10．Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the world's children can be no easy skill．But，since ancient times，the Christmas Eve duty has been performed with distinction by a team of beloved reindeer（驯鹿）．
Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal，as a new research shows the species is becoming increasingly puny．A 16-vear survey on the arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent．
The reduction in average body-mass is being blamed on global warming．In the research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool，scientists have explained how rising temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy．are becoming starved，causing them to abort their babies or giving birth to much lighter young．
Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of the year，which，combined with low temperatures，limits grass growth to June and July．But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5°C，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies．However，wanner winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow．Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers（鹿角），but they cannot break through the hard ice．As a result，female reindeer are becoming starved，causing them to abort their babies or giving birth to much lighter young．
Despite the findings，reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other arctic species．Last week the scientists warned that a third of the world's polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years．

32．Which of the following can replace the underlined word"puny"in Paragraph 2？D
A．strong B．mature C．heavy D．weak
33．Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn？C
A．The temperature is getting low．
B．They give birth to more babies．
C．Grass has grown well since summer．
D．They often break through the hard ice．
34．What can we infer from the text？B
A．Climate change has little effect on reindeer．
B．Polar bears suffer more from climate change．
C．Reindeer have no trouble finding food in winter．
D．Polar bears will disappear in the near future．
35．What does the text mainly talk about？B
A．The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer．
B．Reindeer has decreased in weight owing to global warming．
C．Global warming contributes to more young reindeer．
D．Many arctic species are at the risk of dying out．

9．As a child，I was generally happy，singing and dancing to my favorite songs，smiling and laughing with my friends and family．But as far back as second grade，I noticed a"darkness"about me．I didn't enjoy participating in many things．
In middle school things in my life began to get even worse．I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed．I was always tired．Everything was horrible．Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed （诊断） with clinical depression，and had to take medicine．It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine．
When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine．Aristotle said，"To live happily is an inward power of the soul，"and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness．Happiness is a journey．Everyone seems to need different things to be happy．
"The essentials （要素） to happiness are something to love，something to do，and something to hope for，"a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life．People need love； I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world．People need work to do，something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world．People need to know that more good is to come in the future，so they continue to live for"now"instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could come．Love and hope are happiness．

28．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2？D
A．He hated going to sleep because he couldn't sleep well．
B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression．
C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven．
D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression．
29．Who helped the author to be happy again？C
A．The author's friends．B．Aristotle．C．The author himself．D．William．
30．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the author's opinion？B
A．Love．B．Ambition．C．Hope．D．Work．
31．What may be the best title for the text？A
A．The Essentials to Happiness
B．Ways to Overcome Shortcomings
C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy 
D．Happiness Is Love．

8．Experience around food is about the place．The time and the people，and"the best meal"can be found m a fine dining restaurant or in a crowded street market．How can you recreate that special moment influenced by place and time？Travel is becoming the most popular reason to visit many places around the world．Here are the places that consistently excite the senses．
South of France
Markets with fresh fruits and vegetables and butcher shops arc abundant．Regional （地区的） wines are excellent．And freshly baked French bread with French butter is what memories are made of．Take a chair in an ancient walled city for a meal with a view that you will never forget．
Barcelona
This bustling city filled with unique buildings is a city for lovers of history，architecture，and food．Kiosko Universal，a counter restaurant at one comer of the market，prepares some of the simplest and best food we've ever had．Give yourself a week to explore and sec everything the city offers．The city is not to be missed．
Italy
It's hard to choose one place or city to visit．Some of our favorite places include the coastal regions on the Adriatic and Tuscany．Friuli stole our hearts last year with its many unique wines，small artisan food producers，and influences from neighboring countries like Austria and Germany．
Mexico City
From unbelievable food markets and casual street stands，Mexico City has become the place to travel for the food lovers．If you want to eat locally，order a Hurache，a street food specialty．All you will need is a local microbrew or Mezcal （龙舌兰酒） to wash it down．

21．Where can you taste delicious food while enjoying beautiful scenery？A
A．South of France．B．Barcelona．C．Italy．D．Mexico City．
22．What is Kiosko Universal？C
A．A market．B．A butcher shop．C．A restaurant．D．A street stand．
23．What do you need to help swallow Hurache when eating it？B
A．Bread．B．Beer．C．Juice．D．Fruit．
24．What do the four places have in common？D
A．They are tourist attractions．
B．They have ancient buildings．
C．They lie in Europe．
D．They are noted for tasty food．

