阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　Ever since humans began to live on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier(障碍),communication is carried out through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of expression. Many of these symbols (标志，符号) of whole words are very clear and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot.

　　Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink(眨眼) can be a way of indicating that the part is only joking. A nod means approval(赞同) , while shaking the head indicates a negative(否定的) reaction.

　　Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.

1．Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage?

[　　]

A．When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.

B．Everybody uses only one form of communication.

C．Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.

D．Although other forms, apart from language of communication exist, they are of little value.

2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．There are many forms of communication in existence today.

B．Language is the most common form of communication.

C．Tourists are incapable of using an oral form of communication.

D．Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by body language.

3．Which form other than oral speech could be most commonly used among blind people?

[　　]

4．Sign language is said to be very clear and exact and can be used internationally except for ________.

[　　]

5．How many different forms of communication are mentioned here?

[　　]

　　阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　America is a country on the move. In unheard of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active.

　　It is hard not to get the message. The virtues(优点) of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity(宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel(给……加燃料) a strong interest in the ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding(值得做的)and sometimes safer forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise.

　　As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence(证明) of its health benefits. The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously(强有力地) enough to approximately(大约) double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months.

1．According to the passage, what was the percentage of American adults doing regular physical exercises two years ago?

[　　]

2．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “leveled off”?

[　　]

A．become very popular

B．stopped being popular

C．reached its lowest level in popularity

D．stopped increasing in popularity

3．It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise ________.

[　　]

A．are yet to be proved

B．are to be further studied

C．are supported by scientific evidence

D．are self-evident

4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．Different Forms of Exercise

B．Exercise－The Road to Health

C．Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits

D．Running－A Popular Form of Sport

　　阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．

　　Looking back on my childhood, I firmly believe that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon deserted their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.

　　Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim(模糊的) memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.

　　I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm(热情) had led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle(谜), because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers, and books, some of which might honor with the title of scientific research.

　　But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential(基本的)qualities required is self-discipline(自律), a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.

1．The first paragraph tells us the author ________.

[　　]

A．was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood

B．lost his hearing when he was a child

C．didn't like his brothers and sisters

D．was born to a naturalist's family

2．The author can't remember his relatives clearly because

[　　]

A．he didn't live very long with them

B．the family was extremely large

C．he was too young when he lived with them

D．he was busy with observing nature

3．The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he ________.

[　　]

A．has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic

B．lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist

C．just reads about other people's observations and discoveries

D．comes up with solutions in a most natural way

阅读理解

　　Florence Sephoton is 77 and lives in Deganwy, North Wales. She is reading for arts degree. “I'm more of a creature to polish my mind than polish my furniture. The house takes second place while I put the studying first. ”

　　“I was very happy at school and had wonderful teaching. I passed the university entrance examination and was ready to go to university but with World War Ⅱ I went into banking. I was paid one pound a week. Manchester University kept my place open for three years but I was enjoying the money and freedom so I turned down. ”

　　Mrs. Sephton is now in the second year of the Open University course and is finding it hard work. “I'm feeling tired more frequently. I can't do more than an hour's work at a time. the memory's shocking. I'm supposed to be reviewing and I look up notes I took earlier this year and think, ‘Have you read this before ?’So I'm doing it very slowly—one credit(学分) a year, so it'll take six years. ”

　　“At the moment the greatest reward is simply the increase in knowledge—and the discipline. I had an essay failed this week. The professor said I hadn't answered the question. I've been thinking about it all week. I know I haven't got the facility for essay construction. I just let myself go and get excited. I fell more emotionally than I do mentally. I'm very ordinary really. ”

　　While claiming to be ordinary and lazy, Mrs. Sephton is still working hard daily at her assignments. Mrs. Sephton sees her studies as keeping her fit and independent. “Because of my life I've been self-sufficient. It's not very nice characteristic. It means I don't care enough about people. I can't say I find comfort in what I'm learning, so I'll be interested to see if there's a life ahead. ”

1．When Florence said “I'm more of a creature to polish my mind than to polish my furniture”, she meant that ________.

