阅读理解

We shall not drown if we remember these rules:

1. Never 　　 swim alone.
2. Never 　　 swim at a beach if there is no lifeguard.
3. Never 　　 swim after a meal or when you feel hungry.
4. Never 　　 rely on rings, floats or other swimming aids. You may lose them or they 　　 may let you sink.
5. Do 　　 not stay in the water too long, especially if it is cold.
6. Before 　　 you dive, be sure that the water is deep enough and that you will not hit 　　 anybody.
7. Never 　　 go out in a boat if you can’t swim or if you are not wearing a life 　　 jacket.

If you fall into difficulty, this is that you should do:

1.　　   Keep calm. Save your strength and breath.

2.　　   Try to float on your back or tread(踩)water. To tread water, move your feet as if you are climbing some stairs.

3.　　   Raise your right arm for help.

Remember: A red flag means that it is dangerous for all swimmers to enter the water. A blue flag means that it is dangerous for children and weak swimmers to enter the water.

1．When you see a red flag, you know that　　   .

A. no one should swim there

B. anyone may swim there

C. only strong swimmers should swim there

D. children should swim there

2．We can go swimming   　　.

A. after a meal　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. if we have a ring

C. in deep cold water　　　　　　　　　　 D. with our friends

3．We should dive only when　　    .

A. the water is deep enough

B. the water is warm

C. the water is cold

D. we are not alone

4．What the writer wants to say is 　　　　.

A. rings and floats are of no use

B. boats are not safe

C. we must be very careful in swimming

D. swimming is a bad sport

5．We should　　   when in difficulty.

A. hold our breath

B. keep calm and let other know

C. put up our arms

D. be silent

　　1．A train car moves along a long straight track. The graph（曲线）shows the position as a function of time for this train. The graph shows that

　　A．slows down all the time

　　B．speeds up all the time

　　C．speeds up part of the time and slows down part of the time

　　D．moves at a constant speed

　　2．As the diagram shows, there is a fixed superconductor ring, on the right of which lies a bar magnet. There is no electric current. When the magnet is moved to the right, because of electro-magnetic, induction, a certain electric current is produced. Thus the direction of the electric current is ________.

　　A．as indicated by the arrowhead in the diagram. When the magnet is moved away, the electric current will soon disappear.

　　B．as indicated by the arrowhead in the diagram. When the magnet is moved away, the electric current will still remain.

　　C．in the opposite direction. When the magnet is moved away, the electric current will soon disappear.

　　D．in the opposite direction. When the magnet is moved away, the electric current will still remain.  

Answer the following question by using the information taken from a dictionary page. （You may read the questions first. ）

jaguar n. a type of large, yellow-colored cat with black markings found in the southwestern region of the U. S. and in Central and South America.

　　jargon 1n. speech that doesn’t make sense. 2n an unknown language that seems strange or impossible to understand. 3 n. a language made up of two of more other languages: His jargon was a mixture of French and English. 4 n. the special vocabulary of a field or profession: Her report on computers was filled with jargon.

　　jaunt 1n. a trip taken for fun. 2v. to go on a brief pleasant trip: We jaunted to the country last Saturday.

　　javelin 1n. a spear most commonly used as a weapon or in hunting. 2n. a lightweight metal or wooden spear that is thrown in track—and—field contests. 3n. the contest in which a javelin is thrown. 4v. to strike, as with a javelin.

　　jazz 1n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3n. （slang）empty talk. 4adj. of or like jazz: a jazz band, jazz records.

jennet n. a small Spanish horse.

1．Which meaning of the word javelin is used in the sentence below?

　　At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.

　　A．Definition 3

　　B．Definition 2

　　C．Definition 1

　　D．Definition 4

　　2．Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?

　　Doctors often speak in medical jargon.

　　A．Definition 3

　　B．Definition 2

　　C．Definition 1

　　D．Definition 4

　　3．What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?

　　Don’t give me that jazz , for I am a practical person.

