阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training．The first demands exact．careful movements of the muscles（肌肉）．This kind of activiry must be strictly controlled because even a slight movenmenl in the wrong direction wilt lead to a mistake．To type quickly,for example,a person needs training;the slighmst movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake．A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself．You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space,which,too,requires a lot of practice．

　　The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort．Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping,but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort．Three years ago,some scientists carried out experiments,which produced meaningful and unexpected results．They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems．They selccted some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycie riding．They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of a given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained．This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen（氧气）we breathe in and that this training,in fact,reduces the amount of work our hearts do．Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged,loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face．Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness,a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one．This phenomenon（现象）is commonly known as“Empty Nest Syndrome”（空巢综合症）．

　　In order to seek better chances outside their countries,many young people have gone abroad,leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home．Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights,taking care of themselves,in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them．The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries．Whatever the case,it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do．This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown up children from providing response（回应）in time for their aged parents living by themselves．

　　The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as“distant parent phenomenon”,which is common both in devel-oped countries and in developing countries．Our society has not yet been well prepared for“Empty Nest Syndrome”．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Here's How to Get your 6 Movies for 1￠ Each．

　　Just Write in the Numbers of the 6 movies you want for 1￠ each,plus shipping．In exchange（交换）,you agree to buy just six more movies in the next three years,at our regular Club prices(which currently start as low as $ 19．95 plus shipping)— and you may cancel（取消）membership at any time after doing so．What's more,you can get two more movies for the low price of $ 6．95 each and you will,after that,spend much less on the movies you want．

　　Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year),with our Director's selection— plus many lower-priced cassettes,down to $ 14．95．And you may receivc Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying op-portnnities per year)．

　　But Only What You Want!If you want the Director's Sclcction do nothing — it will be sent automatically（自动地）．If you prefer some other selection,or none at all．just mail the answer card always provided by the date specified．And you'll always have 14 days to decide．

　　Instant Bonus Plan．As soon as you become a member,you'll immediately have the right to our moneysaving plan!It enables you to enjoy more great savings on the movies you want-right from the start of your membership!

　　10-Day Risk-Free Trial．If not satisfied,return every thing within 10 days,and then you'll get your money back and there will be no further obligation．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When Babbage was working at Cambridge,a new idea occurred to him．He wanted to construct a calculating machine to work out the solutions（解法）to moths problems not only with correctness but also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind．His machine could solve problems involving（涉及）long rows of figures in one continuous operation（运算）．

　　In 1822 Babbage exhibited his invention and won a prize from the government．After that,he immediately started to work on a larger machine designed to solve more difficult problems．Although he received some money left by his father,the money was not enough to support his design．He wrote to the government about his plan and was given ￡ 2500 to start with a sum worth much more in those days than it is now．

　　Babbage continued his work in London for four years．Then his health broke down,and he had to take a long holiday abroad．When he reurned to London in 1828,he was at the end of his resources．Many bills remained unpaid．His chief assistant and co-workers quarreled with him and left with many expensive tools．For one year no work was done．During this period,Babbage,whose mind was always active,suddenly thought of a completely new idea for the machine．He rushed to meet the government officials to explain his new idea．But this time．they were unwilling to help him．For eight years,they refused to say whether they wanted the machine or not．and their final answer was“No”．

　　From 1828 to 1839．Babbage held the position of professor at Cambridge very successfully．But his greatest work was the unfinished calculating machine which stood covered in dust in his house．It was the beginning of the modern computer．

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　　A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle;it can be a basket of fun,according to Beth Anaclerin,an Evaston mother of two,ages 4 and 18 months．

　　“Having a party at home usually requires a lot of running around on the part of the parents,and often the birthday boy or girl gets lost in wild excitement．But it really doesn't have to be that way,“said Anaclerio．Last summer,Anaclerio and her friend Jill Carlisle,a Northbrook mother of a 2-year-old,founded a home party-planning business called “A Party in a Basket．”Their goal is to help parents and children share in the fun part of party plannijng,like choosing the subject or making a cake,while they take care of everyting．