[　　]

A．she was tired of learning

B．she was more thirsty for knowledge

C．she was more suitable for doing housework

D．she didn't have enough time to keep the house clean

2．Florence never took up her place at Manchester University because ________.

[　　]

A．she was obliged to work

B．she wasn't interested in that university

C．she no longer wanted to study

D．she was happy with her job

3．How is it getting on with her studies?

[　　]

A．Age makes it more difficult for her to cope with her studies.

B．She devotes only a day to her studies.

C．Her memory is as good as it ever was.

D．She has to read everything twice.

4．Florence says she isn't a good essay-writer because

[　　]

A．the essay topics are difficult for her

B．she likes only a few of the topics

C．she's not young enough

D．she fords it difficult to organize ideas properly

5．According to the passage which of the following is true?

[　　]

A．Florence is ordinary.

B．She's rather lazy.

C．She has a strong character.

D．She depends on other people.

阅读理解

　　Another small animal that tigers eat in Ranthambhore ( a wildlife park in northern India) is the porcupine. These animals are spread widely across Indian open areas and grass lands; they often live in the earth and between the rocks. They are good diggers, and in Ranthambhore they only come out at night. They weigh 12 to 16 kilograms and can reach lengths of 80 to 90 centimeters. They live usually on vegetables and fruit and seem to have a good sense of smell. Porcupines defend themselves when attacked by moving backwards with their quills ( a sharp pointed growth on some animals) upright, often making a strange noise.

　　Several times, I have found the remains of quills where a tigers has killed and eaten a porcupine, but I have never actually seen the kill. In spite of that, quills are very sharp and can give painful injuries to young tigers. If the quills have not gone in very deeply or if they are stuck in the tiger's paw, it will try to pull them out. Often, it will be successful, and the wound will get better. But if the quills have gone very deeply or if they are stuck in the tiger's neck or mouth, where they cannot be reached, the wound will often turn bad. If this happens, the tiger is in pain and is less able to hunt animals. It has to look for easier prey ( an animal that is hunted and eaten by another) and so many turn to cows on the edges of the forest. That is its small step towards becoming a man-eater.

1．We know from the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．porcupines are seldom seen

B．porcupines are only seen on hills

C．there are many porcupines in open areas and grasslands across India

D．porcupines live in the earth

2．When attacked, porcupines will ________.

A．raise their quills high

B．move backwards with their quills upright

C．make a strange noise

D．both B and C

3．Tigers can often pull quills out when they are stuck in the tiger's ________.

[　　]

4．According to the information included in the second paragraph, ________.

[　　]

A．tigers wounded by quills will surely die

B．tigers eat cows instead of porcupines

C．tigers never catch easier prey

D．tigers are not born man - eaters

阅读理解

　　An 80-year-old couple were having problem remembering things, so they decided to go to their doctor to get checked out to make sure nothing was wrong with them.

　　When they arrived at the doctor's they explained to the doctor about the problems they were having with their memory. After checking the couple out, the doctor told them that they were physically okay but might want to start writing things down and make notes to help them remember things. The couple thanked the doctor and left.

　　Later that night while watching TV, the man got up from his chair and his wife asked, “Where are you going? ”

　　He replied, “To the kitchen. ”

　　She asked, “Will you get me a bowl of ice cream?”

　　He replied, “Sure. ”

　　She then asked him, “Don't you think you should write it down or you can remember it ?”

　　He said, “No, I can remember that. ”

　　She then said, “Well I would also like some strawberries on top. You had better write that down because I know you' 11 forget that.”

　　He said, “I can remember that, you want a bowl of ice cream with strawberries. ”

　　She replied, “Well I also would like whipped cream on top. I know you will forget that so you'd better write that down. ”

　　With irritation in his voice, he said, “I don't need to write that down! I can remember that. ”He then fumed into the kitchen.

　　After about 20 minutes he returned from the kitchen and handed her a plate of bacon and eggs. She stared at the plate of bacon and eggs. She stared at the plate for a moment and said angrily;“I TOLD you to write it down! You forgot my toast!”

1．Which of the following statements is true to the fact?

[　　]

A．The doctor realized that something serious went wrong with the couple, but he didn't tell them.

B．The doctor thought that the couple was physically okay and gave no further advice .

