A rabbit is running into its hole. You will ask,“What has this to do with language?”

　　Well, when a rabbit sees something dangerous, it runs away. Its tail moves up and down as it runs. When other rabbits see this tail moving up and down, they run too. They know that there is danger. The rabbit has told them something without making a sound. It has given them a signal.

　　Many other animals use this kind of language. When a bee has found some food, it goes back to its home. It cannot tell the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a little dance in the air. This tells the bees where the food is.

　　Some animals say things by making sounds. A dog barks, for instance, when a stranger comes near. A cat purrs when pleased. Some birds make several different sounds, each with its own meaning.

　　But human beings have something that no animal has--a large number of words which have the meanings of things, actions, feelings or ideas. We are able to give each other information, to tell or inform other people what is in our mind or how we feel. By writing words down we can remind ourselves of the things that have happened, or send messages to people far away. No animals can do this. No animal has the wonderful power of language.

　　No one knows how man learned to make words. Somehow he learned to make them. As centuries went by, he made more and more new words. This is what we mean by language.

　　People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in the world. A very large English dictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words, but we do not know all these. The words we know are called vocabulary. We should try to make our vocabulary larger. Read as many books as possible. When we meet a new word, look it up in the dictionary. A dictionary is the most useful book.

(1)When a rabbit gives the other rabbits a signal of danger, it _________.

[　　]

A．runs into its hole

B．stops to move its tail

C．runs with its tail moving up and down

D．stops moving its tail up and down as it runs

(2)A dog can tell something ___________.

[　　]

A．by giving signals

B．by making different sounds

C．by purring

D．by barking

(3)It has been proved that no animal is able to ___________.

[　　]

A．give the others information

B．tell the others how it feels

C．express its actions and feelings with words

D．make different sounds, each with its own meaning

(4)Generally speaking, what we mean by“vocabulary”is __________.

[　　]

A．all the words that we know

B．more and more words we use

C．all the words we need

D．the dictionary which contains thousands of words

(5)We must __________ in order to make our vocabulary larger.

[　　]

A．make more and more new words

B．learn more languages

C．look up any new words in a dictionary

D．try to read as many books as possible

　　At a few minutes past five. Dave noted that the blanket of darkness was lifting. He was just able to make out the heavier masses that eventually appeared as the familiar trees that lined the road at the base of the hill. The upper reaches of the sky showed lighter shades of gray.

　　Dave got out of bed quietly and dressed quickly. He mixed a spoonful of instant chocolate into a glass of cold water, and his impatience forced him to finish the drink in gulps.

　　As he walked down toward the lake, Dave paused to reach for the fishing pole and gear box on the bench where he had left them the night before.

　　By the time he reached the small boat, a thick white mist（雾气）had spread over the surface of the water. He stepped into the boat, sat down, and rowed out of the weed beds that lined the edge of the shore.

　　The outer fringe（边缘）of the lake disappeared as the boat moved forward noiselessly. All he could see was the enveloping whiteness. He could not tell where the boat and the surrounding air met the surface of the lake.

　　Dave rowed steadily ahead, relying on a mental picture of the surroundings. Then the mist began to rise slowly. It soon rested inches above the still surface of the lake. The heavy silence was now being broken by the fish breaking through the surface as they leaped out of the water for low-flying insects.

　　The magic time had arrived. Dave raised his pole. Dawn was broken. He was excited with expectancy.

(1)Dave got up early in the morning to ______.

[　　]

A．enjoy the scene of the lake

B．seek adventure at the lake

C．go fishing in the lake

D．take a walk by the lake

(2)According to the story, which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．Dave broke the quietness of the lake.

B．Dave was familiar with the surroundings.

C．Dave took a picture of the lake with him.

D．Dave forgot the fishing pole at the beginning.

(3)The underlined word“It”n paragraph 6 refers to ______.

[　　]

(4)What can we learn from the end of the story?

[　　]

A．Dave was hopeful of catching a lot of fish.

B．Dave wished the weather would be better.

C．Dave was happy that dawn was broken.

D．Dave expected someone else would come.

　　If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown, It will greatly increase your chances of survival（生存）. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction to fear.

Find a hiding place.

　　Unnecessary labor will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try not to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys--cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.

Signal rescuers for help.

　　The best time to signal rescuers is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket gold side facing out on the ground.

Do not walk away.

　　Walking away will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it.

If you get frostbite（冻伤）, do not warm the affected area until you're out of danger.

　　You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.

(1)When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of survival if you ______.

[　　]

A．take a space blanket with you

B．do more physical labor

C．try to find a car immediately

D．walk as far as possible to find help

(2)According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they ______.

[　　]

A．do not take enough equipment

B．stay in the middle of the mountain

C．do not keep themselves warm

D．stay in a snow-covered area

(3)What can we infer from the passage?

[　　]

A．Don't travel by yourself.

B．Mountain traveling is dangerous.

C．Don't get frightened in danger.

D．Avoid going to unfamiliar places.

　　“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best-sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was made up of three parts--“The Fellowship of the Ring”,“Two Towers”, and“The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.

　　John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien's becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.

　　After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkien's imaginative work “The Hobbit”.

