Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper.

The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.

They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.

The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological (气象的) Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.

Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.

If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.

Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.

1.You would most likely find the article in ________.

A. a doctor’s diary B. a travel journal

C. a medical magazine D. a physics textbook

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness.

B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all.

C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.

D. The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK.

3.Human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach because ________.

A. snow produces more UV light than water

B. people don’t wear sunscreen while skiing as they do while sitting on the beach

C. the reflection rate of UV light in snow-covered areas is much higher than that on the beach

D. human eyes are exposed longer to UV light in the snow- covered areas than on the beach

4.What will the passage most probably talk about next?

A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.

B. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.

C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.

D. Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.

Five Ways to Improve Reading Comprehension

Help your child keep what he reads—a crucial skill, especially as he gets older and needs to gain important information from textbooks.

Have him read aloud. This forces him to go slower, which gives him more time to process what he reads. 1. Provide the right kinds of books. Make sure your child gets lots of practice reading books that aren’t too hard. 2. Stopping any more often than that to figure out a word makes it tough for him to focus on the overall meaning of the story.

3. To gain meaning from text, your child needs to read quickly and smoothly—a skill known as fluency. Rereading familiar, simple books gives your child practice at decoding words quickly, so he’ll become more fluent.

Supplement class reading. If his class is studying a particular theme, look for easy-to-read books or magazines on the topic. 4.

Talk about what he’s reading. 5. Ask questions before, during, and after a reading session.

For example:

•Before: “What interests you in this book? What doesn’t?”

•During: “What’s going on in the book? Is it turning out the way you thought it would?”

•After: “Can you summarize the book? What did you like about it?”

A. He should recognize at least 90 percent of the words without any help.

B. Select books that are appealing to your child but not too challenging.

C. Some prior knowledge will help him get better prepared and make his way through tougher classroom texts.

D. This “verbal processing” helps him remember and think through the themes of the book.

E. Plus, he’s not only seeing the words, he’s hearing them, too.

F. Have him reread to build fluency.

G. Increase the speed of reading.

Christina Parra brushed her cane(手杖) across the carpet at the entrance to Walgreens. She tapped her way past the shopping carts (手推车) and red lipsticks she could only _______.

Christina, a 16-year-old with two prosthetic(假的) brown eyes, had visited this store several times in _______ for this moment: She was shopping. Love songs _______ through the loudspeakers of the North Highlands, California store. Christina reached the end of Aisle (通道) 1-A and turned right, _______ her way past smooth bottles of liquid soap, toward the individual soap bars. She wanted to buy a bar of soap. A simple goal, but not _______ an easy one.

Christina was 18 months old when she was diagnosed with cancer in both her eyes. Doctors _______Christina’s left eye immediately; a few years later, they removed the right. Since then, activities other kids _______ for granted—taking a bus, _______ the street, shopping at a store—have posed(造成) plenty of _______ for her.

The teacher showed the little girl how to find her classroom by __________ her cane along a lawn’s edge. She learned to count driveways while __________ to a certain address. Yet for a long time, shopping still seemed __________. How would she ever walk __________ those vast aisles, __________with row after row of products she couldn’t see?

Finally, Christina told her teacher that she was ready to shop__________. Together, they took inventory (目录册) at Walgreens. Over the course of several __________, Zermeno told Christina the kinds of products each aisle held; Christina took careful __________ on her Braille computer (盲人电脑).

And __________ it was, on Monday, that her __________came to rest on the bars of soap. She felt her way down to a lower shelf, until she __________ the one she wanted.

1.A. see B. find C. imagine D. smell

2.A. search B. preparation C. praise D. favor

3.A. went B. got C. flew D. passed

4.A. forcing B. feeling C. finding D. losing

5.A. fortunately B. clearly C. necessarily D. differently

6.A. removed B. cured C. treated D. rebuilt

7.A. make B. take C. have D. get

8.A. cleaning B. building C. crossing D. wandering

9.A. challenges B. joy C. pleasure D. disasters

10.A. waving B. tapping C. touching D. moving

11.A. appearing B. turning C. pointing D. walking

12.A. scary B. uncertain C. possible D. frightened

13.A. across B. through C. over D. by

14.A. surrounded B. covered C. filled D. decorated

15.A. of her own B. on her own C. to her own D. at her own

16.A. failures B. efforts C. attempts D. visits

17.A. notice B. attention C. focus D. notes

18.A. so B. yet C. moreover D. besides

19.A. cane B. fingers C. nose D. cart

20.A. saw B. smelled C. bought D. located

Disposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes 1. (increase) difficult.

