阅读下列短文, 从所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。

    There was a time when the owner of shops and business in Chicago　　 had to pay large sums of money to the gangsters (歹徒) in return for　　 "protection" . If the money was not paid on time, the gangsters would　　 quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining　　　　 "protection money" is not modern crime (罪). As long ago as the　　 fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the　　 remarkable discovery that the Italians would rather pay large sums of　　 money than have their life and work destroyed by a band of his men　　 when he settled there with his soldiers.

(1) Why did the owners of shops and business in Chicago have to pay 　　    the gangsters?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　 ［　　］　　    

 A. They were well protected by the gangsters.　　    

 B. The protection would cost large sums of money.　　 　　

 C. They needed protection, especially from the gangsters!　　    

 D. They were afraid that their business was damaged. 

(2) From the passage we can infer that Sir John Hawkwood had been_____.　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ［　　］　　 　　 

(3) According to the passage, we know that obtaining "protection money"　　    had happened in ________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　 ［　　］　　    

 A. Italy　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. America　　    

 C. Either Italy or America　　　　　　　　  　　 D. Italy and America 

(4) What do you think of the gangsters?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　 ［　　］　　 　　

(5) Do you think the gangsters could protect the owners of the shops?　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 ［　　］　　 　　

A. Yes, they were ready to help others.　　    

B. Yes, if anyone was willing to pay them.　　 　　　　

C. No, but the owners had to pay them.　　    

D. No, but the owners needed their help.

阅读下列短文, 从所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。

    Dr Ungar trained rats to prefer lighted boxes. He shocked any rat　　 who went into a dark area. After five to eight days the rats learned　　 that a more peaceful life could be lived in lighted boxes. Then he　　 killed the rats. He injected (注射) parts of their trained brains into　　 638 mice who had shown they liked the dark. He put parts of the brains　　 of untrained rats into 132 other mice. These mice also liked the dark.

    Animals that got the trained brains spent an average (平均) of 63　　 seconds in the dark and those that got the untrained brains averaged　　 118 seconds.

(1)From the passage, we know that the rats__________.　　    

  A. like the dark　　　　　　   B. like the light 　　   

  C. are hard to be trained　　  D. are easy to be kept 

(2) How did Dr Ungar make his rats love the light?　　　　　　 

(3)What happened to the rats that got the trained brains?　　

  A. They spent more time in the dark.    

  B. They spent less time in the dark.    

  C. They didn't stay in the dark any longer.

  D. hey acted in their usual way. 

(4) Dr Ungar injected parts of the rats' trained brains to 638 mice to    see___________________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  
   A. how long they could live   
   B. where they would stay 　　
   C. what they would look like 　　
   D. if he could change their action physically 

(5)The passage doesn't tell us _______________.　　　　 

 A. whether Dr Ungar's experiment was successful or not    

 B. which animals stayed longer in the dark    

 C. how long Dr Ungar had done his experiment    

 D. when the rats realized where their good places were

阅读理解

　　Mr. Luk: You must understand that this is not easy work and the hours are long. You may have to do shift (轮班) work and work beyond the usual time too. You should start from the very beginning.

　　David: Will I be trained here?

　　Mr. Luk: Partly. If you pass our tests, you will be able to go to technical school classes twice a week. The tests are held after you have been here for two months. Then we can check if you are suitable for the job.

　　David: That's fine. I'll make sure that I pass.

　　Mr. Luk: All right. I'll give you a chance. My secretary will tell you whom to see when you start. You can start work on the first of next month. Is that all right?

　　David: Yes, and thank you very much indeed.

(1).Why did David go to see Mr. Luk?

[　　]

A．He had mad about him in a newspaper

B．He had applied for a job in Mr. Luk's company.

C．He wanted to ask Mr. Luk if there were any jobs in his company.

D．He wanted to tell Mr. Luk about his family.

(2).How did David feel about news of the tests?

[　　]

A．He thought he would be able to avoid talking them.

B．He did not seem worried about them.

C．He was worried at first but he soon became sure of himself.

