4．众所周知，上海大剧院坐落于人民广场西北侧．（locate）As is known to all，the Shanghai Grand Theater is located on the northwest side of the people's Square．．

3．How many times have you laughed today？Have you ever wondered what makes you laugh？In the whole animal kingdom，only we humans are capable （有能力的） of laughter．On average，we laugh about 17times a day．
Laughter is a spontaneous reaction of the body to some-thing funny or pleasant．Have you noticed that when you laugh，many parts of your body respond （反应）？Your face changes expression，your breathing changes，and muscles throughout your body are affected．
An interesting story dates back to 1962．In a school in Tanganyika，in Africa，a group of schoolgirls started laughing uncontrollably over a joke．This laughter became epidemic （传染的），jumping from one person to the next，spreading across communities，and lasting for six months!So strong was the"laughter epidemic"that schools had to shut down till it ended．
How we laugh remains a mystery．Whatever the reasons，laughter，as the saying goes，"is the best medicine．"In fact，science has proven that being happy and laughing can not only keep us healthy and fit but help deal with serious illnesses．
Laughing exercises all the important muscles，and keeps you fit．People have started forming laughter clubs that use laughter to treat illnesses．They meet at specific places at fixed times and laugh together．Laughter spreads，so this exercise works best in groups； once one person starts laughing，others automatically （自动地） join in．
32．The underlined word"spontaneous"in the second paragraph probably means"B"．
A．perfect            
B．natural          
C．strange           
D．terrible
33．People have formed laughter clubs toD．
A．kill time          
B．relax         
C．meet others        
D．keep healthy
34．The best title for the passage would beC．
A．A Laughter Epidemic
B．How Laughter Helps Cure Disease
C．Laughter，What It Is，and What It Can Do
D．The Relationship Between Laughter and Health
35．The passage is probably taken from a（n）A．
A．health magazine        
B．ad          
C．novel         
D．medical book．

2．Pierre is a 25-year-old penguin（企鹅）at the California Academy of Sciences．Due to his old age，he was losing his feathers，which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool．Therefore，biologists at the academy had a wetsuit created for this penguin to help him get back in the swimming pool．
Unlike marine（海生的）mammals，which have a layer of blubber（鲸脂）to keep them warm，penguins depend on their waterproof feathers．Without them，Pierre was unwilling to jump into the swimming pool and ended up trembling on the side of the pool while his 19peers played in the water．
"He was cold；he would shake，"said Pam Schaller，a  senior biologist．Schaller first tried a heat lamp to keep Pierre warm．Then she got another idea：if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific，why not make one for Pierre？
Schaller designed the suit，which covered Pierre's body and had small openings for his flippers （鳍）．
"I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps，and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable．"she said．
One concern was that the other penguins would reject Pierre in his new suit，but in fact，they accepted his new look．He swam freely and got along with others well，although he was the only penguin with a black stomach．
Schaller couldn't say for sure whether the wetsuit allowed Pierre to recover his fine feathers，but"certainly we were able to keep him comfortable during a period of time that would have been very difficult for him to stay comfortable"．
Pierre will take off his suit after his new feathers grow back．
24．Pierre felt too cold to swim in the pool because ofA．
A．having few feathers due to old age    
B．not having a layer of blubber
C．having no wetsuit                  
D．others penguins rejecting him
25．The idea of making a wetsuit for Pierre came fromB．
A．total invention            
B．the use of wetsuit on humans
C．the use of heat lamp        
D．waterproof feathers
26．Schaller followed Pierre in order to seeD．
A．whether other penguins would reject him
B．whether the wetsuit would keep the feathers from recovering
C．if the wetsuit kept warm
D．if anywhere of the wetsuit needed to be cut and refit
27．The best title of the passage isC．
A．Unwilling to Swim             
B．Old Penguin Getting Bald（秃的）
C．Wetsuit for An old Penguin       
D．Strange Look of Pierre．

1．近期，雾霾天气频频发生，空气质量越来越差，环境保护越来越受到人们的关注．
作为一名青少年，我们如何尽自己的微薄之力来保护环境，请提出你自己的几点建议．
要点：
1．环境的现状；2．环保受到人们的更多关注；3．应采取的措施．
注意：词数100-120（开头不计入总词数）．
Recently，the Dust-haze weather hit China over and over again．                                                                           

