The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.
　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
【小题1】What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

A．It has produced positive results.

B．It is a highly profitable industry.

C．It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

D．It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

【小题2】What does the word “underline” mean (Line 4, Para. 3)?

A．point out

B．lay emphasis on

C．pay no attention to

D．take for granted

【小题3】 Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian researchers’ study?

A．Encouraging positive thinking many do more good than harm.

B．Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.

C．There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

D．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

【小题4】What do we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

B．People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.

C．Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.

D．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

At EF – English First, we aim to provide the best English language training program and teachers are at the heart of our leaning system. EF has over 100 schools in 60 cities throughout China, and it is well – known in China. EF is looking for native English speakers with teaching experience to help Chinese people learn English well. Our English teaching principles focus on practice, confidence building and practical application of the language. While teaching English with EF, you will continue to develop as a teaching professional and experience life in this great nation.
As soon as you walk into an EF school, you will understand why creating a welcoming learning environment is important to how we teach English. Our schools have well – equipped, modern classrooms, computer labs, and teaching preparation arcas. Our teachers receive a complete modern teaching program, popular classroom – based training to prepare them to teach to our high standards.
A professional package for an international teaching professional.
Our package includes:
◆High salary                                                 ◆Flight payment
◆Health insurance                                        ◆Living place & food help
◆Generous paid vacation + national holidays ◆Working visa (签证)
◆Help upon arrival                               ◆Teacher training & development
◆Chances of being raised to higher ranks
Set up in 1965 with they duty to “break down difficulties in language, culture and geography”, EF has helped over 15 million stud tens, learn a new language and travel in foreign countries. EF was the Official Language Training Services Supplier of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and one of the largest employers of English teachers in China. EF works in one of today’s fastest growing industries – education – and promises teachers a chance to make a real difference.
【小题1】What does EF stand for?

A．English Farm.

B．English First.

C．English Fit.

D．English Fact.

【小题2】Where will the teachers at EF schools work?

A．In 60 cities in China.	B．In the middle of China.
C．In 100 cities in China.	D．In the countryside of China.

【小题3】What kind of person can probably the chosen as a teacher by EF?

A．A native Frenchman with working visa.

B．A native Englishman who lived in China.

C．A native American who wants to help others.

D．A native English speaker with teaching experience.

【小题4】The professional package includes the following EXCEPT          .

A．medical insurance	B．high salary
C．unemployment insurance	D．help when arriving

【小题5】What is the main idea of the last paragraph?[

A．It is about EF – English First.

B．It is about traveling in foreign countries.

C．It is about the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

D．It is about difficulties in language, culture and geography.

The UK has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world．But to those who are new to it all, sometimes it can be confusing．
October is usually the busiest month in the college calendar．Universities have something called Freshers' Week for their newcomers．It's a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life．
However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the outlook of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nerve-wracking （令人头痛的）．Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you join?
Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot．So just take it all in slowly．Don't rush into anything that you'll regret for the next three years．
Here are some top advice from past students on how to survive Freshers' Week:
·Learn rules．Make sure you know British social manners．Have a few wine glasses and snacks handy for your housemates and friends．
·Be kind．Sometimes cups of tea or even slices of toast can give you a head start in making friends．
·Be sociable．The more active you are, the more likely you'll be to meet new people than if you're someone who never leaves their room．
·Bring a doorstop．Keep your door open when you're in and that sends positive messages to your neighbors that you're friendly．
So with a bit of clever planning and effort, Frsshers' Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon you'll be passing on your experience to next year's new recruits．
【小题1】Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?

A．It's a good idea to bring a doorstop．

B．A hit of planning can make Freshers' Week easier．

C．October is generally the busiest month for universities in the UK．

D．The first week of your even- year at university is called Freshers' Week．

【小题2】We can infer from the 4th paragraph that____ ．

A．the newcomers usually miss the days living at home

B．many freshers are worried about how to fit university life

C．most of the students in the L K spend three years in universities

D．all the new students will make new friends and join certain clubs

【小题3】Why does the author suggest having wine glasses and snacks handy?