D．He did not understand what Mr. Luk meant.

(3).Mr. Luk did NOT warn David that ________.

[　　]

A．he might have to work beyond the usual time

B．he would have to pass tests

C．he would have to learn to drive

D．the job was not easy

(4).The talk between Mr. Luk and David took place ________.

[　　]

H阅读理解

　　In 1896,17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics. There he met a girl from Hungaria. They studied in the same class and the same interest in physics brought the two together and they became good friends. Before long, they fell in love with each other. In 1903, when Einstein was 24, he married Marits, who was 4 years older than he.

　　After their marriage, Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory. To give her husband more help, Marits gave up her own work, and became a good wife and assistant. She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible. she was sure that her husband would succeed. They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room. They even did that in their letters when one of them was away from home.

　　In 1914, the Einsteins moved to Berlin and settled down there. At that time, Einstein's theory proved to be correct and he had became famous all over the world. Marits was very proud of her husband with his success. But it was not long before the First World War broke out. Marits as well as her two sons, who were on holidays in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin any longer. The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family. In 1919, Einstein and Marits had to get divorced. (离婚)

(1) Why did Einstein and Marits get divorced?

[　　]

A．They didn't love each other any longer.

B．Einstein only cared about his research.

C．The war stopped Marits from coming back to Einstein.

D．The passage doesn't tell us the reason.

(2) We can learn from the passage that Marits ________.

[　　]

A．greatly helped Einstein in the research

B．was the real discoverer of the theory

C．did little to help Einstein with his theory

D．supported Einstein but helped him little

(3) The author of this passage intended to tell us that ________.

[　　]

A．Einstein suffered a great deal in his life.

B．the bitter suffering was the mother of success.

C．Marits should be respected as greatly as Einstein.

D．We should remember Marits when talking about the theory.

(4) What do we know about Marits from this passage? ________.

[　　]

A．She was an outstanding woman.

B．She was a great scientist.

C．She lost too much for her husband.

D．She loved the theory more than her husband.

(5) The passage mainly tells us ________.

[　　]

A．the connection of Marits with the famous Theory of Relativity.

B．the friendship and cooperation (合作) between Marits and Einstein.

C．the contribution that Einstein and Marits made to the science.

D．the reason why Albert Einstein could become so famous.

阅读理解

　　The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the Us. It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie to Troy and Albany on the Hudson River. It joined the entire Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the West, and materials could pour into the East. The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation's largest city.

　　The building of the Canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York. It cost $7,143,789, but it soon gained its price many times over. Between 1825, when the canal was opened, and 1882, when toll charges were stopped, the state collected $121,461,891.

　　For a hundred years before the Erie was built, people had been talking about a canal which could join the great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton. Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton's Ditch”. Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it. He and Gouvenneur Moms went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal, but they were unsuccessful.

　　Clinton became governor of New York in 1817, and shortly afterwards, on July 4th, 1817, broke ground for the canal in Rome, N,Y. the first part of the canal was completed in 1820. As the canal grew, towns along its course developed fast. The length of this canal is 363 miles.

(1) We can see that the Erie canal ________.

[　　]

A．joined the great Lakes together

B．crossed New York from north to south

C．played an important part in developing New York city

D．was the first waterway built in the US

(2) It can be inferred that ________ into the Atlantic Ocean.

[　　]

A．the great Lakes flows

B．the Hudson River flows

C．the Lake Erie flows

D．the Erie Canal flows

(3) Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．The Erie Canal brought profits of over $114,000,000.

B．It's 363 miles from the Great lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.

C．The West was more advanced than the East when the canal was built

D．Many other states helped New York build the canal

(4) Which of the following is true, according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Clinton broke ground for the canal at both ends.

B．Clinton started building the canal before he became governor

C．All parts of the canal were completed at the same time.

D．Construction of the canal took eight years.

