Henry Ford was the first one to build cars which were fast, reliable (可靠的) and cheap. He was able to 1 millions of them 2 he “mass-produced(大批量生产)” them; 3 he had made a great many cars of 4 the same type. Henry Ford's 5 had hoped that his son would become a 6 , but the young man did not like the 7 and went to Detroit where he 8 as a mechanic. 9 the time he was twenty-nine, in 1892, he 10 his first car. The 11 mass-produced car in the world, the famous “Model T” 12 in 1908five years 13 Henry had started his great Ford Motor Company. This car 14 to be so popular 15 it remained 16 for twenty years.

　　 17 Henry Ford's time, mass-production techniques (技术) have become 18 in industry (工业) and 19 the price of a great many products which 20 would be very expensive.

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　　My father often works very hard. And he has 1 to see a film. Here I'll tell you 2 about him.

　　One afternoon, when he finished his work and 3 go home, he found a film ticket under the 4 on his desk. He thought he 5 to have not much work to do that day and 6 was quite wonderful to pass the 7 at the cinema.

　　So he came back home and 8 finished his supper. Then he said 9 to us and left.

　　But to our 10 , he came back about half an hour later. I 11 him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about 12 funny thing that had happened at the cinema.

　　When my father was sitting in his seat, a 13 came to my father's seat and said that the seat was 14 . My father was surprised. He took out the ticket 15 looked at it carefully. It was Row 17, 16 . And then he looked at the seat. It was the same. So he asked her 17 her ticket. She took out the ticket at once and the seat shown in it was Row 17, Seat 3.

　　 18 ? What's the matter with all this? While they were wondering, suddenly the woman said,“The 19 of the tickets are different.” So they looked at the ticket more carefully. After a while, my father said, “Oh, 20 , I made a mistake. My ticket is for the film a month ago. Take this seat, please.” With these words, he left the cinema.

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　　Trees are useful to man in three important ways, and they provide 1 with 2 and other products, they give him shade, and they help to prevent drought 3 floods.

　　Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not 4 that the third of these is the most important. In his eagerness to 5 money from trees, he has cut them down in large 6 , only to find that without them he has lost the best 7 he had. And besides, he is usually too 8 to plant and look after new trees. 9 the forests slowly disappear.

　　This does not only 10 that man will have fewer trees. The results are even 11 , for where there are trees, 12 break up soilallowing the rain to sink in and also bind (固定) the soil, thus preventing it from 13 easily; but where there are no trees, the 14 falls on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the 15 top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert.

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　　The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the old world from new. For centuries it kept the Americans from being discovered by the people of Europe.

　　Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic Ocean were believed in by people that they didn't 1 to go far out into it. One idea was that it reached out to the 2 that they might go right 3 the earth. 4 idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.

　　The Atlantic Ocean is only half as 5 as the Pacific. It is the second 6 ocean in the world. It is more than 4,000 miles 7 . Even at the narrowest it is about 2,000 miles wide.

　　Something makes the Atlantic Ocean rather unusual. For so 8 an ocean it has very few islands.

　　There is 9 much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to 10 how much there is. But suppose no more 11 fell into it and no more 12 was brought to it by 13 . It would take the ocean about 4,000 years to dry up. In most places the water is little more than two miles 14 , but in some places it is much 15 . The deepest 16 is Puerto Rico (波多黎哥). This “deep” measures 30,246 feet.

　　The Atlantic gives much 17 to the people on its shores. There are a lot of famous fishing places there.

　　Today the Atlantic is a great high way. It is not, 18 , always a smooth safe one. We now have such fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown 19 . It took Columbus two months to cross it. A fast modern ship can make the 20 in less than four days. Planes fly from New York to London in only eight hours and from south America to Africa in four!

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When I was about twelve, I suddenly developed a great passion (激情) for writing poetry. I 1 all my other hobbies, such as collecting stamps, and spent all my 2 time reading poetry and writing it. This habit of writing poetry on very possible occasion soon got me 3 trouble at school. If a lesson 4 me, I would take out my notebook and start writing poems 5 . Of course I did this very cautiously (小心地), but it was not 6 I got caught. One day while I was busy 7 a poem during a 8 lesson, I looked up 9 the teacher standing over me, getting cross (发脾气), because I was not 10 attention. He tore the poem up, with a warning not to 11 time any more in his lesson. 12 I felt certain that I had written a good poem, so that evening I wrote it out again from 13 . Not long after, I read 14 a poetry 15 and I decided to send in my poem. Weeks later, 16 I had given up 17 , I got a letter informing, me I had won the first prize. Everyone at school was very impressed, 18 the geography teacher, who 19 me more carefully than ever. He insisted that 20 poetry in his class!

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　　Mr Robinson had to travel somewhere on business, and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go 1 . He liked sitting 2 a window when he was flying, so when he got onto the plane, he looked for a window seat. He 3 all of them taken except one. There was a young man 4 beside it and Robinson was surprised that he had not taken the one 5 the window. Anyhow, he went towards it.