20．The people below are all looking for a place for different purposes．After the description of these people，there is information about six places A-F．Decide which place would be most suitable for the person mentioned in questions 36-40 and then mark the correct （A-F） on your answer sheet．There is one extra paragraph about one place which you do not need to use．
（36）F．Smith is a professor who does research on ancient buildings．He has been to many historical sites and discovered a lot valuable study materials．This month，his university gives a reward to him for his great contributions．So now an idea of traveling to a new place to continue his study has come into his mind．
（37）E．Though Lola is a woman reporter，she is brave enough to go deep into the places at war．This year，she was honored as"Rose of Front"，which made her very proud of herself．Next month，she will go to a place at war，she is confident to do her work well and give people the most brief and real reports．
（38）A．Alice and Simon are going to get married．They want to hold an underwater wedding in a special place，which has beautiful scenery，silver sand and delicious seafood and luxurious hotels，where they can enjoy themselves．
（39）C．Jane is a modern girl，who is a crazy fan of rock music and films．She has a romantic dream，that is，one day，she will go to a beautiful place to appreciate all the attractive music and films with a cup of coffee in her hand．
（40）B．Tom is really depressed these days．Owing to his bad management，his company closed．He wants to go to a place to try his fortune so that he can start his business again in the near future．

A．Mauritius，an island lying off the southeast Africa in the Indian Ocean，which is rich in    history，natural beauty and culture．The pleasant tropical climate and scenery provides the perfect setting to enjoy everything．The sea is full of colorful life that lives around the coral reef．This makes Mauritius a wonderful place for swimming and diving．The large number of interesting fish means it is also an exciting place for those who like to go fishing．
B．Las Vegas is really a fascinated city，where you can dine in the finest restaurants，shop in the most chic stores，and watch world-class entertainment，among them，the most attractive thing is gambling．Maybe you will become a millionaire or lose all your money overnight．What's so clever about Las Vegas is that it makes absolutely certain that you have such a good time you don't mind losing a bit of money along the way； that's why they don't even call it"gambling"anymore，but"gaming"．
C．Few cities leave the visitors with such vivid impressions，the whole city is something of a work of art，the quiet River Seine，the Eiffel Tower，Palais du Louvre and so on are really feast to your eyes．And annual film festival is held with a refreshing emphasis on art．Few cities can compete with the thousands of cafés，bars and restaurants that line every Parisian street．And along the street you will be fascinated by the beautiful window shows of various clothes．
D．Kitzbuhel is a paradise for all the skiers．With fine weather and breath-taking scenery，it is a world-class ski resort．Every winter，thousands of people come from all parts of the world to challenge themselves．If you can't ski，don't worry．The town offers many shops，café'and a variety of entertainment．
E．As the cultural centre and biggest centre and biggest city in the region，Jerusalem is regarded as a holy place by Jews，Muslims and Christians．For Jews，it is where their ancestors built the first and second temples．Muslims knew it as the place where the Prophet（先知） Mohammed passed up to heaven．For Christians the city was the scene of Jesus'life．However，since the war broke out，people there have suffered a lot，the situation has been tense，and peace is just a dream．
F．The old Nile brought about the civilization of Egypt； people there regard it as"the mother river"of them．On both sides of the Nile stand noble pyramids which were built as the tombs of the ancient pharaohs（法老）．And the constructions are beyond people's imagination．Along with the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt，the Great Sphinx is one of the greatest and most studied monuments of human history．

19．Looking back on my childhood，I get to believe that naturalists are born and not made．Although we were all brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon threw away their pressed flowers and insects． Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages． I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic．
 Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary．I have only the unclear memory of the house we lived in，of my room and my toys．Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents，aunts，uncles and cousins who gathered next door．But I do have a clear memory of the dogs，the farm animals，the local birds and，above all，the insects．
 I am a naturalist，not a scientist．I have a strong love of the natural world，and my enthusiasm（热情） has led me into varied investigations（调查）．I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries．Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind．Suddenly you wonder you see the answer to the riddle（迷），because it all seems to fit together．This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books，which some might honour with the title of scientific research．
 But curiosity，a keen eye，a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist； one of the outstanding qualities required is self-discipline，a quality I lack．A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training，determination and a goal．A scientist，up to a point，can be made．A naturalist is born．If you can combine the two，you get the best of both worlds．
32．The first paragraph tells us that the authorC．
A．was born to a naturalist's family       
B．lost his hearing when he was a child
C．didn't like his brothers and sisters      
D．was interested in flowers and insects
33．The author can't remember his relatives clearly becauseB．
A．he didn't live long with them          
B．he was fully busy observing nature      
C．the family was too large to remember   
D．he was too young when he lived with them
34． It can be inferred from the passage that the author wasD   
A．a naturalist but not a scientist          
B．more a good observer than a listener
C．no more than a born naturalist         
D．a scientist as well as a naturalist
35． The author says he's a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks heA．
A．lacks s ome of the qualities required of a scientist
B．he couldn't do mental arithmetic
C．he was brought up in a family of farmers
D．he was not knowledgeable enough．

