Many people go to school for an education. They learn languages, history, geography, physics, chemistry and mathematics. Others go to school to learn a skill so that they can make a living. School education is very important and useful. Yet no one can learn everything from school. A teacher，no matter how much he knows can not teach his students everything they want to know. The teacher’s job is to show his students how to learn. He teaches them how to read and how to think. So much more is to be learned outside school by the students themselves.
It is always more important to study by oneself than to memorize some facts or a formula(公式). It is actually quite easy to learn a certain fact in history or a formula in maths. But it is very difficult to use a formula in working out a maths problem. Great scientists, such as Einstein，Newton and Galileo didn’t get everything from school. But they were all so successful. They invented so many things for mankind. The reason for their success is that they worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. They would ask many questions as they read and they did thousands of experiments. Above all, they knew how to use their brains.
【小题1】The subject which is not spoken of in the article is _____

A．maths

B．history

C．physiology

D．physics

【小题2】 The teacher’s job is to teach ___________.

A．everything the students want to know

B．the students everything that they know

C．the students some facts of formulas

D．the students how to learn

【小题3】 Who does the article say didn’t waste a single moment?

A．Great people	B．Persons who work as teachers
C．The great scientist－Newton	D．Great scientists

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing．It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage．A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads．On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself．
Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children．Some may be especially strict in money matters．Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals．In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness．
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching．To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality．Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”．If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled．
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment．
【小题1】.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _________．

A．should be avoided

B．is universal among parents

C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D．will make him lose interest in learning new things

【小题2】.In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents ______．

A．should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read

B．should not expect too much of them

C．should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

D．should create as many learning opportunities as possible

【小题3】.The second paragraph mainly tells us that __________．

A．parents should be strict with their children

B．parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community

C．parental restrictions vary, and are not always intended for the benefit of the children alone

D．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

【小题4】.In moral matters, parents should __________．

A．observe the rules themselves

B．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children

C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D．consistently ensure the security of their children

As children face their final month of revision before the exam season starts, many parents are looking for the words to motivate their offspring．But could they be mistakenly praising the value of ability over effort, asks Matthew Syed．
Take a glance at these expressions of encouragement:
"You learned that so quickly, you're so smart!"
"Look at that drawing．Are you -the next Picasso or what?"
They appear as the kind of confidence-boosting statements that should be given to children or, indeed, anyone else．Such phrases are used in homes and classrooms every day, particularly with exams approaching．
Intelligence-based praise leads the receiver towards the fixed thought —it suggests to them that intelligence is of primary importance rather than the effort through which intelligence can be transformed．
Let's take a quick second look into the science of expertise, and ask a question．Where does excellence come from? For a long time, it was thought the answer to this depended, to a large degree, on genetic inheritance．Or, to put it another way, it is all about talent．
It turns out that this is mistaken．Dozens of studies have found that top performers—whether in maths, mi sic or whatever—learn no faster than those who reach lower levels of achievement—hour after hour, they improve at almost the same rates．
The difference is simply that high achievers practice for more hours．Further research has shown that when students seem to possess a particular gift, it is often because they have been given extra tuition at home by their parents．
This is not to deny that some kids start out better than others—it is merely to suggest that the starting point we have in life is not particularly relevant．
Why? Because, over time, with the right, kind of practice, we change so dramatically．It is not just the body that changes, but the brain．The question of talent versus effort would not matter terribly much if it  as merely theoretical．But it is so much more than that．It influences the way we think, feel, and the way we engage with our world．
【小题1】What is the best title of this passage?

A．The Words That Could Encourage Your Child

B．Intelligence Says All

C．High and Low Achievers

D．Start Early, Learn More

【小题2】Which statement is intelligence-based praise?

A．"You're so brilliant - you passed that exam without really studying!"

B．"With more efforts, you can achieve more!"

C．" You combine study with entertainment so well!"

D．"You study so hard even when you are so good at it!"

【小题3】The writer thinks the answer to the question of talent versus effort is _____．

A．simple

B．complicated

C．obvious

D．mysterious

【小题4】Why do some people have higher achievements?

A．Because they are born with great talent.

B．Because they start better than others.

C．Because they spend more of their spare time practicing what they have learnt.

D．Because they improve themselves at almost the same rates.

