Do you sleep well? Some people get off to sleep as soon as their head hits the pillow, but  many others are not so lucky. In fact, the lack of quality sleep has become a public health issue around the world. According to me World Association of Sleep Medicine, 45 percent of the world's population suffer from sleep problems. One in eight people don't sleep well and are easily woken. 7.6 percent sleep less than 3 hours each night. Some even cannot fall asleep for several days in a row.
As a basic bodily and mental need, sleep is essential for our survival, it helps us to fight diseases, strengthen our memory, perform better in work and school and improve our quality of life. Lack of sleep is known to have a significant negative influence on health, both in the short and long term. Poor sleep has been associated with obesity, diabetes, weakened immune systems and even some cancers, as well as depression and anxiety.
The World Sleep Day, held on the third Friday of March, is an annual celebration of sleep to lighten the burden of sleep problems through better prevention and management of sleep disorders.
To achieve this goal, we must figure out what causes sleepiness and sleeplessness.
Unhealthy lifestyle may be the first to blame. More and more people use cell phones and computers in bed, with many staying up until midnight. Modern technology does make our life convenient, but abuse of it ruins our health. Environmental conditions, such as temperature, noise, light, bed comfort also play an important Pole in one's ability to get proper sleep. Besides, improper evening diet, like a full or an empty stomach, coffee and alcohol all contribute to sleep problems. Of course, when it comes to causing poor sleep, stress from finances, family or work should never be ignored．
However, those who suffer from sleep disorders don't necessarily have to continue to do so -most sleep problems can be managed．
【小题1】What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?

A．Nobody can stay awake for several days

B．Most people are going through sleep problems

C．Sleep problems have become a worldwide concern．

D．The majority of the world's population can't sleep well．

【小题2】Which of the following is not a direct cause of sleep problems?

A．Unhealthy lifestyle．	B．Modern technology．
C．Environmental conditions．	D．Work stress．

【小题3】What will be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A．The harm of sleep problems．

B．Activities on the World Sleep Day．

C．Interviews of poor sleep sufferers．

D．Measures against sleep problems．

【小题4】Which best describes the author's attitude to sleep problem in the text?

A．Doubtful．

B．Disapproving．

C．Concerned．

D．Enthusiastic

“Drink your milk. It’s good for you!” You’ve probably heard that many times, and it’s true. Milk contains calcium, which is a necessary nutrient for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong. The U.S. government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program, saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk at each meal.
Last Thursday, however, a group of doctors asked the government to remove milk from the lunch program. The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says, “Milk is high in sugar, high in fat and high in animal protein, all of which have negative effects on health.” “One of the only reasons people talk about dairy, or promote it, is that it is going to help build strong bones.” says Dr. Neal Barnard, president of the PCRM. There are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans, broccoli, cereals and tofu. Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient.
Of course, calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth, but your genes, how much vitamin D you take in and getting an hour’s worth of exercise every day all play a part.
Some nutritionists disagree with the idea that milk isn’t important. Keri Gans, a dietitian, says, “I think it’s irresponsible to take away this beverage that children enjoy, especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day, and remove it from the lunch line.”
The U.S. government is studying the request of the PCRM, but a decision may be a long way off. Meanwhile, Marion Nestle, a professor at New York University, puts it best: “Milk has nutrients. Other foods have the same nutrients. It’s just a food. Like other foods, too much might be a problem.”
【小题1】What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph?

A．The concern about students’ health.	B．Traditional attitudes towards milk.
C．Ways to keep bones and teeth healthy.	D．The practice of the U.S. government.

【小题2】According to Dr. Neal Barnard, milk is preferred mainly because _____.

A．children like its taste	B．people ignore its disadvantages
C．it contains more calcium than other foods	D．the calcium in it can build up bone strength

【小题3】We can learn from the text that _____.

A．bone strength is determined by many factors

B．people’s diets shouldn’t contain animal protein

C．the opinion of the PCRM will soon be accepted

D．people should turn to vegetables for calcium

Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn’t want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry’s manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters.
If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion(万亿)minutes annually - earn $109 billion for the wireless carriers.
Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect.” The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled.
Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population.
“Most cancers have multiple causes,” she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.
Children are more vulnerable（易受伤的）to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says.
Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.
Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen（腹部）.
【小题1】According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increase ____.

A．among children	B．among old people
C．in the twenties	D．among pregnant women

【小题2】Why do children easily be affected by radiation?

A．Because they haven’t grown up.

B．Because they are too young to protect themselves.

C．Because they use cell phones more often than adults.

D．Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt.

【小题3】What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A．Pregnant women should keep cell phones away.

B．People should use cell phones in the correct way.

C．If you are a child, you’d better text than make phone calls.

D．When you use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phone’s speaker.

【小题4】What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Be careful when using cell phones.

B．Don’t hold your cell phone against your ear.

C．Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains.

D．Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer.