C．The couple believed the doctor that they were all right.

D．The old man thought that he was all right but not his wife.

2．When the old man fumed into the kitchen, he felt ________.

[　　]

3．We learned from the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．the couple went to see a well-known doctor

B．the doctor didn't give the couple much advice because they were too old

C．forgetting things easily is a sign of aging

D．the couple could no longer take care of themselves

阅读理解

　　At one time in history has there been such a mass movement of people from the country side to the city as is happening now. By the year 2030, it's estimated that more than two thirds of the world's population will be living in cities, twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities today —overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty and lack of food and water — will be twice bad, unless we find solutions soon.

　　Another serious issue is how to provide good transportation for the citizens. Many of the world's major cities are already struggling with out-of-date transport infrastructure(基本设施). How can they deal with the additional demands?

　　London is a good example. Its enlargement was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which powered the world's first underground railway. But its transport systems are now hopelessly out-of-date and need urgent modernization. London's future success depends very much on developing better public transport.

　　Over a million people travel into central London every day from outside the city. They, and the people who live in London, want a public transport system that is efficient, safe and environmentally friendly. What they often get, however, falls far short of that ideal. Commuters complain about cost and pollution, while businesses worry about the problems their staff have in getting to work on time. Yet, the proportion of London households that own a car grew from just over 10 percent in the early 1950s to over 60 percent today.

　　As the city has become increasingly crowded and polluted, there has been a growing realization that action must be taken soon.

1．It is believed that ________.

[　　]

A．overpopulation causes the problems in cities

B．two thirds of the world's population are living in cities today

C．it isn't difficult to solve the problems faced by cities today

D．with fewer people, we would be free from problems

2．The pronoun “They ”(Line 2 Para 4) refers to ________.

[　　]

A．the London citizens

B．those who commute to London from other places

C．managers who are anxious about their staff getting to work

D．Passengers who make complaints

3．“Environmentally friendly ”( Line 2, Para 4) is closest in meaning to ________.

[　　]

A．cheap and convenient

B．fair to all passengers

C．like a friendly neighbor

D．pleasant and nonpolluting

4．________ of the households in London owned a car in the early 1950s.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　New York: When the first jet struck Building 1 World Trade Center at 8: 48 a. m. on Tuesday, the people in Building 2 World Trade Center with a view if the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast.

　　Katherine Ilachinski, who had been knocked off her chair by the blast of heat exploding from the neighbour tower, was one of those. Despite her 70 years of age, Mr Ilachinski, an architect working on the 91st floor of Building 2 World Trade Center, the south tower, went for the stairs. Twelve floors above her, Judy Wein, an executive (经理), screamed and set off too.

　　But others up and down the 110 floors, many without clear views of the damage across the way and thus unclear about what was happening, were not so sure. And the 18 minutes before the next plane would hit were ticking off.

　　Amid the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed people to stay put, assuring (使……确信) them that the building was sound and the thread was limited to the other tower.

　　Some left, others stayed. Some began the climb down and, when met with more announcements and other cautions (警告)to stop or return, went back up. The decisions made in those instants proved to be of great importance, because many who chose to stay were doomed (注定死亡) when the second jet crashed into the south tower, killing many and stranding many more in the floors above where the jet hit.

　　One of those caught in the indecision was the executive at Fuji Bank USA.

　　Richard Jacobs of Fuji Bank left the 79th floor with the other office workers, but on the 48th floor they heard the announcement that the situation was under control. Several got in the lifts and went back up, two minutes or so before the plane crashed into their floor.

　　“I just don't know what happened to them. ”Mr Jacobs said.

1．From the passage, we know that the south tower was hit by the plane ________.

[　　]

A．at 8: 30

B．18 minutes earlier than the north tower

C．at around 9: 06

D．at 8: 48

2．The underlined words “stay put” means ________.

[　　]

A．stay in the building

B．leave at once

C．put everything back and leave

D．keep silent

3．Which floor was hit by the second jet?

[　　]

4．Fewer people would have died if ________.