7．假设你是英语课代表李华，我校外教Chris今年来到我校任教，由于不太适应北京的生活，加之工作压力比较大，缺乏时间锻炼身体，Chris生病住院了，请你代表你们班同学给他写一封英文信，信件包括：
1．表示对他的思念和感谢；
2．提出建议（至少三条）；
3．希望他早日康复．
注意：
1．词数不少于100；
2．可以适当发挥想象，增加细节以使行文连贯．
Dear Chris，
I'm sorry to hear that you have been in hospital for several days．I am writing this letter on behalf of the whole class，who deeply miss you and care you．（高分句型一）We are grateful for everything you've done for us．
Actually，it is very easy for a person like you to get sick，who hasn't adapted to the new environment，suffers from great pressure and lacks exercise．（高分句型二）Here are some tips for you：
First of all，it is a good idea to take part in some social activities，which will help you learn more about the local customs and cultures，so as to get used to the new environment．（高分句型三）In addition，you should try to reduce the working pressure by listening to music and making more friends．Last but not least，you'd better exercise more instead of sitting in the office all the time．
Hope our advice would help you lead a healthy lifestyle and hope you would recover soon!（高分句型四）
Looking forward to seeing you soon．
Yours truly，
Li Hua．

6．"Some secrets are hidden from health，"wrote John Updike in his poem"Fever"．
I have experienced the truth of Updike's observation．My excellent health kept me from seeing some things-things that became secrets of sort．
One relates to my son Chris．When I lost my health in March，I discovered something I had missed about him．
Christopher has been a scholar and athlete through high school．He has behaved responsibly，engaged in community service．He has had an impressive peer group of serious students．
While I saw these things，I had missed before what I experienced while in hospital． Early on，Christopher offered the clearest and most forceful words about my need to be positive and to fight acute leukemia（急性白血病）．He never left the room after a visit without making me promise that I would be mentally tough and positive．
During the first week，he showed his own mental toughness，researching leukemia and learning what the chances were．He even stopped my doctor outside the room，introduced himself and asked directly what he thought of my chances．He processed the answer without overreaction．
Christopher did tell me seriously against my choice of words the first week at home．I had moved back into my room from weighing myself，discovering a thin figure I did not know．I announced to him and my wife，"dead man walking"．I thought it was a way to lighten the obvious．He saw it as negativity and was strongly against such thinking and talking．
When I resisted taking medicine sometimes，Christopher formed a"good-cop-bad-cop"team with his mother．Betsy gently and patiently encouraged．He directly and forcefully insisted．He always made the logical arguments for why I needed to take some awful pills．
My health had hidden something from me； my ill-health helped me to see it．

24．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 indicates that the authorB．
A．knew little about his son until in hospital
B．got to know more about his son while in hospital
C．had no chance of knowing more about his son
D．hardly remembers what happened in the hospital
25．What did Christopher do when the author was in hospital？B
A．He told the author not to say anything wrong．
B．He always encouraged the author to be confident．
C．He offered some suggestions to the doctor．
D．He tried to get help from community service．
26．What does"good-cop-bad-cop"in the text refer to？C
A．A trick to force the author to obey．
B．A measure to keep the author happy．
C．A joint effort to persuade the author both kindly and forcefully．
D．A friendly way to make the author see what was good for him．
27．What may be the best title for the text？A
A．Secrets Hidden from Health
B．Unexpected Love
C．Lessons from Ill-health
D．Discovery Made in Hospital．