　　A．a kind of dance

　　B．a type of music

　　C．rhythmic beats

　　D．meaningless talk

    Yet the dream remains alive: if all men speak the same language, they can do anything. L. L. Zamenhof from Poland was among the men who pursue this dream. He developed Esperanto (世界语) between 1877 and 1885. As the most successful man-made world language, it is spoken by over two million people around the world. Last month, the World Esperanto Congress (大会), dealing with language rights, ended in Sweden. The 2004 conference will be held in Beijing.

    Most Esperanto speakers are in Central and Eastern Europe and in East Asia, particularly Chinese mainland. Esperanto has two advantages (优点). First, it’s easy. Each letter has exactly one sound and there are just 16 basic grammar rules. The second advantage is that it belongs to no one country.

    But Esperanto has only reached a small number of people compared with natural languages widely used around the world--such as English or Chinese. While these languages are deeply connected with their nations and cultures, Esperanto doesn’t have this background.

    Will Esperanto really become a global language? It remains a question.

    1. The writer tells us a story at the beginning to ________.

    A. explain why men have been making the effort to create a language shared by all

    B. explain why men now speak different languages

    C. show the relationship between man and God

    D. prove language is very important

   2. What does the word“pursue”in the second paragraph mean?

    A. Realize.　　　　　　 B. Work for.　　　　  C. Be against.　　　　 D. Follow.

    3. What is the basic difference between Esperanto and English?

    A. More people speak English than Esperanto.

    B. Esperanto words are easier to spell.

    C. Esperanto has fewer grammar rules.

    D. Esperanto is not supported by any country or culture.

    4. What does the story mainly talk about?

    A. Advantages and disadvantages of Esperanto.

    B. Men’s dream of sharing the same language.

    C. Comparison of Esperanto and other languages like English and Chinese.

    D. The most successful planned language-Esperanto.

    The second shop, though slightly more polite, was just the same, and the third and the fourth-so I decided that my approach must be wrong.

    I went into the fifth shop with a plan in my mind. I placed the chair on the floor and said to the shopkeeper,“Would you like to buy a chair?”He looked it over carefully and said, “Yes, not a bad chair. How much do you want for it, sir?” “Twenty pounds,” I said. “OK,” he said, “I’ll give you twenty pounds.” “It’s got a slightly broken leg,” I Said. “Yes, I’ saw that, it’s nothing.”

    Everything was going according to plan and I was getting excited. “What will you do with it?” I asked. “Oh, it will be easy to sell once the repair is done.” “I’ll buy it,” I said. “What do you mean! You’ve just sold it to me,” he said. “Yes, I know but I’ve changed my mind. I’m sorry. I’ll give you twenty-seven pounds for it.” “You must be crazy,” he said. Then, suddenly the penny dropped. “I know what you want. You want me to repair your chair.” “You’re right,” I said. “And what would you have done if I had walked in and said, Would you mend this chair for me I wouldn’t have agreed to do it,” he said. “We don’t do repairs, not enough money in it and too much trouble. But I’ll mend this for you, shall we say for a fiver?” He was a very nice man and was greatly amused (感到有趣) by the whole thing.

1. We can learn from the text that in the first shop the writer ________.

A. was rather impolite

B. was warmly received

C. asked the shopkeeper to buy his chair

D. asked the shopkeeper to repair his chair

2. The expression“the penny dropped”in the last paragraph means the shopkeeper ________.

    A. changed his mind　　　　　　　　　　　　   B. accepted the offer

    C. saw the writer’s purpose　　　　　　    D. decided to help the writer

3. How much did the writer pay?

    A.￡5.　　　　　　　　   B.￡7.　　　　　　　　   C.￡20.　　　　　　　　 D.￡27.

4. From the text, we can learn that the writer was ________

A. honest　　　　　　   B. careful　　　　　　　　　　 C. smart　　　　　　    D. funny

    A few days ago, he was just Colonel (上校) Yang; Few people knew his name or recognized his face. But last Thursday, when he came back to the earth after a 21-hour trip to space, Yang Liwe's smile was seen across the world above the magic words:“China’s first spaceman”.

