Illegal removal of coral(珊瑚) along Sri Lanka’s coastline increased the amount of destruction on the island by last December’s tsunami, say researchers.
Harindra Fernando, a fluid dynamicist (力学家) at Arizona State University in Tempe, made the connection after a visit to his native Sri Lanka earlier this year．While serving as a scientific expert and translator for a BBC-documentary team, he chatted with locals who said they saw the tsunami turn sideways when it hit coral—which would have made it less powerful than in coral-free areas．Fernando linked this to trucks he had seen last year carrying piles of coral away from the sea.
Using the eyewitness reports, estimates (估算) of wave heights, and a series of divers to check the presence or absence of corals, Fernando and his colleagues produced a map of coral gaps and wave flooding along Sri Lanka’s southwest coast.
The tsunami reached significantly farther inland through the gaps: in one instance, the water traveled 1.5 kilometres long and knocked a passenger train off its tracks, killing 1,700．But only a few kilometers away, where the coral was still undamaged, the wave travelled just 50 metres inland and caused no deaths.
There is a similar phenomenon．In Nicaragua in 1992, a tsunami poured through a break in the coral reef made to let boats through．“Within this passage, water went one kilometre inland,” says Fernando．“But nearby, where the coral was undamaged, there were still beach umbrellas standing.”
In Sri Lanka, coral is illegally mined to provide souvenirs for tourists, or to be used in house paint．Coral harvesters sometimes blow it up with dynamite (炸药) in order to collect fish at the same time．Often, the reefs in the best shape are those in front of hotels, as the hotel owners maintain them for the tourists．Fernando hopes that his findings will encourage the Sri Lankan government to enforce(实施) its laws against coral mining.
57．Harindra Fernando did all the following EXCEPT ________.
A．serving as a translator for a BBC-documentary team
B．helping the Sri Lankan government enforce its laws against coral mining
C．producing a map of coral gaps along Sri Lanka’s southwest coast
D．linking the coral removal with the destruction of Tsunami
58．The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that________.
A．undamaged coral can greatly decrease tsunami damage
B．coral-free area is a danger to passenger trains
C．in general, water travels 30 times farther inland in a coral-free area
D．it is urgent to enforce laws against coral mining
59．Which of the following may NOT be the cause of coral gaps?
A．Boat passages．       B．Tourists’ sightseeing．  
C．Fish collecting．       D．Tourists’ souvenirs.
60．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Harindra Fernando, a Great Environment Protector
B．Stop Using Coral as Souvenirs
C．Coral Cried “Help! Help!”
D．Coral Mining Enhanced (加剧) Tsunami Damage

American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system against infection（感染）．Doctors at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston，Massachusetts，did the study．The team studied a chemical found in black，green，oolong and pekoe tea This chemical is an amino acid（氨基酸）called L-theanine．The scientists say it may increase the strength of Gamma delta T cells，which are part of the body’s defenses．
First，the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens（抗原）found in the amino acid Antigens help the body react to infection．Then the scientists added some bacteria（细菌）．
Within twenty-four hours，the cells produced a lot of interferon，a substance that fights infection Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon．
In the second part of the study，eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day．Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee．That is dried coffee mixed with hot water．
Two weeks later，and again two weeks after that，the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people．They also looked at what happened when they added bacteria to the blood cells．They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon．
Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study He says the antigens added to the Gamma delta T cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria．He says the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time．
Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people．If the findings prove to be true，he says，then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections．He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body’s defenses．
73．We may know from the text that     can be found in different kinds of tea．
A．Gamma delta T cells                               B．L-theanine
C．interferon                                       D．bacteria
74．Tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system because it helps    ．
A．the body to produce more interferon
B．the body to produce more Gamma delta T cells
C．to add some bacteria to the blood cells
D．to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body
75．According to Dr Bukowski，    ．
A．the findings of the study have already proved to be true
B．he bas taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with it
C．further study is needed to prove the findings true
D．he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer

"S. H.E. is going to sing at the CCTV annual Spring Festival Evening Party.Is that true?" cried out Peng Weiye, a Senior 2 girl in Shanghai and die-hard S. H.E. fan.
After checking it on the Internet, Peng quickly phoned friends to spread the news. For fans like her, S. H. E. ’s performance is perhaps the only part of the old fashioned evening to get excited about.
The Taiwanese band （乐队）is made up of Selina, Hebe and Ella. Their name comes from the first letter of each of the singers' English names.
Last week S. H. E. announced they would perform in Las Vegas, US, over Christmas and then in Guangzhou on January 15.
At their Shanghai show on October 30, hundreds of parents waited outside the Hongkou Stadium. Inside, thousands of teenagers sang, cried and shouted as the band performed.
"I love their music, healthy image and everything related to them. Thank God that, although my parents don't understand why I love them so much, they still bought me a ticket for that show," said Peng about the Shanghai performance（演出）.
It is not just on the mainland（大陆） that the three girls have made audiences much excited. In the past year the band has passed through Taiwan, Hong Kong and even Singapore and Malaysia.
When the three high school girls entered a singing contest in Taiwan in 2000, none of them ever dreamed of being a superstar. "We had never met before, and we didn't talk at all at the beginning," recalled Ella.
When asked about the secret of their success, she said, "Our average looks（长相） and not-so-expensive clothes keep us close to our fans. We are happy to be the girls next door（邻家女孩）, your singing sisters."
"It's really a magical journey, from day-dreaming high school girls to singers performing on the same stage as our idols(偶像). Nothing but magical," she said.
46. Why was Peng Weiye, a Senior 2 girl, so excited?
A. S.H.E. band will get the old fashioned evening exciting.
B. S. H.E. will perform in Las Vegas over Christmas.
C. Her parents bought her a ticket for S. H. E. Is Shanghai show.
D. S. H.E. will perform on the CCTV Spring Festival Evening Party.
47. How did the Taiwanese band get the name?
A. Their fans gave the name to them.
B. Their idols had a deep influence on them.
C. A singing contest gave their idea of the band name
D. The first letters of Selina, Hebe and Ella form the band name.
48. What do you know about Peng Weiye?
A. She stayed outside the Hongkou Stadium to listen to S. H. E. 's performance.
B. She will watch the performance in Guangzhou on January 15.
C. She pays close attention to everything about S. H. E.
D. She was grateful that her parents understood and supported her.
49. Which is true about S. H. E. ?
A. The secret to their success is their pretty faces and lovely clothes.
B. They were close friends when they entered a singing contest.
C. They caused a storm of excitement in Southeast Asia.
D. They have well prepared to perform with their idols.
50. Which do you think is NOT the reason for S. H. E’s popularity among their fans?
A. Their music and their healthy image.
B. They can make audience much excited.
C. Their success meets their fans’ day dream of becoming others’ idols.
D. Their average looks and not-so-expensive clothes keep them close to their fans.

三、阅读理解（共20 小题;每小题 2分，满分40分）
After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a special student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great deal to him, so I agreed.
During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症). When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles（克服困难） and going for（努力实现） my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain（抱怨）or ask, “Why me?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didn’t mention（提到） that his classmates had made fun of him because he was different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weights with me. When we had finished talking, I went to my briefcase（公事包） and pulled out the first gold medal I had won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion（冠军）. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I received a letter from Matthew’s parents telling me that Matthew had passed away（去世）. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:
Dear Dick,
My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live any more, but I still smile as much as I can.
I told you someday that I would go to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that. However, I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven（天堂）, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.
Your friend,
Matthew
36. The boy looked forward to meeting the author because _________.
A. he was also good at weight lifting
B. he wanted to get to the Olympics and win a medal
C. the author was handsome
D. he admired the author very much
37. The underlined sentence（划线的句子） in the third paragraph probably means that _______.
A. the boy never complained about how unlucky he was to have this disease
B. the boy never complained about not being able to go to school
C. the boy never complained why the author had never come to see him before
D. the boy never complained about not getting a medal
38. From the passage we learn that _________.
A. Matthew was an athlete
B. Matthew was an optimistic and determined boy
C. The author used to have the same disease as Matthew had
D. Matthew became a champion before he died
39. Matthew didn’t accept the author’s medal because _________.
A. he thought it was too expensive
B. he was sure that he could win one in the future
C. he thought it was of no use to him as he would die soon
D. he would not be pitied by others
40. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. A sick boy.                  B. A special friend.
C. A real champion.             D. A famous athlete.