　　Drawing on their experiences as mothers,they have created（制作）10 ready-to-use,home party packages．Everything a family needs to plan a party,except the cake and ice cream,is delivered to the home in a large basket．

　　“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,”Anaclerio said,“and they're very interactive（互动）and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject．For example,at the Soda shoppe party the guests become waiters and waitresses and build wonderful ice cream creations．”

　　The standard $ 200 package for eight children includes a basket filled with invitations,gifts,games and prizes,paper goods,a party planner and the like．For more information,call Anaclerio at 708-864-6584 or Carlisle at 708-205-9141．

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　　There is one foreign product the Japanese are buying faster than others,and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese．

　　That product is foreign words．

　　Gairaigo— words that come from outside— have been part of the Japanese language for centuries．Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers．

　　But in the last few years the trickle（涓涓流水）of foreign words has become a floos,and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the amanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional（传统的）Japanese．

　　“The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanses interest in anything new,”says university lecturer and writer Takashi Saito．“By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new,which makes it easier for the media（媒体）to pick up．”

　　“Experts（专家）often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields．Those terms are then included in government white papers,”said Muturo Kai,president of the National Language Research Institute．“Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public,when they should really be explained in Japanese”

　　Against the flow of new words,many Japanese are turning back to the study of their own language．Saito's Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that are now flying off booksdllers' shelves．

　　“We were expecting to sell the books to young people,”said the writer,“but it turns out they are more popular with the older generation,who seem uneasy about the future of Japanese．”

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　　Clive was climbing an old tree on Butter Hill．His father and Mr．Drew were making conversation not far away,which Clive could overhear．

　　“…North Dakota,capital Bismarck,”said Clive's father．

　　“Yes,and of South Dakota it's Pierre．Delaware next,capital Dover,with a population of only 5,000…”

　　Clive listened,checking the names．When they got stuck on Indiana,he came down the tree and went across to them．

　　“Let me see now,”Mr．Drew was saying．“Indiana,Indiana… the capital must be Fort Wayne”

　　“No,”said the other．“I think it's Evansville”．

　　“Indianapolis,”said Clive．“That's the easiest of all to remember．”

　　Both the men laughed．“He's right,you know,”Mr．Drew said．Clive's father agreed,“Yes,yes．Indiana,Indianapolis．Now Kansas…”

　　Clive,who was thirteen then,was not very clever at school．But at the moment he felt rather proud of himself．

　　Looking back now,after many years,Clive remembers some of the ways he learned geography．One thing he remembers clearly is the“test”that took place every other week．The teacher used to pin up a big map on the board — China perhaps,or the United States,Australia or Europe — The map would have everything on it,except the names．The teacher,pointing with a long,wooden stick,began．

　　“Ready?Fifty questions．Number 1 — write the name of this river．Number 2— the name of this state．3 — its capital,here．4 — the name of this bay．5…”．

　　Clive has quite forgotten whether he enjoyed learning geography or not．He didn't consider the rights or wrongs．Though he has never studied geography since he left school,he has never forgotten it,he is glad about the way he learned．The work might have been dull,unexciting;but even so,the dullness has given him a lifetime of interest,understanding and pleasure．

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　　Dog Translation Products Coming to US

　　A Japanese toy maker declares that they have developed a gadget（小器具）that translates dog barks into human language and plans to begin selling the gadget — under the name of Bowlingual — in US pet stores and gift shops this summer．

　　Tokyo-based Takara Co Ltd says about 300,000 of the dog translator gadgets have been sold since it was on sale in Japan late last year．It is forecasting far bigger sales once an English language translation for dogs comes to America in August．The United States is home to about 67 million dogs,more than six times the number in Japan．

　　“We know that tile Americans love their dogs,so much so we don't think they will mind spending $ 120 on this product,”the Takara marketing manager said during an interview at a recent pet products conference in Atlanta．