Topping the class academically was certainly an advantage. For Nigel, studying was a piece of cake. The reward was certainly much bigger compared to the little effort Nigel had made. It all began when he was selected to help the teachers in the computer laboratories. And the peak of his school career came not when he topped the class but when he was selected for the nationwide competition.
Unlike everyone else, Nigel wanted to join in the contest because he liked playing with the Lego sets(乐高积木) and making something out of them. Nigel spent two months building his robot. It was during the time that Nigel found out about the big prize for the competition as well as a competitive rival(对手), Alicia, from a neighboring school. His early intentions were forgotten. Getting the thousand-dollar prize was more important than anything else. Nigel decided to make friends with Alicia. Unaware of his intentions, she told him all about the robot that she had been building for the competition. He even helped her to put the finishing touches(收尾工作) to her robot. He was glad with the way things had progressed. His robot looked even better than Alicia's and it was able to play a ball with its arm, something Alicia had failed to do.
On the day of the competition, he saw Alicia. Everything became clear the minute she saw him among the competitors. She stared at him, puzzled at first, then angry and finally a look of helplessness came over her.
The flashbulbs (闪光灯) of the camera exploded in Nigel's face. The robot had performed actions so unique and different that the specialists' judgments were the same. Nigel was so pleased with himself that he did not even notice the girl standing a few feet away from him. Without her, he would never have won the competition.
【小题1】What reward did Nigel receive for doing well in his school work?

A．He was offered a part-time job.	B．He was honored with a scholarship.
C．He helped his teachers build a robot.	D．He helped in the computer laboratories.

【小题2】Nigel's original intention of joining the contest was to ___     .

A．win honor for his school	B．be the top student of the school
C．build a robot with the Lego sets	D．win the thousand-dollar prize

【小题3】Why did Nigel help Alicia finish her robot?

A．He intended to help her.	B．He was fond of building robots.
C．He wanted to be her real friend.	D．He didn't want her to suspect (怀疑) him.

【小题4】What is the author's attitude towards Nigel's actions?

A．Favorable

B．Critical (批评的)

C．Doubtful

D．Sympathetic

How often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child — things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his parents. He is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong.
When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.
【小题1】 According to the second paragraph, the writer thinks that __________.

A．if much is given to a child, he must do something in return

B．a child is always loved whatever he does

C．life for a child is comparatively easy

D．only children are interested in life

【小题2】 After a child grows up, he __________.

A．will have little time playing

B．has to be successful in finding a job

C．can still ask for help in time of trouble

D．should be able to take care of himself

【小题3】 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Life is less interesting for old people.

B．People are often satisfied with their life.

C．Adults are free to do what they want to do.

D．Adults should no longer rely on others.

【小题4】The underlined word "responsibilities" in the second paragraph means __________.

A．jobs

B．duties

C．suggestions

D．desires

【小题5】 The main idea of the passage is __________.

A．life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains

B．young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard

C．childhood is the most enjoyable time in one's life

D．one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life

There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools.
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, need some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
【小题1】Open education allows the students to     .

A．grow as the educated	B．be responsible for their future
C．develop their own interests	D．discover subjects outside class

【小题2】Open education may be a good idea for the students who     .

A．enjoy traditional learning	B．worry about grades
C．do well in a traditional classroom	D．are responsible for what they do

【小题3】 Some students will do little in an open classroom because      .

A．there are too few rules	B．they hate activities
C．open education is meaningless	D．they worry about the rules

【小题4】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．Some traditional teachers do not like it.

B．Many teachers do not believe in open education.

C．Teachers may have problems in open classrooms.

D．Teachers’ feelings and attitudes are important to students.

【小题5】Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A．Open education is a really complex idea.

B．Open education is better than traditional education.

C．Traditional teachers don’t believe in open education.

D．The writer thinks open education is practical.

From James Dean to Growing Pains, Hollywood has long had a love affair with the relationship between teens and their parents. As the fascination with this relationship attests, parents play a crucial role in the development of their children's personalities.
Teenagers learn by closely observing what people around them do. Parents are literally their first teachers and serve as role models. From hygiene to habits, from time management to personal manner, parents form the foundation of their children's characteristics. These tiny individual factors on our everyday behavior collectively constitute who we are.
A second influence occurs at the spiritual level. Parental treatment of children is reflected in children's relationship with others. For example, my dad was quite angry with my study habits a few years back and lost his temper.I clearly remember that I too would easily lose my cool and shout at people, often saying things I later regretted, in those difficult days.
Parents of my fellow classmates often tend to be anxious about the studies of their children, which can lead to a lack of confidence in their children. If we are boats weathering a storm as we navigate toward maturity, then parents should be our captains. It is as easy to lead us to shipwreck as is to take us ashore safely.
To be fair, the guidance and influence of our parents are not the sole factors in molding us. There are numerous examples of teens forging their own paths and becoming something of which their parents never dreamed. Even so, parents must be a fundamental force that positively influences their children. At their best, they can help to solve teenage problems with a respect for their children's thoughts.
【小题1】 James Dean and Growing Pains in the first paragraph are described as follows EXCEPT    .