    The 38-year-old astronaut was sent into space at 9 a. m. last Wednesday by China’s Shenzhou V spacecraft, which orbited the earth 14 times. He landed safely at 6: 23 a. m. the next day, making China the third country to successfully send a person into space, after the former Soviet Union and the US.

    Yang was satisfied with his job. “I have seen many landing scenes before on video, and I think ours was one of the most successful,” he said on a special plane to Beijing after landing.

    Born into an ordinary family in Liaoning Province, he became a pilot in the Chinese Air Force in 1987, spending 1, 350 hours in the air. He joined the Chinese space programmer 11 years later.

    While in space, Yang recorded everything he saw as well as showing China’s national flag and the United Nations’ flag to the people watching on TV at home. He also ate a meal of diced chicken and fried rice, before taking a 3-hour nap. The whole project went according to plan, but space exploration is not as easy as it seems.

    Anyone who saw the destruction of the US space shuttle Columbia in February this year will know that Yang took a great risk.

    He experienced extremely high temperatures, while the gravitational forces (重力) on takeoff and landing were strong enough to force tears from his eyes.

    He has spent five years training to become a spaceman.

    "I eat all of my meals at the space programmer’s dinning room and have never been able to take my son to kindergarten," he said. "I’ve never met his teachers."

    But becoming China’s first spaceman has made all the effort worthwhile.

    “When I boarded the spacecraft for the first time, I couldn’t help feeling excited,”he said.“I decided that I had to fly it.”

    To Chinese people, Yang is now a hero. One visitor to a Xinhua news agency online forum (网上论坛) said:“Yang’s trip is a giant leap forward for China.”

    Officials say the next Shenzhou will be launched by 2005. China also plans to develop space walking and a space lab.

1. What is the main idea of the story?

    A. China’s first manned space flight.

    B. A hero with great courage

    C. The first Chinese man in space

    D. How Yang Liwei became China’s first spaceman

2. How long did each of Yang’s orbits take on average?

    A. 1 hour.　　　　　　  B. 1. 5 hours.　　　　 C. 6 hours.　　　　    D. The story didn’t mention.

3. Why did the writer mention the gravitational forces on takeoff and landing?

    A. To stress the hardship and the spaceman had to experience.

    B. Because it was a very special experience for any spacemen.

    C. To stress how much training he had to do to prepare for the flight

    D. To show that Yang is lucky.

4. Why did the writer use“giant leap”in the title?

    A. Because the space flight marked China’s great progress in the field of space exploration.

    B. Because Neil Armstrong said it was a "giant leap" for mankind when he first set foot on the moon.

    C. Because the space flight was a huge success.

    D. Both A and B.

    Of course, neither of them could really do that for you-you would just“borrow”their voices.

    AT&T labs will start selling speech software that it says is so good at reproducing the sounds of a human voice that it can recreate voices and even bring the voices of long-dead famous people back to life.

    The software, which turns printed text into speech, makes it possible for a company to use recordings of a person’s voice to say things that the person never actually said.

    Possible customers for the software, which is priced in the thousands of dollars, include telephone call centers, companies that make software that reads digital (数学的) files aloud, and makers of automated voice devices (装置). The advances raise several problems. Who, for example, owns the rights to a famous person’s voice? (Some experts even believe that new contracts (合同) will be drawn that include voice-licensing clauses. )

    And although scientists say the technology is not yet good enough to commit fraud (假冒), would the synthesized (合成的) voices at last be able to trick people into thinking that they were getting phone calls or digital audio recordings from people they know?

    Even Mr. Fruchterman, one of AT&T lab’s possible first customers, said he wondered what the new technology might bring.“Just like you can't trust a photograph any more.”he said,“you won’t be able to trust a voice either.”