For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted movie, but to no avail. It was only when I turned to meditation(沉思)for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!
The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping along the path singing, "I'm singing in the rain", a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain(限制) our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.
Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre.
If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.
【小题1】The author felt depressed because she __________.

A．couldn't consume her waking hour

B．had not seen a film for a long time.

C．had not finished her work on time

D．had worked on a hard job for too long

【小题2】The author walked in a nature reserve in the rain in order to__________.

A．take photos	B．find a solution to the project
C．hop along the path	D．cheer herself up

【小题3】The underlined part "to no avail" in Paragraph 1 probably means " __________.".

A．unsuccessful

B．unrelated

C．uninteresting

D．unexpected

【小题4】In the author's opinion, __________.

A．a bath can make people relaxed

B．depression is usually caused by hard work

C．walking in a busy city centre harms people's health

D．adults should express their inner feelings freely

【小题5】The last paragraph mainly serves as a(n) __________.

A．explanation

B．suggestion

C．introduction

D．reminder

Most American children eat potatoes every day, but they don't know which part of potato is most nourishing(有营养的).Take a sharp knife and cut a very thin slice(薄片) from it and hold it to the light, and you will see that the potato has skin, an outside rim(边缘) and the inner part. The outside rim which is right under the skin is most nutritious.But this part is often thrown away with the skin. Even the skin itself is better for food than the inside. When eating a cooked potato, if you choose the inside and leave the outside, you are wasting the best part of it. If you can’t eat the whole potato, it is better to eat the outside rim and leave the inner part.
【小题1】A potato has _________.

A．one part only

B．two parts

C．three parts

D．four parts

【小题2】The best part of the potato is the _________.

A．middle

B．skin

C．outside rim

D．inside

【小题3】What does this reading tell about potatoes? It tells us _________.

A．how to cook them	B．how to cut potatoes
C．what is a potato made up of	D．how to eat them

Parkour (跑酷) is a new sport that is developing quickly in the world. The aim of parkour is to jump, climb or run over any all stair, or fence on your path easily. Usually, it is done in a city environment. Practicers take very wall or roof as their training place. If you have seen the beginning of the James Bond movie Casino Royale, then you have seen an excellent example of parkour.
David Belle, a young Frenchman, developed parkour in the 1990s. His father's experiences as a fireman as well as an acrobat(杂技演员)influenced him a lot. His childhood friend, Sebastien Foucan, is the actor in the movie Casino Royale with his parkour performance. Foucan is thought to have developed free-running, which is a more artistic and skillful type of parkour. David belle traveled to India and said one way he trained was by watching a physical one. The aim is to become so skillful, and it is almost unnecessary for you to think about the different actions in running through a path full of barriers(障碍物).
Parkour is not exactly a sport. It is not developed fro competition. It is more about learning to control mind and body in difficult situations. There are many basic movements in parkour. One example is where practicers swing through the narrow space between two bars while keeping their body level with the ground. This is called the underbar. Other movements are the tic-tac and the kong vault jump. Skillful practicers seem to get out of control of gravity.
The popularity has spread largely because of parkour videos and organizations on the Internet. And if you search on the Web, you will find parkour groups performing their skills near you.
【小题1】The author wrote this text to _______

A．introduce a new sport parkour	B．show how parkour is popular in the world
C．Tell the history of parkour	D．explain the basic movements in parkour

【小题2】Who performed parkour in the movie Casino Royale?

A．David Belle.

B．James Bond.

C．Sebastien Foucan.

D．David Belle's father.

【小题3】People learn about parkour mainly for ______.

A．the newspaper

B．the Internet

C．the radio

D．TV

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．Children should not be allowed to do parkour.

B．Casino Royale is a movie introducing parkour

C．Most of the lovers of parkour are Internet users.

D．Parkour is a mental exercise as well as a physical one

People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb，you’re wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here，people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.
　　How do people climb the wall? To climb，you need special shoes and a harness(保护带)around your chest to hold you. There are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you don’t fall. A beginner’s wall is usually about 15 feet high，and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it’s easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, it’s not. The most difficult part is to control your fear. It’s normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it’s difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall，the harness and the ropes hold you，and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.
　　Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body，especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger.
【小题1】 What can we infer from the passage?

A．People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays.

B．It is impossible to build up one’s body by climbing.

C．People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors.

D．It is always easy to see holding places in climbing.

【小题2】 The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is .

A．to tie ropes to your harness	B．to control your fear
C．to move away from the wall	D．to climb straight up

【小题3】 The word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means .

A．settlement

B．exercise

C．excitement

D．tiredness

【小题4】 Why does the author write this passage?

A．To tell people where to find gyms.

B．To prove the basic need for climbing.

C．To encourage people to climb mountains.

D．To introduce the sport of wall climbing.

Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined （限于） to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.
　　At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be“getting old”.The disease was thought to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic disease which destroys brain cells.
　　Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking, then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, numbers, names and plans.
As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms（症状） often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.
　　In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.
　　Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus.It may be caused by a poisonous substance（物质） in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.
【小题1】The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease ________.

A．is a terrible part of the aging process

B．is an organic disease that affects young and old

C．can be cured by physical treatment

D．causes forgetfulness

【小题2】All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT________.

A．forgetfulness	B．difficulty in speaking
C．loss of sight	D．loss of the ability to walk

【小题3】According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease?

A．Poisons produced by the brain.	B．Getting old.
C．A virus.	D．Lack of exercise.

【小题4】The progress of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.

A．operation	B．a change in environment
C．medicines	D．physical treatment and exercise

Hearing plays an important part in our everyday life, but few of us take the steps we need to protect our hearing.
It is easy to see how your hearing is under assault in today’s world. There are so many things to hear, and so many new instruments, like iPods and headphones, which can harm your hearing if used improperly. Keeping the volume(音量)to a reasonable level on an iPod or other portable listening instruments is one of the most important ways to protect your hearing. Another great way to keep your hearing protected is to avoid loud noises whenever possible. There are many loud noises from power tools to machinery, and it is important to avoid these noises as often as possible. When it is not possible to avoid them, keep your hearing protected by using earplugs(耳机).
If you think your hearing may have already been damaged by modern technology, it is important to have your hearing tested by a physician. Only such a professional will be able to measure your level of hearing loss and help you find the best solution to your hearing problem.
For those with hearing issues, the choices have never been greater. There are many excellent hearing aids on the market. Having a hearing aid can be a perfect choice for the young and the old alike, and many people who swore they would never wear a hearing aid find that they love the convenience and quality these instruments represent.
Never let an unimportant thing like vanity(虚荣) get in the way of treating a hearing problem. These days there are hearing aids that are nearly invisible to the naked eye, including a number of models that fit completely inside the ear. If you believe you may be experiencing a problem with your hearing, it is important to have it checked out, and to take the right measures to protect your ears. In many cases, this treatment will be as simple as wearing earplugs. Taking care of your ears is of great importance. After all, you only get one set of ears.                      
【小题1】The second paragraph mainly talks about_____.

A．the causes of hearing loss

B．the importance of hearing

C．how to cure hearing problems

D．how to protect your hearing

【小题2】The underlined phrase “under assault” in Paragraph 2 most probably means_____.

A．under consideration

B．under protection

C．under attack

D．under treatment

【小题3】All the following factors may cause hearing problems EXCEPT_____.

A．using iPods improperly

B．listening to MP3 at full volume

C．standing near machinery making a loud noise

D．using earplugs when there are loud noises

The World Health Organization recently reported that the number of cases of tuberculosis(TB) has been abating since 2006 . Also, fewer people are dying from TB. But a study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, says smoking could threaten this progress.
Nearly twenty percent of all people use tobacco, and millions of non-smokers get sick from breathing the smoke. The new study predicts that smoking will produce an additional thirty-four million TB deaths by 2024.
Efforts to control the spread of TB have mainly focused on finding and treating infections. Fewer efforts have been made to understand the causes. Dr Anthony Fauci is the director of the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases. He said, “Despite our control efforts, we still have more than a million people each year dying from TB and millions of people  getting infected; we realize it’s still a very important problem. So we have to do the practical thing and we have to do the fundamental research things at the same time. ”
Smoking does not cause TB; bacteria cause the infection. But the study says smoking affects the nervous system in a way that makes an inactive case of TB more likely to develop into an active one. Stanton Glantz is the director of the University of California’s Centre for Tobacco Control Research and Education and an author of the new study. He says it shows that TB cannot be controlled unless tobacco use is controlled.  He said, “It increases the number of people who will get TB by about seven percent.”
The study is described as the first to identify a direct link between tobacco use and rates of TB infection and death. Professor Glantz says the results should guide those creating health policies and TB control efforts. He said, “If you want to control the infectious disease of TB, you have to control the tobacco industry and the tobacco industry’s efforts to increase tobacco use, particularly in developing countries where TB is a big problem.”
【小题1】What would be the beat title for this passage?

A．Scientists try to find the causes of TB deaths.

B．Study shows smoking is harmful to our health.

C．Study links smoking to millions of TB deaths.

D．Scientists pay more attention to TB deaths than before.

【小题2】What does the underlined word “abating” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Responding

B．Surviving.

C．Rising.

D．Falling.

【小题3】 What would Dr Anthony Fauci probably agree with?

A．More efforts are needed to find the causes of TB infections.

B．TB infections are no longer a serious problem.

C．Few efforts have been put into the work of treating TB infections.

D．The practical and the fundamental research cannot be done together at present.

【小题4】It is implied in the passage that ____________.

A．it is not very hard to control TB

B．smoking indirectly leads to TB

C．an inactive case of TB is deadly

D．people cannot blame smoking for TB