　　When he 6 it, however, he saw that there was a notice on it, written 7 large letters, 8 “This seat is kept for proper balance. Thank you.” Mr Robinson had never seen such a notice before, but he thought the plane 9 something particularly heavy in its room 10 made it necessary to have the passengers properly 11 . So he walked on and found 12 empty seat, not beside the window 13 .

　　Two or three other people 14 to sit in the window seat 15 the young man, but they also read the notice and went on. Then when the plane was nearly 16 a very beautiful girl 17 into the plane. The young man, who was watching the passengers coming in, 18 took the notice 19 the seat beside him and 20 succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip.

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　　A minister went to the home of the rich members of his community (社团). It was 1 outside, so he was dressed in warm clothes. The minister was 2 to go into the 3 room and removed his coat. They 4 for a short while and then the minister prepared to go back. He put on his 5 overcoat and asked his host (主人) to go with him to the outer 6 , as he wanted to say something to him in great privacy (=secret). The host, 7 that he would be coming back in a minute or so, did not bother to put on his own overcoat, although he was going out into the 8 hall. The minister kept himself busy with a small talk, 9 to the discomfort of the host. He became so cold that his teeth began to chatter. But the minister continued 10 his small talk. Several times the host asked the minister to 11 to the living room, but 12 time the minister replied that in another minute he would 13 . 14 , the rich man said, “If you do not tell what we have come out here for, I'll freeze to 15 ”.

　　“I'll tell you what I have come for,” replied the minister.“I 16 fifty dollars to buy some 17 which will go to some poor people.”

　　“ 18 is the money, but did we have to come outside for you to tell me this?”

　　“Inside, perhaps you would not have realized what it means to 19 cold. Now you must have come to know what it 20 like,” replied the minister.

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William Shakespeare was born four hundred years ago and spent his childhood in his hometown, Stratfordon-Avon. Little was known about his childhood though many stories are published, some of which may be 1 . He probably went to Grammar School at Stratford. At thirteen he 2 to leave school as his father 3 a lot in business and became poorer for a time. So William had to 4 his own living. At the age of eighteen he married a farmer's daughter. Not long after he 5 Stratford for London, London was 6 growing. All kinds of people were 7 in it. Here Shakespeare 8 travelers, students, and scholars, and his 9 was stirred (激起) by the stories they told. He also met writers and actors. He soon found some work in a 10 . Before long he became an actor and writer of plays 11 . There were a few theatres in London. One of the most famous of these was 12 the Globe. Shakespeare himself 13 one of the owners of this theatre. Shakespeare's reputation (名望) as a writer of 14 began to grow. He 15 the writing of others and found 16 in the old poets like Chaucer. By his genius (天才) he 17 all these old stories into masterpieces (杰作) of his 18 . Shakespeare wrote no fewer than 37 plays. They describe all kinds of men and women, and 19 us pictues of great events in history. In 1593 Shakespeare acted before Queen Elizabeth, and received ten pounds for his services. Soon he got greater rewards (报酬), and became 20 enough to buy a house in Stratford. He was able to retire to his native town and spent the last few years of his life in comfort there.

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　　What is intelligence (智力) anyway? When I was in the army I 1 an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and against 2 of 100, scored 160.

　　I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not 3 have scored more than 80. 4 , when anything went wrong with my car I hurried to himand he always 5 it.

　　Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man 6 questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I'd prove myself a 7 . In a world where I have to work with my 8 , I'd do poorly.

　　Consider my auto-repair man 9 . He had a habit of telling 10 . One time he said, “Doe, a deaf-and-dumb (聋哑) man 11 some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made 12 movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He 13 his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk 14 him some nails. He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the 15 man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors (剪刀). 16 do you suppose he asked for them?” I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst out laughing and said, “Why, you fool, he used his 17 and asked for them. I've been 18 that on all my customers today, but I knew 19 I'd catch you.”“Why is that?” I asked. “Because you are so goddamned educated, Doc, I knew you couldn't be very 20 .

　　And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.

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　　When a person is curious about something, it means he is interested in it and wishes to know more about it. There is 1 wrong with curiosity in itself. Whether it is good or bad 2 on what people are curious about.

　　Curiosity is always silly or wrong. Some persons with nothing to do are 3 of curiosity about what their neighbors are doing. They are 4 to know what they are eating or drinking, what they are 5 home or taking outside, or 6 they have come home so early or late. To be interested in these things is 7 because they are not at all 8 . It is none of their 9 to know what their neighbors do or are doing. Such curiosity is 10 not only foolish but also 11 . For most probably, it 12 to a small talk which often brings harm, shame or disrespect to others, and thus 13 their feelings.

　　On the other hand, there is a 14 curiositythe curiosity of wise men, who 15 at all the great things and try to find out all they 16 about them. Columbus could 17 have found America if he had not been 18 . James Watt Would not have made the steam engine 19 his curiosity about the raising of the kettle lid. All the discoveries in human history have been made 20 a result of curiosity. But the curiosity is never about unimportant things which have little or nothing to do with the happiness of the public.

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