A．they are about love affairs in family life

B．they are mentioned at the beginning of the passage to introduce the topic

C．they reflect a very important role parents play in childhood development

D．they are typical presentations of the relationship between teens and their parents

【小题2】 If parents are worried about the studies of their children, their children will      .

A．easily lose their temper	B．lack self-confidence
C．follow their own paths	D．tend to shout at people

【小题3】 We can conclude from the passage that      .

A．teens will always be what their parents expect them to

B．parents' behavior influences their children both physically and mentally

C．the guidance and influence of parents are the only factor in molding teens

D．parents should be our captains when we teens are on boats in a storm

【小题4】 The passage is intended mainly for      .

A．teens

B．teachers

C．students

D．parents

Finding the right school for your child is a process. You will want to read about the school, talk to any friends who are involved in the school and, most important of all, visit the school.
The first step in finding out about Indian Creek is to request an information packet. We will be happy to send you a packet containing a brochure(小册子), the fee structure and an application. The packet should answer most of your general questions about the school.
In order to get a true sense of Indian Creek School, you should come for an Admission Tour, which includes a personal meeting focusing on your child, a tour of the building and the classrooms, and a discussion of the curriculum(课程).
This visit is no less important if the child for whom you are seeking admission is a teenager than if he or she is a three-year-old one. Every school has a different “school climate.” If you visit two or three schools, you will notice that each “feels” different. You know your child best and you will quickly develop a sense of whether a school is the right match or not.
●The initial point of entry for Indian Creek Students is at the pre-kindergarten level for three year olds.
●Children must be three years old by August 31st.
●We also have major points of entry from grade six to grade nine. At each of these levels, we open new sections and accept students in addition to those moving up from our own lower grades.
●There are scattered(零散的) openings available throughout the program due to attrition(学生流失). Once an opening occurs, students spend a day at ICS, part of which includes admission testing.
【小题1】 You can NOT get to know about ICS by ________.

A．getting an information packet

B．taking an admission tour

C．asking friends involved in ICS

D．taking an admission test

【小题2】 During the Admission Tour, you can ________.

A．having a meeting with the children

B．decide on the design of the classrooms

C．talk with the school about the courses

D．choose the weather suitable for study

【小题3】 Which of the following is NOT accepted for ICS when there is no attrition?

A．A boy who will be 3 years old by July.

B．A fifth grader originally studying in ICS.

C．An eighth grader from another school.

D．A fourth grader from another school.

【小题4】 The text is intended for ________.

A．teachers

B．parents

C．kindergarteners

D．school kids

Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.
The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.
The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables, they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.
【小题1】The writer thinks that        .

A．choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English

B．dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English.

C．it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly

D．using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing

【小题2】According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?

A．Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.

B．Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.

C．Small two-language dictionaries have serious disadvantages.

D．Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.

【小题3】This passage mainly tells us 　　　　　　．       .

A．that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries

B．what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries

C．why students should use large college edition dictionaries

D．what dictionary students should choose and how to use it

【小题4】Which is not mentioned in this passage?

A．How to make good use of a dictionary.

B．When to use a dictionary.

C．How to improve spoken English.

D．How to practise reading fast.

Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.
　 In the early years, these schools were much alike(*similar).Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated(*毕业),most of them became ministers or teachers.
　In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard’s law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
　As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
　Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There’s so much to learn that one kind of school can’t offer it all.
【小题1】The oldest university in the US is _________.

A．Yale

B．Harvard

C．Princeton

D．Columbia

【小题2】 From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.

A．those colleges and universities were the same

B．people, young or old, might study in the colleges

C．students studied only some languages and science

D．when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers

【小题3】 Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.

A．Latin and Greek	B．Latin, Green, French and German
C．American history and German	D．French and German

【小题4】As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.

A．everything that was known	B．law and something about medicine
C．many new subjects	D．the subjects that interested students

【小题5】 On the whole, the passage is about___________.

A．how to start a university	B．the world-famous colleges in America
C．how colleges have changed	D．what kind of lesson each college teaches