During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot 2. a dump site (垃圾场). People 3. (transport) household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Regularly some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The 4.(pleasant) sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories, mills (制造厂), and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted 5.(remaining) into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices 6.(accept) to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, 7. are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. The land is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. A long distance dump has been a common practice, 8. once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent. 9.(aware) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

10.(recycle) efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有

10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

A kind of little cars may someday take place of today’s big ones. If all the people who drive such cars in the future, there will be fewer pollution in the air. There will be more space for parking cars in cities. The streets will be less crowd. And driving will be safe as these little cars can go only 65 km per hour. The future cars will be fine for getting round a city, so they will not be useful for long trips. Little cars will go 200 km before needing to stop for more gases. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big fast cars and another roads will be needed for the slow small ones. It is said that three so little cars can fit in with the space now needed for one car of the usual size.

假设你是成都七中学生王小明，你校外教 Martin 最近退休了。请你代表全校学生根据以下要点，给他写一封感谢信:

1. 感谢他对学生的付出;

2. 回忆师生共度的快乐时光;

3. 祝福他退休生活愉快。

注意： 1、字数 100 词左右；

2、可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；

3、信的开头和结尾已为你写好 Dear Martin,

How are you doing recently?

Best wishes,

Your students from Chengdu No. 7 High School

BRAD GARRETT’S COMEDY CLUB

Category: Comedy

Best known for his role on the Emmy award-winning sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond, Brad Garrett returns to his Vegas roots with his comedy club at the MGM Grand. It is a good place to check out when you need a break from work.

Prices from: $56.40 and up

Age restriction: Must be 21 years of age or older

Show Length: 115 minutes

MAC KING COMEDY MAGIC SHOW

Category: Comedy, Magic

Mac King Comedy Magic Show is different every afternoon, with lots of audience participation. He is willing to make fun of himself instead of his guests in order to make everyone feel welcome and entertained. The afternoon is kid-friendly from start to finish. Still, whether you’re eight or 80, you won’t be able to figure out King’s secrets.

Prices from: $40.90 and up

Age restriction: No age restriction

Show Length: 90 minutes

THE MENTALIST, GERRY MCCAMBRIDGE

Category: Comedy, Magic

Using his skills as a “mentalist”, Gerry McCambridge shocks the crowds as he uses his abilities to predict just what audience members will do next. Anyone who has seen the show has walked away in disbelief, amazed by his unusual power.

Prices from: $34.99  and up

Age restriction: Under 13 will not be admitted into the theater

Show Length: 75 minutes

ROCK OF AGES

Category: Plays & Musicals

The cheerful Rock of Ages brings audiences back to the times of big hair and even bigger bands with 28 popular rock songs from the 80s including “Every Rose Has Its Thorn,” “I Wanna Know What Love Is,” “Here I Go Again,” and more.

Rock of Ages has been nominated for five Tony Awards including Best Musical and Best Direction of a Musical. It also received a Drama League nomination for Distinguished Production for a Musical.

Prices from: $74.00 and up

Age restriction: Must be 15 years of age or older

Show Length: 125 minutes

1.Who is most likely to be able to read audiences’ minds?

A. Raymond. B. Mac King.

C. Brad Garrett. D. Gerry McCambridge.

2.Which of the following is good for a kid of 10 years old to go to?

A. Gerry McCambridge’s show. B. Brad Garrett’s Comedy Club.

C. Mac King’s comedy magic show. D. Performances of Rock Of Ages.

3.If someone is interested in musicals, his best choice must be ______.

A. ROCK OF AGES

B. BRAD GARRETT’S COMEDY CLUB

C. MAC KING COMEDY MAGIC SHOW

D. THE MENTALIST, GERRY MCCAMBRIDGE

（吉林省吉林市2016高三第三次调研） On a hot summer day in America a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. He dived into the cool water, not realizing that as he swam towards the middle of the lake, a crocodile (鳄鱼) was swimming toward him.

His mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer. In great fear, she ran toward the water, shouting to her son as loudly as she could. Hearing her voice, the little boy became alarmed and made a U-turn to swim to his mother. It was too late. Just as he reached her, the crocodile reached him. From the shore, the mother grabbed her little boy by the arms just as the crocodile snatched his legs. That began an incredible tug-of-war (拔河) between the two. The crocodile was much stronger than the mother, but the mother was much too passionate to let go. A farmer happened to drive by, heard their screams, raced from his truck, took aim and shot the crocodile.