Female Chinese space pioneers?
CHINA plans to recruit(招募) women astronauts thanks to the lobbying(游说) of the leading women’s organization. Gu Xiulian, president of the All-China Women’s Federation(ACWF) (全国妇联), said on Saturday that she put forward a proposal that women be trained for space missions after the manned space flight last October. And it was accepted by the central authorities, local media reported. But the plan to recruit female astronauts has yet to be worked out, according to sources close to the astronaut-training programme.
Beijing needs mental health care
MORE than 1,000 people committed suicide(自杀) in Beijing last year, and experts have been encouraging the capital to set up a mental health care system as soon as possible, local media reported last week. About 20 percent of the people of Beijing live in unhealthy conditions, with 3 percent of these suffering from affective disorder and 5 percent reporting symptoms of depression, according to the Beijing Mental Health Service Center.
No need to fear your licence plate
CAR licence plates in Shenzhen and Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, will not have the number “four” from this month on ---a move that has led to heated discussion among officials, schools and residents. The word for “four” sounds like “death” in Cantonese. The number has been cleared away from the computer data banks that generate the six-digit licence numbers for local cars. Some say that, for the first time, a public agency service has considered local customs and bans. Others worry it will encourage superstitious(迷信的) beliefs.
83．We can infer from the news that ____.
A．there are several female astronauts in China now
B．people in Guangdong province hate number “four”
C．the mental disorder concerns everybody all over the country
D．the city government of Beijing has promised to set up a mental health care system
84．The underlined sentence in the third news means that __    __.
A．there is no number “four” in the computers in Shenzhen
B．computer is used to print six-digit car licence numbers
C．local cars will be protected to use six-digit car licence numbers
D．number “four” will no longer appear in the six-digit car licence numbers
85．What is the message of the first news?
A．China only needs male astronauts.
B．Gu Xiulian wants to be the first space woman.
C．Society doesn’t discriminate(歧视) against women in China.
D．The  proposal of female astronaut training hasn’t been approved.
86．Which word has the same meaning as the underlined word “symptoms”?
A．symbol        B．signs           C．sorts      D．shocks

There are numerous similarities between Muhammad Ali and his 23-year-old daughter Laila. She is the only one of his nine sons and daughters to have those genes that led to the ring(拳击场). Her father’s great status had nothing to do with Laila’s decision to pursue a boxing career. She has always been proud of his achievements, but he was never a great man to her—just dad.
What attracted her to take up boxing was the unusual sight of two women in the ring on the television screen when she was about to watch a Mike Tyson fight five years ago. She was very excited and said to herself, “I can do that. ”
Laila’s father would prefer her not to take up the dangerous sport. Johnny McClain, her husband and manager (former boxer himself) feels the same way. Even though both the men in her life worry about her, they’re 100 percent supportive. “They don’t want me to get hurt, ” she says.
Long before entering the ring, Laila was a fighter. Being the daughter of an outstanding boxer made her an easy target for high school kids to see how tough she was. They, not she, failed in the test. For the public, her biggest test took place last summer in the New York State when she took on Jacqui Frazier Lyde, the daughter of Joe Frazier, her father’s most famous opponent (对手) during the 1970s.
That fight provided the biggest shot in the arm that women’s boxing has received. News reporters poured in. Some called it “Ali/Frazier－GenerationⅡ”. No match involving women had ever attracted so much attention. Laila had a narrow victory in the fight.
Like it or not, she accepts the fact that she is the face of female boxing. And she hopes that her name and fame will help get the public to take it more seriously.
The name Ali has and always will bring her attention. But she is determined to make her own mark on opponents’ faces as well as in boxing history books. She says, “I want women’s boxing to get its due respect. ”
49. Laila took up boxing because of ________.
A. her father’s great status                        B. a Mike Tyson fight      
C. her admiration for her father               D. her interest in boxing
50. From the passage we can know ________.
A. Laila’s husband is still a boxer now
B. Laila wants to make contributions to the sport of boxing
C. Laila’s husband doesn’t think boxing is a dangerous sport
D. when Laila was in high school, she often failed in the fight with other kids
51. Which of the following is the best title for the passsage?
A. A female boxer—Laila Ali                    B. The best-known fight
C. Ali/Frazie－GenerationⅡ                   D. Muhammad Ali and his daughter

