TED Talks presenter of all time．

Sinek’s unlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling author isn’t just dumb luck．It’s the result of fears faced and erased，trial and error and tireless practice，on and off stage．Here are his secrets for delivering speeches that inspire，inform and entertain．

Don’t talk right away．

Sinek says you should never talk as you walk out on stage．“A lot of people start talking right away，and it’s out of nerves,” Sinek says．“That communicates a little bit of insecurity and fear．”

Instead，quietly walk out on stage．Then take a deep breath，find your place，wait a few seconds and begin．“I know it sounds long and tedious and it feels excruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says，“but it shows the audience you’re totally confident and in charge of the situation．”

Show up to give，not to take．

Often people give presentations to sell products or ideas，to get people to follow them on social media，buy their books or even just to like them．Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away．And，when they do，they disengage．

“We are highly social animals,” says Sinek．“Even at a distance on stage，we can tell if you’re a giver or a taker，and people are more likely to trust a giver — a speaker that gives them value，that teaches them something new，that inspires them — than a taker．”

Speak unusually slowly．

When you get nervous，it’s not just your heart beat that quickens．Your words also tend to speed up．Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than we know．

“They want you to succeed up there，but the more you rush，the more you turn them off,” he says．“If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long，deep breath，they’ll wait for you．It’s kind of amazing．”

Turn nervousness into excitement．

Sinek learned this trick from watching the Olympics．A few years ago he noticed that reporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were all asking the same question．“Were you nervous？” And all of the athletes gave the same answer: “No，I was exciteD． ” These competitors were taking the body’s signs of nervousness—clammy hands，pounding heart and tense nerves—and reinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration．

When you’re up on stage you will likely go through the same thing．That’s when Sinek says you should say to yourself out loud，“I’m not nervous，I’m excited！”

Say thank you when you’re done．

Applause is a gift，and when you receive a gift，it’s only right to express how grateful you are for it．This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with these two simple yet powerful words: thank you．

“They gave you their time，and they’re giving you their applause．” Says Sinek．“That’s a gift，and you have to be grateful．”

Tom pretended ________when the teacher came.（ ）

A．to read B．to be reading

C．to have read D．reading

--- Have you ________?

--- No．I dialed the wrong number.（ ）

A．got in B．got away

C．got off D．got through

The old man _______ his load on the ground and _______ down to have a rest.（ ）

A．lay; lay B．laid; lay

C．laid; laid D．lied; lied

Although the country has had political independence for over a century,_______ it needs support of its neighbors..（ ）

A．naturally B．fortunately

C．particularly D．economically

I don’t think it is teachers who _________ for giving students too much pressure.（ ）

A．are going to blame B．are to blame

C．are to be blamed D．should blame

This special school accepts all disabled students, _____ educational level and background.（ ）

A．according to B．as a consequence of

C．in addition to D．regardless of

_____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of life.（ ）

A．Seen; frightened B．Seeing; frightening

C．Seeing; frightened D．To see; frightening

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Whenever we do something wrong, Jesus Christ sees it．He loves us and doesn’t say it．Perhaps he’s wondering how long we’ll keep our mind suffering．A little boy named Johnny was visiting his grandparents on their farm and he was given a slingshot(弹弓) to play with out in the woods．He .for some time but he could never hit the target he had set for himself．Getting a little , he walked back to the farmhouse for dinner．As he was _ back, he saw Grandpa’s pet duck．Just out of , he let the slingshot fly , hitting it in the head ,and killed it．In a panic, he the dead duck in the woodpile, only to see his sister Sally be watching him．Sally had seen all this, but she said ．After lunch that day Grandma said, “Sally, it’s your turn to wash the dishes.” But Sally said, “Grandma, Johnny told me he wanted to help in the kitchen.” And then she spoke to him, “Remember the duck？” So Johnny did the dishes．Later that day, Grandpa asked if wanted to go fishing, but Grandma said, “I’m sorry but I need Sally to help me make supper.” But Sally just smiled and said, “Well, that’s all right because Johnny told me he was too to help you．And she whispered again, “Remember the duck?” So Sally went fishing and Johnny to help make supper．After several days of doing both his and Sally’s, Johnny finally couldn’t it any longer．He came to his Grandma and told her that he had killed the duck .Grandma smiled and gave him a big ．“Sweetheart, I know．You see, I was watering the flowers at the window I saw you shoot my duck with the slingshot, and I saw the whole thing．But because I love you, I you．I was just wondering how long you would let Sally _ of you.”