A．To pass the busy university life．	B．To pass the time in a happy way．
C．To show yourself a drinker as others．	D．To help make friends with others．

【小题4】The underlined word "recruits．" in the last paragraph refers to____．

A．courses

B．freshers

C．neighbors

D．challenges

【小题5】The main purpose of the passage is to____．

A．advise the freshers how to behave well in universities

B．discuss something about the Freshers' Week in the UK

C．tell the newcomers how to make a new start in universities

D．introduce something about higher education system of the UK

Attitude is one of the most important factors in determining success for all people．Successful people have one thing in common—an expectant （期待的） attitude of success．Most people begin each morning in neutral and react to events of the day．You can be one of the successful people in life by starting each day with a positive attitude, a gratitude for the opportunities you have, and an expectancy （期待） of the best for yourself．
People tend to live up to expectations．We get out of life just about what we put into it．Our environment becomes a mirror of our spirit, our attitude, and expectations．If we set a great goal, we get great results．If we have a fair goal, we accomplish fair results, and if we have a poor goal, we accomplish poor results．The world will give you back what you expect, so expect the very best．Don't be defensive or doubtful．Nothing changes unless you do．Before you can do something, you've got to be something．Know that you have worth and value．Show that to the world．
Treat everyone you come in contact with as the most important person in life．It will build self-esteem （自尊心）．Smile! You'll be rewarded with a returned smile．Don't react to others rudely．Forgive everyone who ever hurt you．Then, forgive yourself．Keep yourself healthy．Exercise．Eat a proper diet．Display an attitude of confidence．
Develop these good habits and your expectancy will be rewarded by successes．This attitude will put you into that group of people who are truly successful, because you will know and understand how an expectant attitude enhances （提高） every aspect of your life．
【小题1】According to the author, we are likely to achieve success if we____．

A．take a positive attitude

B．hold on to our dreams

C．have a good opportunity

D．show gratitude every day

【小题2】We learn from Paragraph 2 that____．

A．success mainly depends on your efforts

B．our environment reflects what we think

C．the greater our goal, the better results we will get

D．it is our determination that decides our future

【小题3】Paragraph 3 tells us that____．

A．building self-esteem is important

B．we should treat everyone else fairly

C．if treated kindly, others are friendly

D．it makes good sense to forgive others

【小题4】The author's purpose of writing the text is to____．

A．share his view point about life

B．offer advice on confidence building

C．suggest some ways to acquire success

D．stress the importance of positive attitude

There are hundreds of things that your parents controlled for you when you were a child．And it’s a good thing, too — kids need this kind of protection and assistance, because they aren’t mature enough to take care of themselves and make careful decisions on their own．
But eventually, kids grow up and become teens．It’s totally normal for teens to create their own opinions, thoughts, and values about life; it’s what prepares them for adulthood．But as you change and grow into this new person who makes his or her own decisions, your parents may have a difficult time adjusting themselves to it．
In most families, it’s this adjustment that can cause a lot of fighting between teens and parents．Teens get angry because they feel parents don’t respect them and aren’t giving them space to do what they like, and parents get angry because they aren’t used to not being in control or they disagree with the teens’ decisions．
It’s easy for feelings to get very hurt when there are conflicts like these．And more complicated issues can cause even bigger arguments, because your parents will always be intent on protecting you and keeping you safe, no matter how old you are．
The good news about fighting with your parents is that in many families the arguing will lessen as parents get more comfortable with the idea that their teens have a right to certain opinions．It can take several years for parents and teens to adjust to their new roles, though．In the meantime, concentrate on communicating with your parents as best you can．
Sometimes this can feel impossible — like they just don’t see your point of view and never will．But talking and expressing your opinions can help you gain more respect from your parents, and you may be able to reach a compromise that makes everyone happy．Keep in mind, too, that your parents were teens once and that in most cases, they can relate to what you’re going through．
【小题1】Why do parents always want to control their children?

A．They are afraid to lose their children．

B．They want to protect their children．

C．They don’t believe the ability of their children．

D．They can’t accept their children are growing．

【小题2】The author suggested that teenagers ________．

A．fight with their parents bravely for their rights

B．obey their parents without any doubt

C．communicate with their parents actively

D．persuade their parents in as many ways as possible

【小题3】It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

A．most parents will give in while fighting with their children

B．the conflict between parents and teenagers can be solved

C．the only way for teens to get freedom is to leave home

D．only few parents do well in facing the growth of their children

Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week, how you can get along with your fellow students, and so on. These are the questions I want to discuss with you today.
First, let’s talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. No matter what your major may be, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it’s very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information in a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn’t enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students, called teaching assistants, usually direct discussion sections.
If your major is chemistry, or physics, or another science, you’ll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non science majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.
【小题1】The main purpose of this text is       .

A．to help the students to learn about university life

B．to persuade the students to attend lectures

C．to encourage the students to take part in discussions

D．to advise the students to choose proper majors

【小题2】We can learn from the passage that university professors       .

A．spend over 6 hours on lectures each week

B．must join the students in the discussion sections

C．prefer to use textbooks in their lectures

D．require the students to read beyond the textbooks

【小题3】A discussion section does NOT include       .