　　Decision-thinking is not unlike. It often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process（过程） is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.
　　The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes; there are what he called games of 'perfect information', games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks; they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.
　　One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business and life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors（因素）, as best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.
49．The subject discussed in this text is _________.
　　A．the process of reaching decisions
　　B．the difference between poker and chess.
　　C．the secret of making good business plans
　　D．the value of information in winning games
50．An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ___________.
　　A．rules               B．luck         C．time               D．ideas
51．Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse"?
　　A．Quite right.                   B．True enough.
　　C．Most unlikely.                      D．Just the opposite.
52．In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should ___________ .
　　A．put perfect information before imperfect information
　　B．accept the existence of unknown factors
　　C．regard business as a game of chess
　　D．mix known and unknown factors

Music is an international language. The songs that are sung or played by instruments are beautiful to all people everywhere.
Popular music in America is what every student likes. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class, after class, and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the streets.
Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people. Most of the radio broadcast is music.
Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state. Once the popular singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes. Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star. 
There are other kinds of music that are important to Americans. One is called folk music. It tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music. This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.
Serious music for the concert halls is called classical music. Music for instruments is called orchestra music (管弦乐), such as the symphonies (交响乐) of Beethoven. There is opera (歌剧) for singers. There is ballet (芭蕾舞剧) for dancers like the story of Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai in China?
67. What can we know about music and people in America?
A. Student drivers carry small radios with earphones when they drive on the streets.
　    B. Students always listen to music before class, after class and at lunch.
　    C. Adult drivers only listen to news except music when they drive to work.
D. Adult drivers never listen to music when they drive to work.
68. How many kinds of music are mentioned in the passage?
　　       A. Six.                    B. Eight.     C. Five.                      D. Seven.
69. Country music ______.
　　 A. is a kind of music that is popular in America
　　 B. has nothing to do with folk music        
C. is only sung by cowboys
　　 D. is not played in the concert halls
70. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
　　      A. All people in America like popular music.
　　      B. Pop singers can get all the money from the tapes.
　　      C. Now, western or country music is a little different from its beginning.
　　      D. Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai is a kind of pop music.

From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.
With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.
One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart’s desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.
53．Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?
A．No one has come to disturb us.
B．Everything is so quiet and calm around us.
C．The book we are reading is so interesting and attractive.
D．Our book is so boring that we are to finish it at a fast speed.
54．How would you account for the fact that people like their friends in books even more?
A．They are like human friends exactly.      B．They are unfamiliar types we like.
C．They never desert us.                 D．They are purely imaginary.
55．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized thought the pages of the books.
B．To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading.
C．Books can always help you live a colourful life.
D．You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.
56．By saying “…the whole world is ours for the asking,” the author implies that___________.
A．in books the world is more accessible to us
B．we can ask to go anywhere in the world
C．we can possess everything in this world
D．we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge

Section One
The city is an accumulation of human civilization. Just as the American social philosopher (哲学家) Lewis Mumford put it, it is a special system which, fine and compact, has been designed to preserve the fruits of human civilization. Many Western languages have developed their versions of the term “civilization” from the same Latin (拉丁语的) word “civitas”(meaning “city” ), and it is by no means a coincidence. The city has played a significant role in the perfection of order in human society.
Section Two
The emblem, showing the image of three people ― you, me, him/her holding hands together, symbolizes the big family of mankind. Inspired by the shape of the Chinese character “世” (meaning the world), the design conveys the organizers' wish to host an Expo which is of global scale and which showcases the various urban cultures of the world.
Section Three
Created from the inspiration of Chinese character “人”, the design roots deeply in Chinese culture. It tells the world the eternal core (永恒的核心) and theme of Shanghai World Expo will be always human. The mascot “Haibao” will become the messenger for the theme of World Expo 2010 Shanghai China “Better City, Better Life”.
The basic structure of the Chinese character “人” in which each stroke supports each other also shows the concept that the beautiful life should depends on mutual-help. If the human are willing to support one another, the harmony among human, nature, and society will be available. Such an urban life will be nice.  
Haibao’s confident smile is expressing his sincere greeting from China ― “World Expo 2010 Shanghai China welcomes you!”
71. Section One mainly tells about ______.
A. the part cities play in human civilization  B. the development of the word “city”
C. why the Expo is held in Shanghai           D. where human civilization originated
72. The underlined word “it” in Section One refers to ______.
A. the civilization   B. the philosopher         C. the word                  D. the city
73. Which correctly matches the sections with the pictures they describe?

Pictures
A.	Section One	Section Two	Section Three
B.	Section Two	Section Three	Section One
C.	Section Three	Section Two	Section One
D.	Section Three	Section One	Section Two