　　Regarded as one of the coolest inventions of 2002 by Time magazine,Bowlingual is made up of a 3-inch hong wireless micrnphone that is fastened to a dog collar and sends out sounds to a small console（控制台）that is connected to a database（数据库）．The console divides each bark into six emotional types — happiness,sadness,disappointment,anger,threat and desire — and shows common phrases,such as“You're ticking me off,”that fit the dog's emotional state．

　　Takara says it has spent millions of dollars developing the gadget in cooperation with famous sound experts and animal behaviorists．

　　One thing that does appear certain is that the markets for animal translation products will likely remain a dog's world since Takara has no plans to develop a similar gadget for cats．“They are too unpredictable（反复无常）,”the marketing manager said．

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　　IL WAUKEE,Feb 17 The Democratic presidential nomination（民主党总统提名）battle tmned into a two-man contest on Tuesday as Senator John Kerry narrowly defeated Senator John Edwards in the Wisconsin primary（初选）．Howard Dean suffered a sad third-place showing that Democrats said would effectively end his campaign（选举）．

　　The finish by Mr Edwards surprised Democrats here,as well as those in the Kerry and Edwards camps,who had been looking for Mr Kerry to post another decisive victory in Wisconsin,based on his performance so far this year．

　　And it set the stage for what Mr Edwards said he had long wanted after trying to break through what was once a crowded field:a clean two-way race with Mr Kerry,played out over a relatively long period,until the next big primary day,March 2．

　　“The people of Wisconsin spoke loudly and clearly tonight,”Mr Edwards said in a joyful speech to supporters．“They want a debate．They want this campaign to continue”．

　　Mr Kerry,who stepped out to give his victory speech as Mr Edwards was speaking,knocking him off live television,made no mention of the thin margin（差数）．

　　Dr Dean,the former governor of Vermont,said even before the polls closed that he would continue his campaign no matter what the outcome in Wiseonsin,a state he once said he had to win．

　　“We are not done,”he said in his speech on Tuesday．

　　But leading Democrats said that in light of his latest disappointing loss,they saw little hope for his continuing as a serious candidate（侯选人）．and while Mr Kerry and Mr Edwards turned their attention to March 2,when there will be 10 contests,Dr Dean prepared to head back to his home in Burlington to determine where to take his campaign from here．

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　　George E．Ellion Jr,who has died,aged 85,gave the unnoticed warning about aircraft coming near Pearl Harbour,in 1941,as described in history books and movies like “Tora,Tora,Tora”．

　　Elliott died on Saturday of complications（并发症）from a stroke（中风）,his family said．

　　The former Army radar operator detected incoming Japanese aircraft on December 7,1941．He then gave a warning,but it was brushed aside．Nealy an hour later,the enemy planes reached the US Navy's fleet（舰队）in the harbour．

　　In a 50-year anniversary（周年）story,a reporter from the US's Associated Press told how Elliott and another soldier,Joseph L．Loekard,had been on duty that day since 4 am at Kahuku Point on the northern tip of Oahu Island,Hawaii．They had been familiarizing themselves with a strange new inventionthat could“see”130 miles(208 kilometres)out to sea— something called“radar”．

　　Just after 7 am,Elliott saw“something completely out of the ordinary”on the screen,a huge blip（信号）,due north,137 miles(219．2 kilometres)out．The information was called in to headquarters,and the operators were told it was a flight of B17 Flying Fortresses due in from California．

　　They kept tracking for practice,and the blip grew so large that Lockard figured the set was broken．They turned it off at 7∶45,after the blip disappeared behind Oabu's mountains．

　　About 10 minutes later,the first bombs were falling on the battleships in the harbour．

　　Later that morning,when Elliott and Lockard arrived back at their base,they learned the significance of what they had observed．

　　Elliott served in the Army until 1945,and then worked for New Jersey Bell Telephone for 33 years before retiring．

　　In later years,his warning at Pearl Harbour brought him reward．The actions of the radar operators were described in the 1970 movie“Tora,Tora,Tora,”and on television specials and in history books．

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