A．working under the guidance of university professors

B．talking over what the students have read about the courses

C．discussing the problems related to the students’ homework

D．raising questions about what a professor has said in a lecture

【小题4】According to the author, science majors       .

A．have to work harder than non science majors

B．spend less time on their studies than non science majors

C．consider experiments more important than discussions

D．read and write less than non science majors

Growing up the daughter of an outstanding educator, Andrea Peterson knew at a young age that
she wanted to serve others. It was with this mindset that she started to take a degree in medicine. However ,while visiting her brothers who were away at college studying music education, she realized that she too was drawn to teach music.
In her ten years at Granite Falls, she has revitalized（复兴） the music programs at both the
elementary and high school levels, to the extent that an additional music teacher was hired by the district to assist with the workload. The growth of the music program in Granite Falls School District has encouraged students to participate in county ,state ,and national music competitions, and won a lot of prizes for the district.
Teaching music is only part of Peterson's instruction—it serves as a vehicle to other areas .
"Music is an amazing tool to unlock students' potential. The most visible benefit from their success in music is their increased confidence and self-esteem," Peterson said. "However, I don't believe it is the only benefit, nor the most powerful. It is truly exciting to see how my music teaching can transfer back to other classrooms." With this philosophy, Peterson introduced a cross-curriculum program ,where she takes lessons taught in other classes, such as English and math ,and expands upon them in an eight-week unit.
One of the most popular projects in Peterson's classes is the creation and performance of a musical, In the activity students create a play from one of the books they have read in another class. Students work together to choose the music that best fits with the overall feel of the play and then perform it for the greater community. "Through Andrea's efforts these kids have helped to put Granite Falls, Washington, on the map for musical talents. Parents, staff, and community members continue to be in awe of what she is able to bring forth from the children," said Debra Rose Howell, a colleague of Peterson's at Monte Cristo Elementary School.
【小题1】At the beginning, Andrea Peterson planned to work as a (n)       .

A．teacher

B．doctor

C．educator

D．musician

【小题2】The 2nd paragraph mainly tells about     .

A．Andrea Peterson’s life at Granite Falls

B．county, state and national music competitions

C．the growth of the music program in Granite Falls School District

D．Andrea Peterson’s contributions to Granite Falls’ music programs

【小题3】Which of the following is NOT a benefit the students get from Andrea Peterson’s class?

A．Music talent development.	B．Increased self-confidence.
C．Ability in learning other subjects.	D．Prizes for English and maths.

【小题4】The following sentences tell what the students have to do about their musical project. Which is the right order of the events?
a．They chose proper music for their play.
b．They adapt the story into a play.
c．They put on the play for the whole school or the whole community.
d．They practice performing the play.
e．They choose a story they have read in another class.

A．e→b→a→d→c	B．e→b→c→a→d
C．a→e→b→d→c	D．a→b→e→d→c

What is most likely to affect your success at school or at a job? The ability to read. And that goes for your kids too. The declining literacy(读写能力的下降) of our society has been a main concern of educators for a while now, and yet things are not getting better.
In most cases, how well we learn to read will depend largely on our exposure（接触） to language as children. If we hear people around us talking about all kinds of subjects as children, we naturally pick up the words and phrases they use. If we pick up a lot of words, we will learn to read better.
Much of the traditional advice to struggling readers, theses days, seems to include developing “cognitive strategies”（认知策略）. In this way, readers are asked to centre more, to think, to be interested and ask questions, to analyze, to predict, to reason, and to check their understanding, or worse still to answer questions of what they have read. In other words they are asked to become self-conscious（有自我意识的） readers. I do not agree with this approach.
Here are my several strategies for reading improvement.
Read about things that interest you. If you are interested in what you are reading about, the words will come alive, and you will understand better. The more you read, the better you will become at reading. Just get started and it will become a habit, as long as you are interested in what you are reading.
Read material that is at your level or just a little difficult for you. Read material that you find easy to read, or just a little challenging. Looking up many unknown words in a dictionary is dull, and the results of the dictionary search are quickly forgotten.
_____ If you can hear the new words and phrases that you are reading, you will have an easier time understanding and remembering them. Hearing the rhythm of someone reading a text will help your own reading.
Don’t worry about what you don’t understand. Most of your reading should be for pleasure. You can still enjoy reading without understanding all of what you read. You may even understand some things in your own personal way.
Unfortunately not all reading is just for pleasure. When you are reading a textbook or report or other material for school, you may need to underline, take notes and read some parts over again. However, if you have developed the habit of reading for pleasure, you will find that the skills you need will come naturally, and that you will understand a lot better than before.
【小题1】In Paragraph 2, the author tells us the importance of _____.