    1. With the help of the speech software, it is most possible ________.

A. to improve a famous person’s speech

B. to say what you want in another’s voice

C. to make a speech much more easily

D. to help you to find a better job

    2. If the speech software were widely used,________.

    A. people would no longer believe each other

    B. it would not be necessary to go for a speech by a famous person

    C. no radio or TV broadcasters would be needed

    D. recording of a voice alone would not be taken as a proof in the court

    3. According to the passage, you can infer that ________.

    A. the software will turn out to be an immediate success in the market.

    B. the government will forbid the sale of the software in the market.

    C. it’s hard to decide whether the software will enjoy popularity.

    D. the software will soon prove to be nothing but rubbish.

    4. The passage mainly wants to ________.

A. introduce a new software

B. explain the disadvantage of a new invention

C. advertise a new kind of product

D. describe the future market of a new product

    Recent studies suggest that family arrangements in Western societies have not changed as much in the last few centuries as is generally believed. Yet most sociologists agree that in modern societies, there are fewer opportunities for friendship and support from relatives outside the immediate family. Parents and children often live apart from other relatives, and seldom visit them. Also, the family moves when a parent accepts a job in another place or when it decides to live in a better neighborhood. Together, loneliness and mobility (迁移) force immediate family members to depend heavily on one another for affection and companionship.

    Because the family is one of the few ongoing sources of affection and companionship in modern societies, a high percentage of people continue to marry, even though it is possible for a single man and woman to live together without marrying. On the other hand, because affection and companionship have become so important, families are more likely to break up if the husband's or wife's emotional (情感的) needs are not met within the family circle even if all other family functions (功能) are being satisfactorily performed, and in this sense, affection and companionship have become the touchstone of the modern family.

    1. It is generally believed that ________.

    A. many people spend their lives in familiar communities

    B. a person can easily get in touch with relatives in times of difficulty

    C. the organization of the family has changed a great deal

    D. western societies have not changed much in the past few years

    2. Sociological studies show that ________.

    A. the more the family moves, the less support it gets from its distant relatives

    B. parents and children live together to make up for the lack of relatives outside the family

    C. family arrangements have changed and so there is little need for companion of relatives

    D. family members are separated from each other because of lack of support from relatives

    3. The word“touchstone”in the last paragraph may be replaced by ________.

    A. result　　　　　　    B. trouble　　　　　　　　　　 C. function　　　　    D. standard

    4. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ________.

    A. affection and companionship are important for the family and they can be gained from nowhere but the family

    B. affection and companionship can come from the family and at the same time safeguard the family

    C. there are few ways to gain affection and companionship but the best way to get them is from the family

D. in modern societies a lot of families break up and it’s just for a lack of affection and companionship

    Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to“speak”with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!

    Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop used in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities, too.

    At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said,“Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”

    1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to ________.

    A. use for their schoolwork　　　　  B. access the Internet

    C. work at home　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. connect them to libraries

    2. Why is the word“speak”in the second paragraph in quotation marks (引号)?

    A. They don’t really talk.　　　　　　  B. They use the computer language.

    C. Laptops have speakers.　　　　    D. None of the above reasons is correct.

    3. Which of the following is true about Westlake College?

    A. All teacher use computers.　　　　　　  B. 1500 students have laptops.

    C. It is an old college in America.  D. Students there can do everything.

    4.“A window on the world”in the last paragraph means that students can ________.

A. attend lectures on information technology

B. travel around the world

C. get information from around the world

D. have free laptops

    5. What can we infer from the passage?

A. The program is successful.

B. The program is not workable.

C. The program is too expensive.

D. We don’t know the result yet.

    People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.

    People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.

    Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.

    When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you, which seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they can not see it any more, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark.

    1. We don’t know that our eyes are of great importance until ________.

    A. we think about our eyes　　　　　　　　  B. we cannot see clearly

    C. we wear glasses　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. we have to do much reading

    2. According to the passage, a ________ is more likely to be nearsighted.

    A. tailor　　　　　　　　 B. doctor　　　　　　   C. guard　　　　　　    D. painter

    3. People who are farsighted ________.

    A. cannot do a lot of close work without glasses

    B. can only see things that are very close to their eyes

    C. have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm’s length

    D. have the same problem as the nearsighted people

    4. To see a small thing at night, it is better to look ________.

    A. with wide open eyes　　　　　　    B. with half shut or narrowed eyes

C. straight at it　　　　　　　　　　　　    　　   D. in a slightly different direction