[　　]

A．more announcements had been made

B．people hadn't used the lift

C．the incident had happened on a weekend

D．the people had obeyed the office rules

阅读理解

　　Roses are red, but they've never been blue. They are actually a lot of colors, but they lack the right pigment genes(色素基因)that would make them blue.

　　But don't worry, if blue is your favorite color, science has the answer. US scientists have said they could make the missing pigment gene in the near future with developments in biotechnology.

　　The scientists were studying how some medicines affect the liver(肝脏) when they found a human protein that fumed things blue during the process. This may be used to create the world's first - known blue rose.

　　Scientists have already turned a cup full of bacteria (细菌) blue with an enzyme (生化酶) taken from a person's liver. They're now trying to put this same human gene into roses. Technology also promises to make sure the roe still smells good. Commercial growing has led to many beautiful but dull- smelling roses. Their colors are varied and they last a long time, but they've little fragrance.

　　Genetic engineers are also trying to get science to fight diseases and insects that affect the world's 120 different rose kinds. These roses are a US $10 billion-a-year business world-wide. The technology may be very useful in gardening, say scientists. “We could try to grow blue cotton, blue anything really. ”said a scientist..

　　So far, though, it hasn't been easy. They have only managed to get a few blue spots into the stems. “ It's not as easy as you may think. It's going to take more work. ”

　　They're not alone, an Australian company was set up in 1986 to develop a blue rose. Researchers have tried to put a “blue” petunia gene into rose`. But they have not had much success so far.

1．If you like blue roses, you ________.

[　　]

A．can have one in the future

B．can buy one in a shop

C．can never see one

D．can to go to the lab to enjoy them

2．Scientists try to find ________ to make blue roses.

[　　]

A．right human genes

B．a right protein

C．right pigment genes

D．a right enzyme

3．We can infer from the passage that biotechnology will ________.

[　　]

A．make blue roses possible

B．change our life greatly

C．help a lot in gardening

D．make roses smell good

阅读理解

　　The heart of the American calendar is July 4. Americans have celebrated this date as Independence Day since 1776. On this holiday, parades, picnics and fireworks create a festive atmosphere. Red, white and blue ribbons mimic (模拟)the colors of the “stars and stripes”. Patriotic speeches remind Americans of their heritage. But July 4 is more than a national holiday. It represents the heartbeat of America: freedom.

　　Ask the average American, “What is freedom?”You will probably hear, “It's being able to do what I want to do. ”When Americans think of freedom, they often think of individualism (个人). They see themselves more as individuals than as members of a family or social group. American-style democracy tries to protect individual rights. It also promises each person the freedom to make choices. People in other culture may not understand this emphasis in individuals. Stressing individual human rights seems strange to cultures where the rights of society are more important.

　　Privacy is one good example of individual rights. Personal freedom in America often means the right to one's own space. In many American homes, each child has his or her own bedroom. Parents feel they should knock before entering. When Americans want to visit friends or relatives, they usually call first. They don't want to invade someone's privacy, even if they know the person quite well. Also, in some cultures people have strong ties to their extended family. They openly share time, money and information with their family members. Americans, on the other hand, prefer to keep many “family matters” private. For them, a “family unit”is just a husband and wife and their children. They dislike having relatives or outsiders meddle (干涉) in their affairs. Like wise, individuals may not want to share private information in everyday conversation. If a stranger asks about their salary, age, marital status or religion, Americans might feel embarrassed or un-comfortable.

1．“Stars and stripes” in the first paragraph refers to ________.

[　　]

A．the national flag of the USA

B．a certain pattern Americans like best

C．something used to celebrate the holiday

D．the most beautiful fireworks

2．July 4 is a special day to Americans because ________.

[　　]

A．it has something to do with freedom

B．it reminds Americans of the Civil War

C．they have a special chance to recall the history

D．there is a festive atmosphere

3．In the eyes of Americans freedom means ________.

[　　]

A．do whatever you like

B．the emphasis on human rights

C．care more about oneself

D．keep away from others

4．In America ________.

[　　]

A．people openly share time, money and information

B．only close friends share private information

C．every individual has his own space

D．only relatives talk about something private in everyday conversation

5．Americans always regard themselves as

[　　]

A．heroes

B．members of a family

C．members of a social group

D．individuals