A．hearing people around as children	B．talking ability as children
C．contacting different people	D．learning different languages

【小题2】Which sentence is best to be filled in the blank in the passage?

A．Listen as much as possible.	B．Try to use your imagination.
C．Great works need to be read out loud.	D．Listen first if you have trouble reading.

【小题3】It can be learned from the last paragraph that _____.

A．you should find pleasure from reading a textbook

B．the habit of reading for pleasure is important

C．reading for school is helpful for reading for pleasure

D．reading for school requires different skills from reading for pleasure

【小题4】What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?

A．To tell us some ways to improve reading ability.

B．To show that poor literacy has been a big problem.

C．To teach us how to look for fun in reading.

D．To tell us some ways to pick up new words and phrases.

Colleges may try to do a lot to prepare students for study abroad – telling about culture shock, warning about homesickness, recommending books about the country. But when it comes to adjusting to campus life when they return, schools haven't done as much, even though the transition is sometimes almost as difficult.
"They can feel disoriented and depressed. They find things are not exactly the way they were when they left," said Antonio Jimenez, director of the Center for International Affairs at California State University Channel Islands in Camarillo, California, US. "They find that people don't care much about their experiences."
Some colleges are now rethinking their approach to study abroad, recognizing that students might need almost as much help adjusting to life back home as they did getting ready to leave: students experience a sort of reverse culture shock when they return to the US.
They might be troubled by the wealth and waste they see back home or they might feel homesick for their new country and its customs. And when they try to talk about their experiences, people quickly lose interest, especially if they haven't lived abroad themselves.
Down the road, they also might find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience that an employer finds attractive.
Some California universities have organized conferences to help students make the most of their time abroad. During a one-day event, students learn how to adjust after living abroad, talk about their experiences and incorporate them into their lives and future careers.
Blythe Cherney, 22, a senior who has studied in Thailand and Britain, found the workshops helpful.
"Any experience abroad does have an effect on you," Cherney said. "When you come back, it's important to talk about it, especially with people who know what you've been through."
Yet most universities focus more on preparation than reorientation. When students return, they might have a welcome home reception. But for the most part, universities figure students can fend for themselves.
【小题1】Which of the following is NOT the trouble that students face when they return from studying overseas?  

A．Culture shock	B．Homesick for their new country
C．Losing interest in their homeland	D．Difficult transition

【小题2】The wrier is _________ the help colleges offer for the students when they return from studying overseas?   

A．pleased with	B．dissatisfied with
C．indifferent with	D．proud of

【小题3】The underlined word “workshops” refers to _________.   

A．conferences where people share their experiences

B．buildings where machines are made

C．shops where books are bought

D．labs where experiments are conduct

【小题4】After the students come back_________.                

A．They will easily find a good job.

B．People are very interested in their experiences.

C．They have to waste time and money.

D．They are confused and disappointed.

【小题5】What is the passage mainly about?     

A．Overseas students experience culture shock in foreign countries.

B．Some universities offer to help students in need.

C．Returned students find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience.

D．Returning from studying overseas, students face more trouble than they expected.

Education is required and free for every child in the United States. Most children start school by the age of six. They attend eight years of elementary school and four years of high school (or secondary school ).The money for free public schools comes from taxes, and each state is responsible for its own educational system .State legislatures (立法机关) set the educational requirements but leave the management of the schools in the hands of the local communities .Most states require their children to go to school until a certain age. This age varies from 16 to 18 years according to the laws of the individual state. The Federal government contributes funds to the states for additional schools and schools services.
After graduation from high school, a student can start his higher education in two –year college, a four-year college, a university or a specialized professional school----either public or private. Most colleges admit students on the basis of their high-school records. The cost of a college education is expensive in private universities, but it is much less in those supported by states and cities. Many students receive scholarships from the schools, the government, or private foundations and organizations. More than 50 percent of the college students work to help pay their college expenses.
Only 2 percent of the population of the country cannot read and write.
【小题1】Where does the money for public schools come from ?
A. From the Federal government
B. From the state legislatures.
C. From taxes
From the parents of the school children.
【小题2】What is the educational system in the United States based on ?

A．The Federal government	B．Individual school
C．Individual state	D．Local communities

【小题3】What percentage of the population is illiterate (文盲) ？

A．50

B．2

C．4

D．6

【小题4】How are college expenses of most students paid ?
A.They won earnings from part-time work .
B.Scholarship from the schools, the government or private foundations.
C. Taxes .
D.  Both A and B.