阅读理解

　　The shy man was waiting for the girl behind a tree. She was getting ready to go to her friend's house on the other side of the woods and did not think anything would happen to her on the way. The man was waiting and thinking: “She can't be very long now.” A few minutes later she appeared at the far end of the lane (林间狭道). She could not see the man, though he could see her clearly getting ready to come out and talk on her. She came closer and closer to him.

　　He felt something different every moment, one moment he knew he would come out and talk to her, the next he feared that he might frighten her and make her angry. When she was practically level with the tree (与树平行), he made himself long and thin so that she did not see him as she passed by.

　　He held his breath for a full minute till she was out of sight at the other end of the lane, then he sat down at the foot of the tree not knowing what he was doing or why.

(1) The man was waiting for the girl because ________.

[　　]

A．he wanted to talk to her

B．she asked him to wait for her

C．he wanted to teach her a lesson

D．she didn't like to go alone

(2) She didn't see him because ________.

[　　]

(3) Why didn't he come out to talk to her?

[　　]

(4) He held his breath ________.

[　　]

A．because he was afraid to be found out

B．when she was out of sight

C．in order to see her clearly

D．in order not to frighten her

(5) The best title of the passage is ________.

[　　]

阅读理解

　　Albert found school very difficult. His teacher would tap her iron ruler against the blackboard impatiently while she waited for him to answer her questions. But Albert always had to think about many things before he could answer. After all, he would say to himself, there are many different things to think about before you can say anything with absolute certainty.

　　When his teacher wasn't asking Albert a question, Albert would think of a question to ask her. And often when he did ask, she would get red in the face and angry at Albert for thinking up questions she could not answer.

　　The more Albert learned, the more he found to think about. The more he thought about, the more questions he thought up to ask.

　　He know that the earth, the moon, the sun and other planets, are just part of what is called the universe. He knew that the universe is also made up of all the stars we can see with our eyes and millions and millions more that we can see only with the largest telescopes and still more-we think-that are so far away that they can't be seen at all. And he also knew that all the stars and our own bodies and everything else are made up of atoms (原子) so tiny that they can't be seen even with the best microscope (显微镜).

　　He thought there must be some rules to explain why everything in the universe, big or little, acts as it does. Why don't the stars moving around the sky bump into each other? What makes the tiny atoms stick together to form all the different things there are?

　　Albert Einstein thought and thought until he believed he had some of the answers. And people started to ask him questions because he had answers for many things that scientists had been trying to settle for many many years.

(1) What did Einstein think of the school?

[　　]

A．He thought he had met some trouble there.

B．He thought that he could learn a lot of knowledge there.

C．He felt that the teacher was kind enough to him there.

D．He agreed that it was the best one in the country.

(2) When Einstein answered her questions, ________.

[　　]

A．the teacher waited for him happily

B．all the students in the class laughed at him

C．he had limited and half-understood knowledge about them

D．the teacher looked unsatisfied because he didn't answer them at once

(3) Why did the teacher get angry with Einstein?

[　　]

A．Einstein couldn't answer her questions well.

B．She couldn't understand what Einstein said.

C．Einstein answered her questions with bad manners.

D．Einstein made faces in class.

(4) After you have learned the article, you'll know that Einstein ________.

[　　]

A．was a simple-minded man

B．had plenty of brains and dare discover the secret of things in the world

C．found that in the universe there are all the stars that people can see with their eyes

D．said that all the things in the world are made up of atoms that can be seen with ordinary microscope

(5) Which of the following can tell us the main idea of the article?

[　　]

A．A scientist of great achievement-Einstein.

B．The man who discovered atoms.

C．Everybody should think more.

D．Heaven rewards the faithful.

阅读理解

　　Einstein had a rich sense of humour, though his mind was always busy thinking about problems of nature and working out new theories. He would sometimes crack (谈，讲) a joke or two even when he might be speaking about some complicated (复杂的) theory of physics to a learned group of scientists. For example, he once gave a talk on his theory of time. He discussed dozens of different ideas about time. But after an hour or so he suddenly stopped, and with a look that seemed to say “I'm sorry”, he asked, “Does anyone know what time it is? I'm afraid, it's getting late.”