18．In old times，man considered lightning to be one of the greatest mysteries of nature．In fact，a single flash of lightning 1.6 km long has enough electricity to light one million lamps．
The American scientist，Benjamin Franklin，was the first to suggest that lightning is in fact electricity formed between the Earth and clouds high above．It happened in 1752．In the same year，he also built the first lightning rod to protect buildings from being struck by lightnin g．
Modern science has discovered that lightning is very long and powerful．A lightning between a cloud and the Earth may be as long as 13 km，and travels at a speed of 30 million meters per second．Scientists have the opinion that there are about 2 billion flashes of lightning per year．In the United States alone，it kills almost one person per day．
The safest place to be in during an electrical storm is a closed car．Outside，one should go close to low ground for cover and not stop under a tree．Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences．Inside a house，people should keep away from open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things．
29．In the USA，D．
A．every person can see lightning every day
B．at least one person is killed by lightning every day
C．there are about 6 million flashes of lightning per year
D．about one person per day dies from lightning
30．During a lightning storm，it would be best if youC．
A．stand under a tree                  
B．go outside
C．stay in a closed car                
D．stop near windows
31． A lightning rod canA．
A．prevent accidents caused by lightning      
B．stop lightning
C．protect building from being washed away   
D．delay the coming of lightning．

17．Life is difficult．
    It is great truth because once we truly understand and accept it，then life is no longer difficult．
 Most do not fully see this truth．Instead，they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy．It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or upon their familie s，their class，or even their nation．
 What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one．Problems，depending on their nature，cause us sadness，loneliness or regret or anger and fear．These are uncomfortable feelings，often as painful as any kind of physical pain．And since life causes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy．
Yet，it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning．Problems are the serious tests that tell us success from failure． When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit，we encourage the human ability to solve problems，just as in school we set problems for our children to solve．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn．As Benjamin Franklin said，"Those things that hurt instruct．"It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems．
25．From the passage，it can be inferred thatB．
A．everybody has problems
B．we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life
C．life is difficult because our problems bring us pain
D．people like to complain about their problems
26． The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph toD．
A．save space              
B．persuade readers
C．makes readers laugh     
D．get readers'attention
27． The main idea of Paragraph 3 is thatD．                               
A．most people feel life is easy    
B．the writer feels life is easy
C．the writer likes to complain about his problems
D．most people complain about how hard their lives are
28． According to the passage，we give schoolchildren difficult problems to solve in order toA．
A．encourage them to learn
B．teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem
C．helps them learn to deal with pain
D．teach them how to solve problems．

16．Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast？Recently a test was given in the United States．Those tested included people of different ages，from 12 to 83．During the experiment，these people were given all kinds of breakfasts，and sometimes they got no breakfast at all．Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast．The results showed that if a person eats a proper breakfast，he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast．This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains．If a student eats fruit，eggs，bread and milk before going to school，he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class．Contrary to what many people believe，if you don't eat breakfast，you will not lose weight．This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch，and end up gaining some weight instead of losing some．You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals．
21．During the test，those who were tested were givenD．
A．no breakfast at all              
B．a very rich breakfast
C．little food for breakfast        
D．different breakfasts or none
22． The results of the test showed thatA．
A．breakfast has a great effect on work and study
B．breakfast has little to do with a person's work
C．a person w ill work better if he has a simple breakfast
D．those working with brains should have a lot for breakfast
23． The passage infers that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast，you willA．
A．lose weight              
B．not lose or gain weight
C．be healthier              
D．gain a lot of weight
24． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？C
A．Poor breakfasts affect those who work with their brains．
B．Having no breakfast may cause one to get fatter．
C．Having a big lunch and supper is of great value in weight-losing．
D．Eating less for lunch and supper may help to lose weight．

15．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信邀请你圣诞节期间到他所在的城市London旅游．你回信说明不能前往的原因，要点包括：
1．感谢邀请；
2．表示歉意并说明原因；
3．愿望．
Dear Peter，
I'm delighted to receive your letter…．．
                                           
                                                   Yours，
                                                    LiHua．