5．After a year of examining many studies concerning whether homework is effective．NYC P．S．Elementary School decided that math worksheets and essay assignments were actually a waste of time．In February，Principal Jane Hsu sent a letter to parents slating that the Pre-K（学前班） through fifth grade students wouldn't be given any traditional homework to encourage kids to have free time for reading，playing outside，or doing activities they enjoy．
"The negative effects of homework have been well established．"Hsu wrote in a note to parents．"They include：children's frustration and exhaustion，lack of time for other activities and family time and，sadly for many，loss of interest in learning．
Some parents，however，disagree with the policy change，believing that a lake of focus will cause children to fall behind．Homework has been part of education from the beginning，and has increased in amount in recent years．
Hsu's advice that children should read and spend time with their families has upset some parents to the point of considering pulling their children out of the school．This group feels that homework gives children a goal to work toward．Others feel so strongly about the importance of homework that they have begun giving their own homework to their children．
An Australian Childhood Foundation survey finds that 71% of Australian parents feel they don't spend enough quality time with their children mainly because of the time spent running the household or the time spent helping with homework．Education experts in Australia are saying that parents should stop helping．Doing so will give kids more independence，give parents more free time，and help reduce the number of arguments caused by homework in the family．
While some research suggests that homework has little academic benefit for elementary students，other researches show homework can help kids develop independence，and confidence．It can also contribute to a sense of belonging or control over their lives．When parents try to help their children with homework，the assistance can take away that feeling and can also make working parents more tired．

33．Cancelling traditional homework is aimed atC．
A．allowing students to learn on their own．
B．motivating students to help with homework
C．inspiring students to seek self-development
D．wishing students to spend more time with parents．
34．Why are some parents strongly against Principal Jane Hsu？A
A．They don't think the school is responsible for their kids．
B．They dislike their kids doing too many activities．
C．They have no time to give their children homework．
D．They are afraid their kids will become worse than others．
35．What is the author's attitude to parents'helping kids with homework？D
A．negative B．neutral C．supportive D．unconcerned．

4．Cleaning your plate may not help feed hungry children today，but the timeworn advice of mothers everywhere may help reduce food waste from the farm to the fork，help the environment and make it easier to feed the world's growing population．
Hard data is still being collected，but experts in Chicago said about 30% to 50% of the food produced in the world goes uneaten．The average American throws away 33 pounds of food each month-about $40 worth，which means each person throws away almost 400 pounds of food．The US Department of Agriculture says that 23% of eggs and an even higher percentage of produce ends up in the trash．
"We forget we have all these fresh fruits and vegetables，and at the end of the week we have to throw them away"，said Esther Gove，a mother of three young children in South Berwick，Maine．"Now，I don't buy as much fresh produce as I used to．"
But the effect of food waste arrives far beyond the kitchen．Agriculture is the world's largest user of water，a big consumer of energy and major emitter of greenhouse gases during production．Experts say reducing waste is a simple way to cut stress on the environment and can ease pressure on farmers，who will be called on to feed an expected 9 billion people around the world in 2050，compared with nearly 7 billion today．
No matter how sustainable （可持续的） farming is，if the food's not getting eaten，it's not sustainable and it's not a good use of our resources．In richer nations，fruit and vegetables end up in the trash because they aren't pretty enough to meet companies'standards，have gone bad in a home refrigerator or aren't eaten at a restaurant．In developing countries，much food spoils before it gets to market due to poor roads and lack of refrigeration．High food prices are another reason，since some people can't afford the food that's produced．

29．From the first paragraph，we know that cleaning your plateB．
A．is you mother's best advice for you
B．can solve certain problems for the world 
C．can help feed hungry children all over the world 
D．helps meet the growing population's needs
30．The underlined word"emitter"in Paragraph 4 meansD．
A．user 
B．finder 
C．protector 
D．producer 
31．What is a sustainable and convenient way for a customer in a restaurant？A
A．Ordering enough and packing the leftovers．
B．Ordering more than he or she can eat．
C．Ordering less and feeling hungry after leaving．
D．Ordering more and leaving the untouched alone．
32．Which of the following topics will follow the text？B
A．More examples of food waste 
B．Ways to reduce food waste
C．Experts'idea on the environment
D．Advice for food with high prices．