　　Another time towards the end of his life, when he was with a group of young students, mostly young men, he was asked to explain his law of relativity. He smiled, and then said, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours, you think it's only a minute. But when you sit on a hot stove (炉子) for a minute, you think it's two hours. That is relativity.”

(1) This passage mainly tells us that Einstein ________.

[　　]

A．was always busy working out new theories

B．was always busy thinking about problems of nature

C．always gave lectures on his theories

D．was a man of humour

(2) Einstein would sometimes crack a joke or two to make ________.

[　　]

(3) Once Einstein discussed dozens of different ideas in his talk on his theory of ________.

[　　]

(4) The example to explain the theory of relativity was given by Einstein when he was ________.

[　　]

(5) Simply speaking, relativity means ________.

[　　]

A．one feels time is short when he sits with a nice girl

B．measures of motion, space and time are relative

C．one feels times is too long when he sits on a stove

D．the length of time is the same

阅读理解

　　A Nobel Prize is considered by most people to be the highest international honor a person can receive. Do you know how the Nobel Prize winners are chosen? The Nobel Committees (委员会) send invitations to hundreds of scientists and scholars around the world, asking them to suggest names for the Nobel prizes in the coming year. The names are sent in by February 1.

　　Each committee, with the help of specially invited experts discusses the names suggested, makes out a short list and a vote (表决) is taken for the final choice. The names of the prize winners are announced in October or November. Many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prize for their achievements (成就).

　　The prizes are given on December 10. The Peace Prize is given at Oslo University, the others at a ceremony (典礼) in Stockholm. The King of Sweden gives a diploma (证书), a medal and a cheque to each prize winner. Each Nobel prize winner is expected to give a “Nobel lecture.”

　　Often a prize is given to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared. It may be given to two or more people who have worked together. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given at all. In 1972, for example, no Peace Prize was given. It is the Nobel Foundation (基金会) that decides whether to give the prize or not.

(1) A Nobel Prize is thought the highest honour because ________.

[　　]

A．each Nobel Prize winner can be a great man with lots of money

B．the winners will become famous for their work in the world

C．only a few of the greatest persons can get it in the world every year

D．each of the winners will give a “Nobel lecture”.

(2) A Nobel Prize winner must be first ________.

[　　]

A．invited to the Nobel Prize committees

B．discussed at many kinds of meetings

C．suggested one year earlier

D．selected by many scientists and scholars

(3) A Nobel Prize is decided ________.

[　　]

A．with the experts' help

B．according to the results of the votes

C．by each Nobel Committee

D．after the discussions of hundreds of scientists

(4) From the passage we know that Stockholm is a ________.

[　　]

A．a country in Europe

B．a city in Sweden

C．a place of interest in the world

D．a university in a country

(5) Which of the following is right according to the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．Only one person can be given a Nobel Prize.

B．Only one of them can be given a Nobel Prize.

C．Not all can be given a Nobel Prize

D．A Nobel Prize is not always given to just one person

阅读理解

　　Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity (同一性) of time and space and so on----but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.

　　By 1914 the young Einstein had been world-famous. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.

　　Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected (影响) him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work. In the years following World War I honours were increasingly put on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Naziism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.

(1) The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.

[　　]

A．the difficulty of Einstein's thought to others

B．the feeling of an American university president

C．the difference between science and history

D．the change in human thought produced by Einstein

(2) It seems to the American university president that ________.

[　　]

A．Einstein achieved more than any other scientists in history

B．Everybody understands Einstein's scientific ideas

C．The new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyone

D．Our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein

(3) Between 1914 and 1918 Einstein ________.

[　　]

A．received world-wide praise

B．had many chances for study

C．almost did nothing in his office

D．still continued his scientific research

(4) Einstein did his greatest work ________.

[　　]

(5) From the passage we can know that ________.

[　　]

A．Germans usually have a high respect for science

B．Einstein had no other interests besides science

C．Einstein was forced to work again in 1918

D．Einstein led a quiet life during World War I