Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave—and mighty(强大的) forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet(子弹)—and stopped him cold.”

Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks(挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

1.Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?

A. He faced huge risks. B. He lacked mighty forces.

C. Fear prevented him from trying. D. Failure blocked his way to success.

2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?

A. Swallow more than you can digest. B. Act slightly above your abilities.

C. Develop more mysterious powers. D. Learn to make creative decisions.

3.What can be learned from Paragraph 5?

A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults. B. Trying without success is meaningless.

C. Repeated failure creates a better life. D. Boldness can be gained little by little.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A. To encourage people to be courageous. B. To advise people to build up physical power.

C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success. D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.

Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.

Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.

People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g. “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g. “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.

Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.

Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation(正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity....Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.

1.People volunteer mainly out of __________.

A. academic requirements B. social expectations

C. financial rewards D. internal needs

2.What can we learn from the Florida study?

A. Follow-up studies should last for one year. B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.

C. Strategy training is a must in research. D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.

3.What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?

A. Individual differences in role identity. B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.

C. Role identity as a volunteer. D. Practical advice from researchers.

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A. How to Get People to Volunteer B. How to Study Volunteer Behaviors

C. How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest D. How to Organize Volunteer Activities

1. One of the best things you can possibly do is to start you own club． It’s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there’s never anything to do during the school holidays．

The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club．2. Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless．

Next you need some friends to be in your club with you3. All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you．

4. You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up That’ll keep you busy for ages．

At your first meeting you should make up a rule book． And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!

Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards． These are very important and again you can spend a lot of time making them.5. Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it．

So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you’ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!

A. That’s easy．

B. Enjoy your own club!

C. Invite a designer to join you．

D. What are you interest in?

E. Some vacation is just around the corner．

F. Then you need to pick a name for your club．

G. Use a bright thick pen to make a special design．

When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter, he did not expect much. Yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat. He ______ her Inky.

“ I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats ______ playmates,” Kruger, the 70-year-old man, says. “My hearing was damaged by the _______of farm equipment, so I learned to connect with _______. They react to what they see and what you do. ”

Inky was a gentle cat, ______ the house with five other cats. But on a January night in 2009, Inky did ______ that would set her apart from ______ cats forever.

Kruger had gone down to the basement to______ the wood stove for the night. When he was finished, he ______ to the top of the stairs and reached to turn off the lights. In doing so, he slipped and _____ his back against an old shelf. The heavy shelf came crashing down and sent Kruger down the stairs.

___ in a pool of blood on the basement floor, Kruger felt______ going into shock（休克）. He shouted for help , ______ his wife, Brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. ______ Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs.

“Go get Brenda, ” Kruger said to Inky.

Inky _______to the bedroom door and scratched ______ until Brenda opened it. Then Inky led her to the _______ Brenda found her husband _______the stairs and called 911. Kruger was rushed to the hospital. “I spent six months_______ there,” Says Kruger. “Although I became lame, I was blessed. ” Since the accident, Inky has ________left Kruger’s side.

1.A. gave B. chose C. named D. remembered

2.A. like B. as C. except D. among

3.A. sound B. alarm C. noise D. voice

4.A. animals B. friends C. farmers D. neighbors

5.A. sharing B. visiting C. dividing D. discovering

6.A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything

7.A. familiar B. lovely C. ordinary D. outstanding

8.A. shut out B. shut off C. shut down D. shut up

9.A. marched B. flew C. struggled D. climbed

10.A. bent B. hit C. shook D. pulled

11.A. Falling B. Lying C. Appearing D. Thinking[

12.A. it B. itself C. him D. himself

13.A. and B. but C. or D. so

14.A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Then D. Rather

15.A. walked B. ran C. returned D. withdrew

16.A. rapidly B. suddenly C. madly D. urgently

17.A. bedroom B. basement C. yard D. house

18.A. at the bottom of B. in the middle of C. at the top of D. in the front of

19.A. regretting B. resting C. relaxing D. recovering

20.A. never B. ever C. still D. already

Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult1.was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy 2.（please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.

Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 3. pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 4.（push）you with their elbows（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

Jane paused in front of a counter 5. some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk，”the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 6.（choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 7. sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8..

When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already 9. table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10.（inform）.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分

My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.

假定你是李华, 正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程, 遇到一些困难, 希望得到学校辅导中心(Learning Center) 的帮助。根据学校规定, 你需书面预约, 请按下列要点写一封信:

1. 本人简介;

2. 求助内容;

3. 约定时间;

4. 你的联系方式 (Email: lihua@1236. com; Phone: 12345678) 。

注意: 1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir/Madam,

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Look forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

Wildlife Photographer of the Year Competition

Take part in the world–famous Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition–open to young photographers from 4 January to 25 February 2016. For more than 50 years, Wildlife Photographer of the Year has championed honest and positive wildlife photograph. The competition rewards artistic innovation and technical excellence.

Ages and submissions. Open to photographers aged 17 and under. Submissions can range from animal portraiture, action or behavior, as well as the wider habitats of wildlife, to artistic accounts of the natural world.