3．Donald John Trump，born on June 14 1946，is an American businessman．As the Republic Party's nominee for president m the 2016 election，he defeated Hillary Clinton in the general election on November 8，2016．
Trump is the chairman and preside of The Trump Organization，which is the principal holding company for his real estate （房地产）ventures and other business interests．During his career，Trump has built office towers，hotels，casinos，golf courses and other branded facilities worldwide．
Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelor's degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968．In 1971 he was given control of his father Fred Trump's real estate and construction firm and later renamed it The Trump Organization．Trump has appeared at the Moss USA pageants，which he owned from 1996 to 2015，and has made cameo （配角） appearances in films and television series．He sought the Reform Party presidential nomination （提名） in 2000，but withdrew before voting began．He hosted and co-produced The Apprentice，a reality television series on NBC，from 2004 to 2015．As of 2016，he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world，and 156th in the United States．
In June 2015，Trump announced his candidacy （候选人资格） for president as a Republican and quickly emerged as the front runner for his party's nomination．In May 2016，his remaining Republican rivals suspended （暂停） their campaigns，and in July he was formally nominated for president at the 2016 Republican National Convention．Trump's campaign has received unprecedented media coverage and international attention．Many of his statements in interviews，on Twitter，and at campaign rallies （集会） have been controversial or false．Several rallies during the primaries were accompanied by protests or riots．

25．What do we know about Donald John Trump？C
A．His career is limited in America．
B．It was a surprise that he defeated Hillary Clinton．
C．His business has expanded all over the world．
D．His father was against him being a politician．
26．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？A
A．Introduction to Trump's life．
B．Introduction to Trump's family．
C．The secret of Trump's success．
D．Trump's dream．
27．Which of the following is WRONG for Donald John Trump once？A
A．He once acted as a leading actor in films．
B．He once worked as a host．
C．He owns a lot of money．
D．He majored in economics in university．
28．According to the last paragraph，we can conclude at the campaignD．
A．Trump owed his success to his family
B．at a point all Americans protested against Trump
C．Trump had no Republican rivals
D．all people didn't agree with the remarks Trump made．

2．I am always nervous when I get an email from my parents with"FYI （For Your Information）"．My parents are in their late 70s，and while they are quite healthy for their ages．I worry about what messages they are going to give me．
I got such an email in September from my father．He sent an email from my cousin who told that her father，my uncle Reese，had passed away．The news made my mind go blank though I have met him less than a dozen times in my life，because Reese was the first of my parents'siblings （兄弟姐妹） to die，and I was simply not ready for that．
The memorial service was set in Florida，and I quickly decided I needed to go．I needed to be there for my father，and I needed to go for myself．Reese is about nine years older than my father，and I started to do the math in my head．I know that doesn't make sense，but I will do anything to reason that I still have a lot of time before I will be in my cousin's shoes．
Reese's memorial service was small with only family and perhaps a dozen of his friends．The funeral （葬礼） was attended by an even smaller number，and then，the family gathered at a nearby bar to look at old photographs found among Reese's possessions when he died．
As we drove back to the Orlando International Airport，I thought about how I am not sure what my parents want，not only in their memorial services，but also how they want to be remembered and where they want to be laid to rest．These are going to be difficult conversations，but I know I need to have them．Maybe not right now，but we do need to open the discussion at some point．It may feel too early，but I trust my parents will know that when adult children raise these questions，we do it out of love to honor their lives and their wishes．

21．Why do email s with"FYI"make the author uneasy？C
A．She's too busy to read those emails．
B．She dislikes her parents，nonstop talking．
C．She's afraid to get bad news about her parents．
D．They often bring unpleasant news．
22．How did the author feel about the email from her cousin？B
A．Disappointed．B．Shocked．C．Confused．D．Annoyed．
23．What do we know from the third and fourth paragraphs．C
A．A get-together was held at home．
B．Reese's friends didn't appear．
C．The author went to Florida without much hesitation．
D．Quite a few people attended the funeral．
24．What does the author decide to do after the funeral？A
A．Have a talk with her parents about death
B．Express her love for her parents bravely
C．Value her parents'wishes．
D．Get everything ready for her parents．

1．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Bill来信询问你家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何．请按下面写一封电子邮件：
1．感谢他的关心；
2．介绍情况：（1）去年以来以发生数次雾霾天气；（2）人们已认识到雾霾天气的危害，正采取各种举措减少其发生；（3）你自己为此做了什么或打算做什么．
注意：1．文章要包含所有要求的要点，但不要逐字翻译．2．词数要求120--150词
参考词汇：雾霾天气：the haze weather     对…有危害：do great harm to
交通事故：traffic accidents    有毒气体：poisonous air    采取措施做…take measures to do
到处扔垃圾 throw the waste anywhere．