In reality, no matter how _ or how uncomfortable it is to admit our wrongdoing, we should always choose to it and work it through instead of running away from it．Hard as it is, it us and makes us who we are.

1.A．promoted B．exercised C．practiced D．consumed

2.A．delighted B．upset C．amazed D．scared

3.A．running B．rushing C．heading D．leaving

4.A．sympathy B．pride C．impulse D．politeness

5.A．hung B．presented C．protected D．hid

6.A．should B．shall C．must D．might

7.A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything

8.A．loudly B．softly C．guiltily D．innocently

9.A．Sally B．Johnny C．the children D．Grandma

10.A．reluctant B．willing C．curious D．cautious

11.A．kept up B．held back C．left behind D．stayed behind

12.A．chores B．homework C．games D．sports

13.A．accept B．stand C．withdraw D．allow

14.A．hug B．blow C．reward D．award

15.A．whereas B．as C．while D．when

16.A．appreciate B．admire C．forgive D．force

17.A．put the blame B．make friends C．put pressure D．make a slave

18.A．doubtful B．grateful C．harmful D．painful

19.A．reject B．control C．face D．witness

20.A．develops B．shapes C．ruins D．prepares

Dear Mr．Watson,

CLAIM AL54323432–-STORM DAMAGE TO ROOF

I received a cheque for $623 dated 26 January in payment of my recent claim(索赔)．However, I wish to tell you how upset I have been by the way your Claims Assessor, Mr．Michael Tan, handled this claim．

When Mr．Tan first called me, he specifically told me that he believed I had been overcharged, and he would expect to pay that price for work on a double garage, rather than a single garage like mine．Mr．Tan suggested that I neither use nor recommend this contractor again．He continued to tell me it was unlikely for me to receive full payment．Never during this conversation did he mention that the reason for not receiving full payment was because of the nature of my insurance policy．

Consequently, I wrote to Mr．Lance Ashe to complain about his pricing, stating that I was very upset thinking that he could have taken advantage by overcharging a 73-year-old woman．Mr．Ashe telephoned me immediately and explained his charges in detail．He later reported back to me that Mr．Tan explained that I would not receive full payment because of the type of policy I hold, which does not cover wear and tear．This was the first time this issue had been brought to my attention, so you can imagine my surprise．

When I received Mr．Tan’s letter of 2 February, this situation was explained．If this had been explained in the first place I would have accepted it and would not have questioned Mr．Ashe’s charges．Instead, by telling me initially that I had been overcharged for this work, he caused a great deal of upset, not only for me but also for Mr．Ashe．

I believed this claim was handled badly by Mr．Tan from the beginning．Therefore, a great deal of embarrassment has been caused over this issue．

I felt you should know how disappointed and upset I am．I trust you will look into this and ensure that such claims are handled more appropriately in the future．

Yours sincerely,

Mrs．Richard

1.We can learn from the passage that Mr．Tan works in a/an _______.

A．welfare organization

B．nursing house

C．local affairs office

D．insurance company

2.The underlined words “the contractor” in Para.2 refer to ______.

A．Mr．Tan

B．Mrs．Richard

C．Mr．Ashe

D．Mr．Watson

3.The author could not receive full payment because _______.

A．her policy doesn’t cover some of the items

B．the contractor overcharged her for the work

C．Mr．Watson doesn’t take the matter seriously

D．she spent too much money fixing her garage

4.The author writes this letter to ______.

A．inform the manager of a payment

B．complain about a mishandled case

C．demand an apology from Mr．Watson

D．require the manager to fire Mr．Tan