　　Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best Be described as half-sized members of the English rural（乡村的）class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves（侏儒）. On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.

　　One of Tolkien's students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft（草稿）. The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a children's book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and“The Hobbit”was published in 1937.

　　It sold so well that Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced“The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readers--new and old--after their publication.

(1)What can we learn from the text?

[　　]

A．“The Lord of the Rings”didn't sell well in the last millennium.

B．People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.

C．Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English.

D．Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa.

(2)Which of the following helped most in making“The Hobbit”published?

[　　]

A．One of Tolkien's students.

B．Stanley Unwin's son.

C．Allen & Unwin.

D．Bilbo Baggins.

(3)What is mainly discussed in the text?

[　　]

A．“The Lord of the Rings”and its writer.

B．A completely new masterwork in the new millennium.

C．A famous professor at Oxford University.

D．The power of the magic ring.

(4)Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. J. R. R. Tolkien's life experience?

a．He had his“The Hobbit”published.

b．He became a member of the Inklings.

c．He served in World War I.

d．He became an undergraduate at Oxford.

e．His work“The Lord of the Rings”came to the world.

f．He moved to England to live with his aunt.

[　　]

A．f--d--b--c--a--e

B．f--d--c--b--a--e

C．f--c--d--b--e--a

D．d--f--c--a--b--e

　　If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival（生存）. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction to fear.

　　Unnecessary labor will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys--cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.

　　The best time to signal rescuers is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible--it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket--gold side facing out--on the ground.

　　It will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it.

　　You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.

(1)When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of-survival if you _________.

[　　]

A．take a space blanket with you

B．do more physical labor

C．try to find a car immediately

D．walk as far as possible to find help

(2)According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they __________.

[　　]

A．do not take enough equipment

B．stay in the middle of the mountain

C．do not keep themselves warm

D．stay in a snow-covered area

(3)What can we infer from the passage?

[　　]

A．Don't travel by yourself.

B．Mountain traveling is dangerous.

C．Don't get frightened in danger.

D．Avoid going to unfamiliar places.

　　Minh Pham was born in Vietnam. He left when he was 21 years old. Minh has been in America for almost two years. There is still much he does not understand about America.

　　Once, Minh was in a supermarket. He saw an old man and an old woman. They wanted a box of cereal. The box was on a high shelf. The man and the woman couldn't reach it. Minh saw a stepladder. He got on the ladder and got the box. He handed it to the elderly couple. They thanked him.

　　“Where are your children?”asked Minh,“Why don't they help you buy food?”

　　“Our children have their own lives,”said the man and the woman,“We like to be independent.”Minh doesn't think this is right. In his country, children help their parents. Minh gave the elderly couple his phone number. He told them to call him if they needed help. One night they asked Minh to dinner, but they never asked him for help.

　　One day, Minh was walking with a Vietnamese friend. The two men were going to a movie. Minh wanted to go to a restaurant first. Minh took his friend's hand. He pulled him toward the restaurant. People on the street stared at Minh. In Vietnam, friends often hold hands. Minh found out that people in America are not used to men holding hands.

　　Minh Pham is going through a process known as resocialization. Socialization is the process in which a person learns to live in a society. Everyone goes through this process. Minh went through it when he lived in Vietnam. When Minh came to America, he had to learn a new way of life. He had to learn how to live in a new society. Minh has learned a lot about American life in two years. He still has a lot to learn. The process of resocialization can take many years.

(1)The main idea of the passage is that __________.

[　　]

A．it takes time to get used to a new society

B．it is not so easy to travel from one country to another

C．it needs time and energy to act independently

D．it is necessary to learn about other countries

(2)The passage expresses that Minh did not understand why the elderly man and woman were not ________.

[　　]

A．helping their children

B．shopping with their children

C．holding hands

D．using a stepladder

(3)According to the passage, people stared at Minh and his friend because Minh and his friend were __________.

[　　]

A．Vietnamese

B．holding hands

C．fighting

D．not dressed like Americans

(4)The underlined word“resocialization”means __________.

[　　]

A．keeping one's own way of life

B．keeping up with others

C．a process of learning how to live in a new society

D．understanding a new culture

　　Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.

　　The largest study of the effects of aging on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.

　　“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20 ～ 25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age.”said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.

　　“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,”said Goldspink.“This is part of the aging process.”

　　What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's.

　　“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men.”said Goldspink.

　　They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.

　　The team has yet to find why aging takes a greater loss on the male heart, said Goldspink.

　　The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.

(1)The underlined word“longevity”in the second paragraph probably refers to _______.

[　　]

(2)The text mainly talks about ________.

[　　]

A．men's heart cells

B．women's aging process

C．the gender difference

D．hearts and long life

(3)According to the text, the UK scientists have known that _________.

[　　]

A．women have more cells than men when they are born

B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat

C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age

D．women never lose their pumping power with age

(4)If you want to live longer, you should __________.

[　　]

A．enable your heart to beat much faster

B．find out the reason for aging

C．exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy

D．prevent your cells from being lost

(5)We can know from the passage that _________.