Rules and translation. Read the rules before entering the competition and submitting images. The competition categories and rules are translated into 12 languages. You can download them as PDFs below.

Awards and prizes. Handsome awards, global recognition, chances to enjoy widespread coverage in the media and online and to take center stage at the Wildlife Photographer of the Year awards ceremony held on 24 May in the Natural History Museum building in London.

Key dates. Competition closes on 25 February 2016 at 11:30 GMT. Original and high–resolution files requested from 29 March until 11:30 GMT 8 April 2016. Winners will be contacted by 13 May 2016.

Keep up to date with the latest Wildlife Photographer of the Year news on our blog, or find us on Twitter and Facebook.

1.Who can take part in the competition?

A. Old artists. B. London locals.

C. Wildlife protectors. D. Young photographers.

2.When will the prize–giving ceremony be held?

A. On 25 February. B. On 24 May.

C. On 13 May. D. On 29 March.

3.Where does the passage come from?

A. A magazine. B. A newspaper.

C. A website. D. A guidebook.

In Cairo, formal education is very important. There are twelve years of formal education in Egypt, and public schools are free, though the government does not have enough money. Many families can afford to send their children to private schools. Toward the end of high school, children planning to go to college should take an exam required. The results of that exam determine which college each student will attend and also which fields of study are open to that student. Top students can attend the American University in Cairo, which teaches its course in English. Other universities in the Cairo area include Cairo University, with over 30,000 students, Ain Shams University and Al–Azhar University. Many Children do not complete school or go on to college but learn a trade or apprenticeship in business instead.

Education comes from the family—this is where children learn about social values. The family is very important in Egyptian society. Though modern families are adopting the idea of the “nuclear family” common in the West, the traditional Egyptian family unit consists of parents, grandparents, children, aunts, uncles, cousins, in-laws and all sorts of people. Even though the modern family unit tends to be smaller, families usually live close together and visit each other often.

Unlike in the West, children usually live with their parents until they get married, even through college. It is very rare that children move out and establish their independence before they get married. Usually, this only happens if the child goes abroad to save money before getting married. Many young Egyptian men work for a few years in the rich countries of the Persian Gulf, where wages are much higher than they are in Egypt, and this allows them to have a better start when they return to Egypt and get married.

1.If Egyptian children graduate from high school, _______.

A. some of them will decide not to attend university

B. all of them will take an exam for entering collage

C. some of them want to attend university in America

D. many of them can’t afford their higher education

2.If you are an excellent student, you will _______.

A. be sent to American universities for study

B. be admitted to Cairo University

C. take class taught in English in Cairo

D. get a high–paid job in the future

3.Where do the Egyptian children learn about social values?

A. Egyptian society. B. The family.

C. The West. D. All sorts of people.

4.In Egypt some young people go to the Persian Gulf because they_______.

A. need to gain rich experience there

B. want to establish their independence

C. intend to show respect for their parents

D. wish to have a better life in the future

Have you thought about the idea of using energy to overcome health problems, stress and even disease? Dealing with stress and illness can have a negative impact on more than just your physical self, burning to a deep emotional space. Entire families and circles of friends feel worried about someone when they are dealing with a tough situation. But what if positive thinking could have the power to turn things around?

Going way back, when I was working with my husband to start our business, times were tough. Not only had we poured every part of our savings into building our dream, but we were working around the clock to make it happen. Our friends and family were our business partners. We were all tired and stressed but determined. Especially during that time, we did not surround ourselves with anyone who wasn’t positive and encouraging in our efforts. Think great thoughts and welcome the idea that you are sure to succeed.

In business and in our personal lives, we are challenged at some point with unexpected hurdles. Wrapping yourself in positive energy by surrounding yourself with good people, good habits and love can be the perfect way to use optimism to overcome a challenge.

Just recently, I was curious if a positive attitude has been proved to help patients who are suffering from illness or disease to overcome and heal. What I found delighted me. According to the Mayo Clinic, “Positive thinking helps with stress management and can even improve your health. “By accepting an optimistic approach, you are able to deal with tough situations productively.”

I have certainly heard many stories about people who have used a great attitude to overcome life–changing obstacles, and I am a total believer. I have seen the power of positive energy work for me—when I believe, I can handle anything that life sends my way.

1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Taking Charge of Your Attitude

B. Stopping Worrying about Others

C. Getting Prepared for Obstacles

D. Dealing with the Tough Situation

2.How did the author and her husband get success?

A. By keeping a positive and determined attitude.

B. By using all their savings to realize their dream.

C. By getting financial assistance from friends and family.

D. By making themselves full of courage and perseverance.

3.The underlined word “ hurdles ” in Paragraph 3 means _______.

A. assistance B. opportunities

C. disease D. obstacles

4.The author has discovered recently that _______.

A. positive people can face any obstacles

B. she has the most powerful positive energy

C. the positive attitude benefits the patients

D. stress management means good health