Remarkably, after weeks and weeks in the hospital, the little boy survived. His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal. And, on his arms, were deep scratches where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.

The newspaper reporter, who interviewed the boy, asked if he would show him his scars. The boy lifted his legs. And then, with obvious pride, he said to the reporter, “But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my Mom wouldn’t let go.”

Never judge another person's scars, because you don't know how they were made.

1.Which of the following is most related to the underlined word “passionate”?

A. Anxious. B. Determined. C. Frightened. D. Courageous.

2.By saying “But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too” in the fourth paragraph, the boy really wants to show__________.

A. how many scars and scratches he had

B. how deep the scars made by the crocodile were

C. how great and beloved his mother was

D. what a brave and courageous boy he was

3.In the story the writer intends to tell us that __________.

A. scars always remind people of their past experiences

B. it’s dangerous to swim alone in the water

C. the boy also feels painful in his mind

D. scars do not necessarily mean pain at all times

4.Which of the following will be the best title for the text?

A. A Terrible Experience

B. Women Hold up Half the Sky

C. Scars of Love

D. Don't Judge by Appearances

（重庆一中2016届高三5月模拟）For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.

Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1, 000 stars, all within 100 light years of earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to “listen” for radio messages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal they stands out from the background noise.

Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like our sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution of life. Based on the inhabitable（that can be lived in）planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets support some life.

However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.

Other scientists believe that our search hasn’t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family is only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time, some scientists think it is likely that civilization much more advanced than ours have developed. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.

1.According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?

A. 5 billion． B. 10 billion.

C. 15 billion. D. 200 billion

2.The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ________ .

A. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

3.The underlined word “monitor” in the passage means“ ________ ”.

A. find B. imitate

C. check D. form

4.Which of these statements is true based on the information in the passage?

A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

D. Scientists don’t believe that there might be life on other planets.

（内蒙古赤峰市高三2016届三模）“I have rights. I have the right of education. I have the right to play. I have the right to sing. I have the right to talk. I have the right to go to market.I have the right to speak up.”

That was Malala Yousafzai. She was _______about girls' rights to an education, something _______by the Taliban militant group.

About a year after that interview, 15-year old Malala was shot _______the head by a Taliban gunman. She ________, and continued her work to help young women get an education. On Friday, at age 17, Malala became the youngest person ever awarded a Nobel Peace prize. She _______it with Kailash Satyarthi of India. The 60-year-old activist has led peaceful demonstrations _______child slavery and forced labor.

The _______that the award is shared is significant. Malala is a Pakistani Muslim, Satyarthi is an Indian Hindu.Their nations are_______. Malala says the award gives a message to people of love between Pakistan and India and between different ______.

Malala came to the press conference _______from school. She spoke mostly without note, she talked for about 15 minutes, and she described how she'd been in the _______lesson at 10:15 in the morning, and she knew it was a(an)________day, she knew the Nobel Peace awards were going to be announced, and at 10:15 she had said to______, that she didn't expect that she was going to get the award.

Then a teacher came to the chemistry class________she was, and she was________to one side told that she had won the award, but she decided__________ that that she would stay and finish her lesson.

She had a physics lesson before coming and________the speech. And she talked about how she felt honored to have received this award.

“I'm feeling honored that I'm being______as a Nobel laureate(获奖者), and I have been honored with this-this______award to the Nobel Peace Prize. And I'm proud that I'm the______Pakistani and the first young woman or the first young person who's getting this award. It's a great honor for me.”

1.A. taking up B. holding up C. summing up D. speaking up

2.A. supported B. approved C. objected D. opposed

3.A. in B. at C. on D. to

4.A. died B. struggled C. escaped D. survived

5.A. speaks B. shares C. gets D. accepts

6.A. for B. towards C. against D. through

7.A. news B. information C. idea D. fact

8.A. friends B. rivals C. relatives D. neighbors

9.A. religions B. cultures C. countries D. areas

10.A. slowly B. hurriedly C. quickly D. direct

11.A. math B. chemistry C. physics D. geography

12.A. important B. necessary C. wonderful D. useful

13.A. her B. them C. herself D. themselves

14.A. who B. which C. where D. what

15.A. taken B. fetched C. brought D. carried

16.A. beyond B. beneath C. beside D. despite

17.A. giving B. offering C. leading D. talking

18.A. advised B. realized C. chosen D. asked

19.A. splendid B. precious C. concise D. enormous

20.A. best B. first C. greatest D. smartest