[　　]

A．the reason why aging takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out

B．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells

C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss

D．women over 79 could lose more heart ceils than those at the age of 20

　　Joan Chen is famous both in China, where she grew up, and in the United States, where she now lives. How did Joan become a famous actress in two countries? It's an interesting story.

　　Joan Chen was born in Shanghai in 1961. When she was 14, some people from a film studio（制片厂）came to her school and chose her to study at the studio. She was happy about this chance, but mainly she liked the idea of getting out of school. Soon, however, she discovered that she really liked acting. At the age of 18, she won the Golden Rooster, China's top film prize.

　　In the late 1970s, Joan's parents, who were doctors, moved to the United States. Joan joined them when she was 20 and went to college there. Her parents hoped she would study medicine. Instead, she majored in film and later looked for work as an actress. To work in the United States, Joan had to start all over again. She told Hollywood that she was an actress in China, but she only got some small parts in TV shows.

　　One day Joan went to speak to a director who was making a movie called Tai-pan. The interview didn't go well. As she walked away, a man in a car noticed her. The man was Dino DeLaurntiis, the film's producer. He immediately offered her a leading part. A year later, she started in Bernardo Bertolucci's The Last Emperor and was on her way to the worldwide fame.

(1)What was true about Joan Chen when she was 14?

[　　]

A．Some people came to her school and chose her as an actress.

B．She liked to study at the studio just because she wanted to be famous.

C．The most important reason for her going to the studio was that she wouldn't like to stay at school.

D．She found she was fond of acting even before she was 14.

(2)When did Joan Chen move to the United States?

[　　]

A．In the late 1970s.

B．After she graduated from college.

C．In the late 1980s.

D．In the early 1980s.

(3)The interview with a director ________.

[　　]

A．made her on the way to success in the world

B．led to no immediate good result

C．made her play a leading part in Tai-pan

D．gave her a chance to act in The Last Emperor

　　In 1837, at the age of seventeen, Florence Nightingale decided to become a nurse, which horrified her whimsical（多奇想的）mother. In those days nurses were little more than door-keepers, and hospitals were pits of squalor（污秽）and neglect. Nightingale pressed on, and in 1853 she became superintendent（院长）of a small London hospital. She went on to the Crimea when war broke out there between Britain and Russia. She established the first of what we know as war hospitals: sanitary（卫生）, safe and stocked with supplies. Her tireless ministrations（照顾，照料）to the wounded soldiers made her famous all over the world.

　　Following the war Nightingale avoided fame and continued to train nurses, ever battling against what she herself declared“a commonly received idea... that it requires nothing but a disappointment in love or incapacity in other things, to turn a woman into a good nurse.”ince 1921 her birthday--May 12--has been the centerpiece of National Hospital Week, observed in British and American hospitals with special exhibitions, workshops and publicity drives.

(1)Florence Nightingale was born on ______.

[　　]

(2)The underlined word“it”efers to ______.

[　　]

A．turning a woman into a doctor

B．turning a woman into a good nurse

C．avoiding fame

D．continuing to train nurses

(3)The word“observed”n the second paragraph means ______.

[　　]

(4)Why did Florence Nightingale become well-known all over the world?

[　　]

A．She was one of the best nurses then.

B．Her skills of operations were the most wonderful and successful.

C．She always looked after the wounded soul and heart.

D．She was superintendent of London Hospital.

(5)Why did Florence Nightingale want to become a nurse?

[　　]

A．The author did not give the reason.

B．Florence Nightingale would like to become famous by attending the wounded of battles.

C．She wanted to take good care of the sick.

D．She was not able to do anything but become a nurse.

　　An unknown American called Clarence Nash went to see the film-maker Walt Disney in 1933. He had an unusual voice and he wanted to work in Disney's cartoon films for children. When Walt heard Nash's voice, he said, “Stop! That's our duck!”

　　The duck was the now-famous Donald Duck, who first appeared in 1934 in the film The Wise Little Hen. Donald lived in an old house-boat and wore his sailor jacket and hat. Later that year he became a star after an eight-minute Mickey Mouse film. The cinema audiences liked him because he was lazy and greedy, and because he lost temper very quickly. And they loved his voice, when he became angry with Mickey's either nephews. Soon Donald was more popular than Miekey Mouse himself.

　　In the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, Donald and his friends Mickey, Goofy and Pluto made hundreds of Disney cartoons. He also made educational films about the place of the USA in the world, and safety in the home. Then in 1966 Donald Duck and his voice disappeared--there were no more new cartoons. Clarence Nash died in February, 1985. But today's children can still see the old cartoons on television and hear that famous voice.

(1)Clarence Nash went to Walt Disney in the hope of ______.

[　　]

A．asking for a job

B．working for his children

C．seeing his new cartoon films

D．talking about his films with Walt

(2)Walt Disney chose Clarence Nash because ______.

[　　]

A．Nash was a famous man at that time

B．he needed someone to work for him immediately

C．people told him that Nash had an unusual voice

D．his voice was right for the duck in a new cartoon film

(3)Clarence was well-known because ______.

[　　]

A．he had an excellent voice

B．he acted well in the films

C．of his excellent play and his voice

D．he was a good film-maker